2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Davison and Neale: Abnormal Psycholoy, !e

Abnormal Psychology, Eighth Edition
by
Gerald C. Davison and John M. Neale
Lecture notes created by Paul J. Wellman, Texas !M "niversity
Po#erPoint Lecture Notes Presentation
Chapter 3
Classification and Diagnosis
"h #
2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Davison and Neale: Abnormal Psycholoy, !e
Dia$nostic %ystems
&
Dia$nostic systems assume that
abnormality can be detected and classi'ied
by clusters o' sym(toms and si$ns
)
*ach cluster is thou$ht to re'lect a di''erent
disorder
)
*ach cluster may re+uire a di''erent treatment
"h #.$
2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Davison and Neale: Abnormal Psycholoy, !e
D%M,-. Classi'ication %ystem
&
D%M,-. /Dia$nostic and %tatistical Manual0 is a
revised dia$nostic classi'ication system created
by the merican Psychiatric ssociation
&
D%M,-. ma1es use o' 2 distinct axes to classi'y a
disorder
&
D%M,-. #as desi$ned to more accurately classi'y
(sychiatric disorder /relative to earlier D%M
versions0
"h #.2
2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Davison and Neale: Abnormal Psycholoy, !e
3ive xes o' D%M,-.
A%IS D&S"'IP(I)N
I All ca*eories e+ce,* ,ersonali*y disorder and
men*al re*arda*ion
II Personali*y disorders and men*al re*arda*ion
III -eneral medical condi*ions
I. Psychosocial and environmen*al ,roblems
. "/rren* level o0 0/nc*ionin
"h #.#
2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Davison and Neale: Abnormal Psycholoy, !e
4vervie# o' D%M,-.
Cate$ories
&
Disorders usually 'irst dia$nosed in in'ancy,
childhood or adolescence
)
-nvolve early emotional5intellectual disorder
&
%ubstance,related disorders
)
-n$estion o' a dru$ im(airs social5occu(ational
'unctionin$
&
%chi6o(hrenia
)
-nvolves 'aulty contact #ith reality
)
May involve delusions /disordered thou$hts0
"h #.1a
2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Davison and Neale: Abnormal Psycholoy, !e
&
Mood disorders
) -nvolve lar$e s#in$s in emotional a''ect
&
nxiety disorders
) -nvolve some 'orm o' irrational or overblo#n 'ear
&
%omato'orm disorders
) -nvolve (hysical sym(toms that have no 1no#n (hysiolo$ical cause
&
Dissociative disorders
) -nvolve a sudden alteration o' consciousness that a''ects memory
and identity
"h #.1b
2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Davison and Neale: Abnormal Psycholoy, !e
&
%exual5$ender identity disorders
) -nvolve dys'unction or discom'ort #ith sexual 'unction or identity
&
%lee( disorders
) -nvolve disturbance in amount o' slee( or events durin$ slee(
&
*atin$ disorders
) -nvolve under, or over,eatin$
&
3actitious disorder
) -nvolved in (ersons #ho (roduce or com(lain o' (sycholo$ical
sym(toms /sic1 role0
"h #.1c
2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Davison and Neale: Abnormal Psycholoy, !e
&
-m(ulse control disorder
)
-nvolve several conditions in #hich a (erson7s
behavior is ina((ro(riate or out o' control
&
Personality disorders
)
-nvolve endurin$, in'lexible and malada(tive
(atterns o' behavior and inner ex(erience
&
4ther conditions that may be the 'ocus o'
clinical attention
"h #.1d
2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Davison and Neale: Abnormal Psycholoy, !e
Classi'ication Criti+ues
&
Classi'ication systems do not al#ays
ca(ture the uni+ueness o' a (erson
&
Classi'ication systems may em(hasi6e
trivial similarities bet#een abnormal
conditions
&
Classi'ication may result in a label that is
harm'ul to the (erson
"h #.2
2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Davison and Neale: Abnormal Psycholoy, !e
Classi'ication -ssues
&
Cate$orical classi'ication is #hen a system
ma1es a yes5no decision as to the
(resence5absence o' a disorder
)
%chi6o(hrenic5not schi6o(hrenic
&
Dimensional classi'ication involves ran1in$
o' a (erson alon$ a +uantitative dimension
)
Dimensional can include a cuto'' (oint that #ill
yield a cate$orical classi'ication
"h #.3
2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Davison and Neale: Abnormal Psycholoy, !e
ssessment -ssues
&
8eliability re'ers to the extent to #hich a
measurement system yields similar values
#ith re(eated measures o' an ob9ect or entity
)
-nterrater reliability examines the de$ree o'
a$reement 'or t#o raters o' the same ob9ect
&
Construct validity evaluates the extent to
#hich accurate (redictions can be made
about a cate$ory once it has been 'ormed
"h #.4
2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Davison and Neale: Abnormal Psycholoy, !e
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