Vous êtes sur la page 1sur 24

LOGISTICS IN

INDIA


CONTAINER
TRAINS
India has become the prime location of logistics service
provider all over the world. Logistics management is the
part of the supply chain that plans, implements and
controls the efficient and effective forward and
backward flow of goods, services and information from
point of origin to point of consumption. It evolved as a
business in 1950 and includes transporting goods from
one place to another through roadway, railway, air,
shipment or intermodal movement. Government also
works to improve the logistics services in the country.
The 11
th
five year plan had logistics improvement as its
objective. Planned expenditure on transport is
expected to be about INR 13,750 billion and the split is
INR 4813 billion on railways, INR 7013 billion on roadways
and INR 963 billion each on ports and airports.
24%
6%
55%
15%
Cargo share among
different sectors
railway aviation roadways shipping
INTRODUCTION
INTRODUCTION
INBOUND LOGISTICS
It concentrates on
purchasing and
arranging the inbound
movement of materials,
parts and finished
inventory from suppliers
to manufacturers or
warehouses or retail
stores.
OUTBOUND LOGISTICS
It is related to the
storage and
movement of the final
product and the
related information
flows from the end of
the production line to
the end user.
LOGISTICS
LOGISTICS
VIA
RAILWAYS :
CONTAINER
TRAINS
ABOUT
Containerization is a
system of freight
transport based on a
range of steel
intermodal containers
built on standardized
dimensions that can be
loaded, unloaded and
transported efficiently
over long distances. The
system was developed
after World War ll. It
dramatically reduced
the transport cost,
supported post-war
boom and was a major
element in globalization.
ACTO
ACTO stands for Association of Container Train
Operators. It is an organization formed to
promote and protect the rights of container
train operators. It also acts as a consultative
body to the Indian Railways and other
concerned government departments to
formulate policies in common interest of
container train operators. It also arranges
seminars and workshops to share experience
and knowledge with other national and
international organizations.
MEMBERS OF ACTO
INLOGISTICS
It is Indias first private container cargo train and rake
operator on the Indian Railways after striking deal under
the Container Train Policy. Its operation started on April
1, 2007.
Services offered :-
Rail services :
Terminals : provide a spectrum of facilities in terms of
warehousing, container parking, repair facilities and
even office complexes. Inlogistics has set up 3 rail
linked terminals at Sahnewal, Rourkela and Raipur.
ASSETS

No. of rakes : 15
No. of containers : 2500+
5+ owned and leased
terminals -10+ offices
Attached/dedicated trucks
150

Current Routes

Rajasthan Kolkata Odissha -
Punjab ,
Gujarat - Kolkata, Gujrat Raipur
Punjab - Odissha/Chhatishgarh
Punjab/Rajasthan,
Orissa to East / North East - Kolkata


COMMODITIES
TRANSPORTED

Marble
Tiles
Clay
Soft iron
Pig iron
Food grains
Sponge iron

CLIENTS

DS Group
Ericsson
Vedanta
Bhushan Power and
Steel
Adhunik
NK Steel
IND Energy
Central Warehousing
Corporation
Orient
Kajaria
Nitco and many more..


