Oracle Database

Presenters:

Suranga Ketkar
Chris Stewart

Our Website:

http://www.angelfire.com/ca5/stewman/bus119Aintro.html



Overview
* Brief History
* Critical Database Concepts
* Market Share
* Competition
* Why Companies should use ORACLE?
Oracle Database
Brief History
1977
Larry Ellison, Bob Miner and Ed Oates found Software Development
Laboratories and build a new type of database called a relational database
system.Their original project is for the government and is titled Oracle. The
founders believe that Oracle, meaning source of wisdom, would be an
appropriate name for their project.

1979
RSI ships its first commercial SQL database- V2 (there was no V1).

1983
Company decides to make RDBMS portable. Oracle introduces V3-the first
portable database to run on PCs, minicomputers and mainframes.

































1987
Oracle officially becomes world's largest DBMS software company.

1997
Oracle ships Oracle8, its next-generation database for Network Computing that dramatically
reduces an organizations computing costs and empowers a new era of low-cost, personalized
information access.

1999
Oracle Delivers Oracle8i: the world's first internet database and centerpiece of
Oracle's Internet Platform for business innovation.


Relational Database
A relational Database is an extremely simple way of thinking about and managing the data used in a
business.

Oracle being a relational database management system turns a piece of data into information by
organizing it.

Oracle lets you do three things :
* Lets you put data into it
* keeps the data
* Lets you get the data out and work with it

Oracle supports this in-keep-out approach and provides clever tools that allow you considerable
sophistication in how the data is captured, edited, modified, and put in; how you keep it securely
and how you get it out to manipulate and report on it.

Why it is called Relational?
ORACLE stores information in tables.

Tables can be related to each other if they each have a column with a common type of information.
This relationship is the basis for the name relational database.
Example:

Cloudy 62 81 Paris
Rain 88 66 Chicago
Sunny 89 97 Athens
Condition Humidity Temperature City
WEATHER
France Paris
United States Chicago
Greece Athens
Country City

LOCATION
Three flavors of ORACLE
An object relational database management system ( ORDBMS) extends the capabilities of the
RDBMS to support object-oriented concepts.You can use ORACLE as an RDBMS or take advantage
of its object oriented features.

There are three flavors of ORACLE:
* Relational The traditional ORACLE relational database.
* Object-relational The traditional ORACLE relational database, extended to include
object-oriented concepts and structures such as abstract datatypes,
nested tables, and varying arrays.
*Object-oriented An object-oriented database whose design is based solely on
object-oriented analysis and design.
Structured Query Language
ORACLE was the first company to release a product that used the English based Structured Query
Language (SQL).
This allowed end users to extract information themselves, without using a systems group for every
little report.
SQL has rules of grammar and syntax, but they are basically the normal rules of English speech and
can be readily understood. Using SQL does not require any programming experience.
The key words used in a query to ORACLE are select, from, where, and order by. They are clues to
ORACLE to help it understand your request and respond with the correct answer.
A simple ORACLE Query:
If ORACLE had the WEATHER table in its database, your first query to it would be simply this:
select city from WEATHER where Humidity = 89
ORACLE would respond:
City
-------
Athens
PL/SQL is Oracles procedural language (PL) superset of Structured query language.




* Market Share

* Competition

* Why Companies should use ORACLE?
Database Market Share
IBM
30%
Microsoft
13%
Informix Software
9%
Sybase
6%
Other
11%
Oracle
31%
Oracle
IBM
Microsoft
Informix Software
Sybase
Other
Integration of a Database with a B2B

Web server determines the page which
contains script language and passes the
script page to the web-to-database
middleware
Server Computer
Script Page
HTTP Page
Web-to-database
Web Browser Web Server middleware connects
HTML Page to the database and
Web-to Database Passes the query
middleware passes the
query results in HTML
format back to the web
HTML Page server
User

The result of the
database query is
displayed in HTML Database server
format passes the query
results back to the
web-to-database middleware

