PB 602 OPERATION

MANAGEMENT
SOURCE ACQUISITION AND OPERATION CONTROL
PN SITI MARIAM BINTI SAMAT
Raja Izzat Muqri Bin Raja Zahari 16DPM11F2033
Muhamad Shaiful Nizam Bin Abd Rahman 16BPM12F2003
Mohamad Ihsan Hakim Bin Rozali 16BPM12F2004

SOURCE ACQUISITION
Process to create the demand for raw materials , labor, capital rising
and other factors of production are needed
OPERATION CONTROL
Known as the control of production of goods and
services that will be produce for the firm.
To ensure that available resources are
used, efficiently and effectively by the
firm to meet consumer demand
TWO IMPORTANT ASPECTS
OPERATIONAL ASPECTS
Refer to aspects of management of firm Planning
Implementation
Monitoring
TRANSFORMATION OF OPERATIONAL
CONTROL
Refer to control of exchange of raw materials or component to
finished product installation for the goods or services produced
to meet the specifications
Responsible for the firm to deal with matters relating
to the purchase of raw material, factory equipment,
spare parts, machinery and all the materials needed
to produce product
PURPOSE
To Identify the good and service required
To develop, evaluate, and identify the
best supplier, price And delivery
of goods and services
Importance of
purchasing
department
Cost of materials give a
major impact to firm
profitability
The use of automation in
production
Introduction of JIT production
Increasing in global
competition

FUNCTION OF PURCHASING
DEPARTMENT

a. To store supplier current and new database
b. Choose the best suppliers
c. Deal a contract with suppliers
d. Acting as intermediary between the suppliers and the
company
Centralized/single supplier
Purchased from one supplier only


Decentralization/multiple supplier
Purchased from various suppliers
Advantages and disadvantages of one supplier
Advantages
less work to qualify the source and
probably less administrative effort in
dealing with only one supplier. This is a
real advantage in a highly technical
product where significant engineering
effort is required to qualify or use a
product.
The supplier should feel a special
obligation to help the buyer in terms of
availability, etc. Again, in the process of
awarding this business to the supplier,
the fact that the buyers company is
relying on the supplier for material
availability should be made clear.
Disadvantages
It is more difficult for the buyer to be
sure that he is keeping his company
competitive if there is only one
source.
There is a real risk if the single
source has a catastrophic event, gets
bought by your competitor, has
financial problems, etc.
In periods of tight supply, the buyer
may be at a disadvantage in being
able to ask other suppliers to accept
orders.
Advantages and disadvantages of various
suppliers
Advantages
Choice and flexibility

Disadvantages
suppliers from similar sectors may
be wary of entering into contracts
that require close co-operation with
competitors, for fear of making their
confidential information or
intellectual property available to a
competitor.
RECEIVING
DEPARTMENT
Responsibility for the receipt of goods, the
delivery of supplies and equipment and the
inventory control for all equipment.

Function of receiving department
Unload and unpack incoming materials
Checking quantities received against the shipper packing list
Identify good received with description on purchased order
Prepare a receiving report
Notify the purchasing department of description discovered

INVENTORY DEPARTMENT FUNCTION
Inventory department responsible in supervision of supply,
storage and accessibility of items in order to ensure an
adequate supply without excessive oversupply.It can also
be referred as internal control - an accounting procedure
or system designed to promote efficiency or assure the
implementation of a policy or safeguard assets or avoid
fraud and error etc.
Quality control department
Quality control, is a process by which entities review the quality of all factors involved in production. This
approach places an emphasis on three aspects
Elements such as controls, job management, defined and well managed processes,[1][2] performance
and integrity criteria, and identification of records
Competence, such as knowledge, skills, experience, and qualifications
Soft elements, such as personnel, integrity, confidence, organizational culture, motivation, team spirit,
and quality relationships.
Controls include product inspection, where every product is examined visually, and often using a stereo
microscope for fine detail before the product is sold into the external market. Inspectors will be provided
with lists and descriptions of unacceptable product defects such as cracks or surface blemishes for
example.
LOGISTIC
process involving planning, managing and
controlling the flow of goods and services,
information, real-time data and human
resources from the point of origin to the point
of destination.
FUNCTION OF LOGISTIC DEPARTMENT
1. Ensuring all the requirements of the customers are met on time in an efficient
and safe manner.
2. To coordinate with third party logistics (3PLs).
3. To ensure that there is a safe and timely dispatch of goods.
4. To draft plans, policies and procedures for successful implementation of
logistics system.
5. To ensure that the business goals of the organization are in synchronization
with logistics system
THE PROCESS TO OBTAIN INPUT
A process to obtain raw material and other equipment to use in manufacturing
operations.
This process involves four steps of :
Material specification
Involves a detailed description of materials to be purchases such as color,
size , number , version , model , and other information about the material.
Purchasing instructions
The department that use the material gives purchasing order includes
information on material to be purchased , quantity , delivery date , the
amount charged , where the delivery and approval of the manager who
approved the purchase.