INLOGISTICS
OBJECTIVES
Improving
customer
service
Rapid
response
Reduce
total
distribution
cost
Generating
additional
sales
Creating
time and
place
utilities
Price
stabilization
Quality
improvement
Movement
consolidation
FUNCTIONS
ORDER PROCESSING It includes :-
I. Order checking if any deviation in any agreed or negotiated terms.
II. Price, payment and delivery terms
III. Checking the availability of the material stock.
IV. Production and material scheduling for storage
V. Acknowledge the order indicating deviation
WAREHOUSING It is a major decision and considers following factors :-
I. Location
II. Number of warehouses
III. Size
IV. Design of building
INVENTORY MANAGEMENT it involves a retailer seeking to acquire and
maintain a proper merchandise assortment while ordering, shipping, handling
and other related costs are kept in check and reconciliation of inventory
management.
TRANSPORTATION it consists of transporting cargo from one place to another.
At times it may involve other methods of logistics like trucks (roadways), ships or
aviation.
INFORMATION it involves keeping the customers informed about the status
and position of their cargo.
FACILITIES
FUNCTIONS
NODES OF DISTRIBUTION
Factory where
goods are
manufactured.
Depot or deposit
used for storing of
merchandise.
Distribution centers
for order processing
and fulfilment.
Transit points built for
cross docking
purposes.
Retail stores and
supermarkets
Final consumer
INFRASTRUCTURE
Infrastructure of container train movement refers to
the various supporting elements that facilitates
smooth functioning. It includes
Containers
Handling equipments
Tracks
Container Freight Station (CFS)
Inland Container Depot (ICD)
CONTAINERS
These are also called ISO containers as they are made
according to the ISO standard dimensions. They are meant
for carrying the goods from one place to another. Containers
can broadly be divided into 3 categories
Tank container : it is an intermodal container to transport
liquid, gaseous and powder items. It is a stainless steel
vessel surrounded by an insulation and protective layer of
polyurethane. It can be loaded from top and bottom.
Reefer container : these are meant for transport of
temperature sensitive cargo. They have integral
refrigeration units and rely on external power from electric
power points at a land based site.
Swap container : these are standard freight containers for
road and rail transport.
HANDLING EQUIPMENT
The equipments used for loading unloading purposes are called handling equipments.
Container Granty Cranes : they are meant for transferring goods from ships to rail or road
wagons. A spreader beam moves in several directions allowing accurate positioning of
cargo. Some newer cranes can carry up to 2-4 20 foot container at once.
Straddle Carrier : they are capable of straddling container stacks as well as rail and road
vehicles allowing for quick transfer for containers.
Grappler Lift : it is similar to straddle carrier except for it grips the cargo from bottom
instead of the top.
Reach Stackers : they have arms as well as spreader beams for lifting containers and can
stack them on top of each other.
Sidelifters : they are road going truck or semi trailers with cranes fitted at each end to
hoist and transport containers in small yards or longer distance.
TRACK GAUGE
There are mainly 5 types of tracks used in India
Broad Gauge(BG) or Indian gauge is 1676mm or 5ft 6in
Standard Gauge(SG) 1435mm or 4ft 8.5in
Metre Gauge(MG) is 1000mm or 3ft 3..37 5in
Narrow Gauge(NG) 762mm or 2ft 6in
Narrow Gauge 610mm or 2 ft
Broad gauge is preferred in India as it provides greater stability
during periods of high wind and unpredictable weather and
greater space between the wheels for bigger inside circles.
Some lines of Delhi Metro are standard gauge.


INLAND CONTAINER DEPOT
ICDs are dry ports equipped with fixed installations and
offering services for handling and temporary storage of
containerized cargo as well as empty containers. It is a
custom station in its own right having independent
existence at par with any other custom station. It has an
automated system of its own with separate station codes. It
also offers the services of maintenance and repair of
containers. ICDs are mostly located near hinterlands. They
are the concentration points of long distance cargoes and
their unitization. It helps reduce the inventory cost and
increases the flow of trade.
CONTAINER FREIGHT STATION
CFS are specified as custom areas wherein imported or
exported goods are temporarily kept before clearance
by custom. With the increase in volume of international
trade, a number of CFS have been developed near the
stations in order to facilitate easy clearance and
mobilization of goods. CFS is merely an appendage to
a parent Customs station. At CFS, goods are stuffed into
containers or de-stuffed therefrom and
aggregation/segregation also takes place at such
places. It is generally located near ports.
CHALLENGES
It is high cost low profit business.
There is lack of skilled and knowledgeable labor in logistics
sector.
Important rail networks are oversaturated.
Rail freight tariffs are high.
Transmit times are long and uncertain.
Rail terminal quality is poor.
Less flexibility in carrying different types of goods.
Railway carriage not easy for companies that cannot
provide full train loads.




GAME CHANGERS
Low transportation
cost as compared to
other modes of
logistics
Seamless
connectivity
Transportation of bulk
cargo
Advantage of time,
cost and efficiency
Double stacking
and reefer
services
ALLS NOT WELL
Inflexibility to
reach deep
interiors
Large number of
unorganized players
Hike in fuel prices
increases the cost
Suffers from threat of
smuggling
Trade regulations
CURRENT STATUS IN INDIA
Being the seventh largest nation in terms of
geographical area and a prominent force among
emerging countries in terms of technology and
infrastructure, India is now well ahead on the growing
curve of the world economy. The role and potential of
logistics companies is on the upswing as crucial business
operations like supply chain management and contract
logistics become key issues of managing humongous
surge in national business locally, nationally and globally.
On logistics front India has picked good momentum
over the last decade. With an estimated market worth
of Rs 260000 crores the industry contributes around 13%
to the national GDP. International logistics players are
also expanding their base in India.
THE WAY FORWARD
Logistics sector has a great future ahead. The Indian logistics
sector growth depends on the growth of its soft infrastructure
like education, training and policy framework as much as the
hard infrastructure. It is estimated that Indian logistics sector
will continue to robust growth of 10-15% annually, leading to
the growth of the economy. Some steps that may help in this
direction are :-
Increase investment in railways by reallocating from roads.
Creating enablers to maximize efficiency, logistics parks,
standardized containers, etc.

THANK YOU
MADE BY
M VAISHNAVI

Vous aimerez peut-être aussi