Cold Fusion
Summary of Features
Oracle 8i Standard Edition MS SQL Server 7.0
List Price/ 5 users $3,925 $1,399
Price for each additional user $785 $127
Server Operating-system support
Windows NT,
9X, Unix Windows NT, 9X
Network Protocols
IPX, Named
Pipes, TCP/IP
AppleTalk, Named
Pipes, TCP/IP, Vines
IP
Command scripting languages
Java, OS
commands,
PL/SQL, SQL,
TCL
Jscript, OS
commands, SQL,
Transact-SQL, VB
Script
Summary Tables Supported Not Supported
Web Based Administration Tools Supported Not Supported
Graphical Tools Supported Supported
Multimedia Support Supported Not Supported
Multiversioning Concurrency Supported Not Supported
Oracle vs. DB2
In the ever-increasing world of Internet business, it is becoming imperative for businesses to obtain
a competitive advantage by adopting technology faster and faster. As a result, there has been
considerable focus on Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) of IT solutions. In the new web-enabled
environment supporting B2B and B2C e-commerce, IT cost of ownership becomes of lesser
importance than business related metrics such as:

1. Scalability: The ability to handle high, variable, and non-predictable transaction throughput.
2. Availability: the ability to support non-stop (24x7) operations.
3. Ease of implementation and compatibility with packaged applications.

I will compare Oracle 8i Enterprise Edition and IBMs DB2 Universal Database Enterprise Edition
for you to make more evident the reason why a company should buy Oracle database products over
other vendors.

The following statistics were taken from www.input.com, a world respected leading provider of
web-based e-business market research and marketing services.

Oracle Vs. DB2
Database Usage and Throughput
Oracle8i on average supports 60% more users than IBM DB2.
Oracle8i on average supports 16% higher transaction throughput than IBM DB2.
Oracle8i has a slightly higher level of scalability and performance than IBM DB2.

Database Availability
On average 78% of applications running on Oracle8i achieve availability levels greater
than 99% compared to 62% of applications running on IBM DB2.

Ease of Implementation
Oracle8i is perceived to score more highly than IBM DB2 in terms of ease of
implementation and compatibility with application package used.


8i Vs. DB2 TCO
Database Availability is Critical in an e-business Environment
Organizations increasingly seek response times measured in milliseconds and zero downtime
twenty-four hours a day and 365 days a year. Levels of availability are now arguably the most
important factor in determining total cost of ownership since the cost of downtime to the
business in a B2B or B2C e-commerce environment far outweighs any IT cost components.
Average Throughout by Database Server
Metric
IBM DB2 Oracle8i
Average number of transactions per minute 37 43

Peak number of transactions per minute 127 143

On average the transaction throughput is 16% higher for Oracle8i than for IBM DB2.

Approximately three-quarters of databases using Oracle8i exhibit availability levels in excess
of 99% compared to approximately 60% of those based on the IBM DB2 database platform.

The total cost of ownership per name used per annum(including the business cost if downtime)
is 28% lower for Oracle8i than for IBM DB2.



Why Companies Should use Oracle?


Scalability: Can be used on all windows and many different UNIX operating systems.
Oracle is much more stable and reliable the DB2 and SQL Server 7.0
Oracle delivers the most Java and Internet specific features of popular databases.
Users can create internal database programs like stored procedures and triggers in Java
Oracle is much more suited for large volume web site processing due in part to its
internal programming languages and its incorporation of Java and other web-enabled
programming languages.
Oracle has multiversioning concurrency. This function avoids making one user wait
for another user to finish making changes to the database. Other databases make
database readers wait for a database writer to finish making changes, but Oracle never
does this; its readers can always read any row in the database without waiting. This
feature is why Oracle is able to push through more transactions per user than other
database products.
Has large database partitioning, which helps businesses keep monster, gigabyte-size
databases under control.
Offers market-leading support for multimedia objects

Our Website:

http://www.angelfire.com/ca5/stewman/bus119Aintro.html