Request for quotation
The request for quotation is prepared by the purchasing department . A form attach together
when making a delivery for quotation of unit prices, cash, discount, payment terms, delivery
date, and other.
Purchase order
The most important instrument of purchasing and the basis of authority to the supplier for
produce goods and services and the buyer must make payment.
COMPLETE OUTPUT CONTROLLING SYSTEM SHOULD HAVE THE
FOLLOWING ELEMENT :
Information about the type , quantity , and date of completion of goods is determined.
Expenses for the production process has been allocated.
The production factors required already available for scheduling tasks purpose
The schedule of start and completion dates are provided for each types of activity.
Authorization and direction provided to staff who are involved in the production
process.
The process of production are determined and reported to top management.
Action will be taken if the current report does not go as planned.

Determine the other of work
This process is important to an organization because it can facilitate the parties involved
in a more systematic and orderly manner. It various department such as purchasing
department , marketing department to department until delivery.

Provide orders
What should be produced it involves what items must be complete.
How many should be produced depending on the number of order and forecast
demand?
To whom the the goods should be delivered refers to end users, agents or distribution
center

Preparation of progress reports
Supervisor must responsible for the progress report who most convenient to workers.
The report will be forwarded to the supervisor to monitor the performance work as
planned.
If performance is not on the level then the manager may provide a new regulation, change
work procedures or increasing the number of employees so that the performance can be
improved.
The evaluation technique in development of control orders
Reduce the number of supplier
Sharing information
Involving supplier in the early stages of discussion
Communicate effectively and the efficiently
Monitoring and supporting
Purpose of productions factors
To design production capacity of firms to be more
appropriate.

The elements of production factors are labor,land,capital
technology and entrepreneur
Scheduling system
Include ( schedule for activities, resource utilization and distributing of the use of
securities
Finite loading
Infinite loading
Finite loading
Scheduled in detail using the setup and run time required for each order. The system
determines exactly what will be done by each resource at every moment during
working day.
Infinite loading
Occurs when work is assigned to a work center simply based on is needed over time.
- Forward scheduling
- Backward scheduling

Forward scheduling
Starts the schedule as soon as the job requirements are known. Job is
performed to customer order and delivery .

Backward scheduling

Begin with the due date,scheduling the final operation first.
steps in job are then scheduled , one at time, in reverse order. Backward
scheduling is used in many manufacturing enviroments,as well as service
enviroments such as catering ,a banquet or scheduling surgery
Schedulling and operation control
Provides for order made,tools and labor to work
center
Determine the order of work according to priorities
Provide instruction to start work
Control the production activities consisted of reviewing the current
work status accelerate the process of late orders or critical
and
Method used in work schedule
First come first serve
Shortest operating time
Due dates
Start dates
Slack times

EXERCISE
1. Explains the meaning of operational control
Operational Control is Known as the control of
production of goods and services that will be produce
for the firm.
2. State the purpose of operational control implemented
To ensure that available resources are used,
efficiently and effectively by the firm to meet consumer
demand



3. Describe four main function of purchasing department
a) To store supplier current and new database
Record all the old and new information in a file for future use as reference
b) Choose the best suppliers
Helping the manufacturers in order not to be fooled by the tricks of supplier and
seeks to foster cooperation between manufacturers and suppliers

c) Deal a contract with suppliers
Manufacturers made an agreement with the supplier. For example made an
agreement with the supplier to distribute the goods at the end of the month and
payment is made after that
d) Acting as intermediary between the suppliers and the company
Acting as intermediary between suppliers and companies linked to other firms by the
supplier.

4) State two purchasing method by purchasing department
1.Centralized/one supplier
2.Decentralized/various supplier