Innovation, Sustainability and Customer Value

Waste Management
May 2012
Conversion Technologies and a Changing Industry:

Presentation overview
Page 2
2012 Waste Management
Introduction: Fast facts & trends
Summary
Beyond Waste: What is on the horizon?
The status of new technologies
Company Overview
Waste Management 2011
Green vs. Traditional Services
Approach to Materials Management


Our goal:
To minimize
environmental
impact while
optimizing the
value of the
material that we
manage.
We dont manage waste, we manage
resources.
We focus on developing sustainable solutions
to materials management. These solutions
must be environmentally and economically
sustainable.
We are striving to minimize our customers
and our own impacts on the environment,
and to maximize the value of the materials
we manage.
To be sustainable, our solutions must meet
the varying needs of the communities and
customers we serve across the country.
WM and New Technologies
What Does it Look like?
Four Platforms of Focus

Renewable Energy
Utilizing the entire waste stream or
converting landfill gases to valuable
energy sources


Recycling Technology
Repurposing segments of the
waste stream
Consumer Facing &
Sustainability Models
Promotion of the WM brand, green
messaging and sustainability
through various retail and/or
consumer focused business models

Conversion Technologies
Converting segments of the waste
stream into valuable energy sources
Platforms of
Focus
8
WMs post-collection
portfolio WMs Beyond Waste technologies WM solutions
Traditional
recycling
Diversion
alternatives
Waste to
energy
Landfill
Sorted MSW
Recyclable materials are recovered
from solid waste then the residual is
gasified to produce electricity or
converted to transportation fuels or
chemicals
A
Enerkem
InEnTec
Fulcrum
Genomatica
Conversion of recovered plastics
Plastics used as a feedstock to
produce transportation fuels and
chemicals
B
Agilyx
Organic alternatives
Pre- and post-consumer food waste
and yard waste used as a feedstock to
produce compost, electric power, or
transportation fuels
C
WM Sites/CORe
Peninsula
Garick
Harvest Power
Terrabon
WMs investments aim to extract the most value
from its customers materials
WM invests in beyond waste technologies
CONVERT MSW TO
SYNGAS THAT CAN
BE CONVERTED TO
FUEL.
CONVERT LFG TO
NATURAL GAS &
SYNTHETIC DIESEL
TRANSPORTATION
FUEL
CONVERT ORGANIC
WASTE TO COMPOST
& ENERGY THROUGH
ANAEROBIC
DIGESTION
COMPOST AND
ENERGY
CONVERT MSW TO
SYNGAS THAT CAN
BE FURTHER
CONVERTED TO
SPECIALTY
CHEMICALS
SYNGAS &
CHEMICALS
EXAMPLES OF TECHNOLOGIES WM HAS INVESTED IN:
The materials we manage feed these processes.


Recycling Technologies

Recycling Programs
Waste Management is Investing in Convenient Recycling Programs
2020 Goal = 20 Million tons
In 2010 we recycled over 10 million tons of material.
Single Stream Recycling
Single-stream recycling greatly increases
participation - on average up to 50 percent
more recyclable materials

Helps lower costs and emissions by
reducing transportation while capturing
new volume

Employs advanced recycling technology
including magnets, screens and optical
scanners to automate the sorting of
recyclables

Improves local recycling programs by
increasing capacity while maintaining
material quality

E-Waste Recycling
Fastest growing commodity in the
waste stream

In 2009, WM processed 12 million
pounds of e-waste

WM operates over 200 eCycling
collection depots North America,
with a goal of having a recycling
center within 20 miles of 95 percent
of the population

WM's seven e-cycling facilities have
been certified by Basel Action
Network. The company has also
adopted R2/RIOS standards.



Organics Recycling
WM estimates that 30-35 million tons are organic in nature from the
materials we manage (excluding recycled paper, OCC, wood, YW, FW, etc).
WM currently manages over 2.0 million tons of organics to beneficial uses
including composting, mulch operations
WM currently operates 36 Organics Facilities, has another that will start up
in the next several weeks, and more in the permitting process.

Renewable Energy Solutions

Transportation Investment
Our goal is to reduce our fleet emissions by 15% and improve fuel
efficiency by 15% by 2020.
With over 1,400 natural gas trucks on the road today, we have the largest
fleet of vocational heavy duty natural gas trucks in the waste industry.
We are adding almost 500 more this year alone.
We are investing in public fueling stations, which help provide the
necessary infrastructure for natural gas fueling.
Our investment in natural gas displaced 8 million gallons of diesel with
natural gas in 2010. This will grow to 12.8 million gallons in 2011.
WM is transitioning to a natural gas fleet
Renewable Energy Production
WM is one of the largest renewable energy companies in North America
Our 17 Waste-to-energy plants produce enough energy to provide power
to 650,000 homes.
Our 129 landfill gas-to-energy plants generate enough renewable energy
to power nearly 500,000 homes.
We generate more renewable energy than the entire U
US solar industry.


