Word formation

Compound adjectives
It is made up of two parts. It is usually written with a
hyphen
adjective present participle
tight- fitting Easy-going

adjective past participle
Absent-minded Well-dressed

adjective preposition
Well-off Worn-out




Compound nouns
It is a fixed expression made up of more than one word
and functions as a noun.

Countable
blood donor contact lenses youth hostel
bus stop credit card heart attack

Uncountable
junk food blood pressure hay fever
income tax cotton wool birth control
Collocative nouns
Air-conditioning room
Last-minute revision for an exam
So-called expert
Part-time job
Top-secret information
Duty-free cigarrettes
Time-consuming writing of reports
Hand-made clothes
Compound nouns ( singular)
Arms race
Death penalty
Generation gap
Labour force
Sound barrier
Global warming
Mother tongue
Welfare rate
Greenhouse effect
Compound nouns ( plural)
Grass roots
Race relations
Human rights
Roadworks
Kitchen scissors
Sunglasses
Luxury goods
Traffic lights
Compound nouns
They are based on phrasal verbs.
They reported on the break up of the mayors marriage.
They are trying to find some new outlets for their product.
The outlook for tomorrow is good. Sunny in most places.
There are drawbacks as well as disadvantages to every
situation..
He welcomes feedback from them.

NOUNS
Nouns Formation
Suffixes
- ER / OR
Person who does an activity
Writer , painter , worker
Operator, actor
- ER/ OR
Things which do particular jobs
Pencil sharpener , projector
- EE
Person who receives or experiences the
action
Trainee, employee, addressee
Nouns Formation
- IST
A person or someone who
plays musical instruments

Physicist, terrorist, Marxist ,
pianist
- ISM an activity or idiology

Buddhism, journalism
From verb to noun
- (T)ION- SION- ION

Pollution, admission, donation
From adjective to noun
- NESS Happiness, sadness, weakness
Nouns suffixes
- MENT
Excitement, enjoyment, replacement
- ITY
Flexibility , productivity, scarcity
- HOOD
(abstract)
Childhood, motherhood
- SHIP
(abstract)
Friendship, membership
Adjective suffixes
can be done
ABLE Drinkable , washable , readable

IBLE

Edible ( can be eaten)
Flexible ( can be bent)
1.3

Adjective suffixes
- IVE Passive, productive, active
- AL Brutal, legal, arrival
- OUS Delicious, furious
- FUL Forgetful, hopeful, useful
- LESS Useless, harmeless, homeless
Verb suffixes
- ISE (Br)
- IZE ( Am)
Modernise
Industrialise

- IFY Beautify, purify, terrify

Prefixes
Opposite / reverse the action
- UN
Comfortable / Uncomfortable
Tie / Untie
Do / undo
- DIS
Loyal / disloyal
Appear / disappear
Agree/ disagree
- IN ( opposite meaning )

Convinient/ inconvinient
- IN ( idea of inside or into)

Internal / insert
2.1

3.1

4.1

5.1

Activity
Extract nouns, adjectives and adverbs from
the previous readings.
Use a dictionary and find word families.
http://www.oxfordadvancedlearnersdictionary.c
om/dictionary/academic
Add its frequency and list ( AWL)
Recording format
Verb Adverb Adjective Noun

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Sources
Collocations
http://www.lixiaolai.com/ocd/