WM energy projects create enough energy to power more than 1.1
million homes, displacing the need for 21 million barrels of oil each year



Looking to the Future:
Conversion Technology Partners

New Technologies
Over 550 companies are investing in new conversion
technologies.

Only 50-60 facilities are currently operating.

Most are on Japan and Europe due to policies and cost drivers.

There is no single solution well need a range of technologies
to achieve our energy goals.


Companies are investing in technology to capture energy
Emerging Technologies

Raw Organic Waste
Chemicals Consumer
Gasoline Transportation
Ethanol Transportation
CNG/LNG Transportation
Power Electricity
Compost Retail Lawn & Garden
Compost Bulk/Wholesale Lawn & Garden
Harvest Powers anaerobic digesters will create biogas that will be
used to generate renewable electricity from organic material.
Converting organics to renewable energy

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2012 Waste Management
Terrabon is developing a process that will ultimately convert food
waste into biofuel (i.e. green gasoline or diesel fuel)
Converting organics to biofuel

Converts low value, hard to
recycle and contaminated
plastics into a high value,
synthetic crude oil.

The first plant is operating
in the Portland, Oregon
area with the second in
the final permitting
process.
Converting mixed-waste-plastics to high-octane
syncrude

InEnTecs plasma
gasification technology
will produce flexible,
clean fuels and energy.

The first facility has been
constructed in
Arlington, Oregon and
is ramping up its
operations.
Converting MSW to alternative transportation
fuels, electricity and manufacturing feedstocks

Enerkems gasification technology converts waste
materials into a locally produced green fuel.

Feedstock includes municipal solid waste, construction
and demolition wood and forest residuals.
Converting waste into ethanol


Produces ethanol from MSW.
Fulcrum uses a dual stage
gasification process that
has been tested over the
past two years at a smaller
scale.
The first plant is permitted
and is being built in Storey
County, Nevada. Sierra
BioFuels will be completed
in 2013.
Converting waste into ethanol


WM has a joint development agreement with Genomatica to
research and advance the production of chemicals from MSW.
Creates specially designed organisms and manufacturing processes
to convert syngas into chemical products. This is the first
biology-based process making this conversion, instead of higher
energy chemical-based conversions.
Converting waste to syngas to chemicals


Renewable Energy
Landfill or biogas gas to CNG
JV with Linde Group
High Mountain Fuels
Conversion
Gasification of MSW to fuel
Commercial-scale facility 400-
500 tpd
MSW to ethanol via large-scale
plasma gasification
Commercial-scale facility 400-
500 tpd
Organics to drop-in fuel via
anaerobic fermentation
Processes high moisture
organics which are difficult to
gasify
Plasma arc gasification of hard
to treat non recyclable
materials, hazardous wastes,
medical wastes etc
Low-temperature, smaller scale
gasification of biomass to syngas
Converts low value, hard-to-
recycle waste plastic to synthetic
crude oil using pyrolysis
Organics to electricity via
aerobic and anaerobic
digestion
Develop proprietary process
that utilizes biological
organisms that convert
syngas to high-value
chemicals
Waste Managements New Technology Portfolio
Gas-to-liquids
Landfill gas, biogas, or natural
gas to LNG
Owns largest in-vessel
organics composting facility
in eastern US
Manufacturer and marketer of
organic garden products
Recycling of food, yard, and
biomass residuals into
fertilizer and biogas through
co-digestion
Recycling
Consumer-facing
Affinity program focused on
increasing recycling rates
offered as a value enhanced
service
Dumpster-in-a-bag sold
through home improvement
stores as a convenient retail
friendly alternative to a
conventional dumpster
Has spun out of OGG into
core operations
Intelligent, solar-powered
recycling/trash compactors
reduce collection costs
At-your-door collection of
household hazardous waste
WMs New Technology Portfolio
Asphalt Products
Recycles roof shingles into
asphalt road products
Organic Recycling
Mercury Waste
Solutions
Extracts mercury and
phosphor powder from spent
fluorescent light bulbs
Uses recycled PET to create products
with lower density, lower material
costs, and fewer environmental
impacts than virgin PET

Summary
WM is investing in clean energy and technologies. These
technologies will help to create more value from the material we
manage. They will generate renewable energy and renewable
energy that can reduce our reliance on foreign oil while reducing
greenhouse gas emissions.
Many of new technologies are in the pilot phase and will be
ready for prime time in the next 2-4 years.
This is an industry that is evolving quickly. The technologies
are likely to change as they develop.
There is no single solution. We expect to develop a suite of
technology solutions over time.
We hope to work with our local community partners to divert
more material to higher value uses - by recycling more,
creating energy and renewable fuel.