Chapter 3

New Colonies
1620s-1730s
Pages 33-36
New Colonies
Most colonies offered religious liberty and
allowed participation in local government
King Charles I
Issued a charter for the formation
of the Massachusetts Bay
Company
Massachusetts Bay Company
A joint-stock company composed of
Puritan businessmen
King Charles I issued this company a
charter granting them a large piece of land
in the territory that was controlled by the
Council for New England--- He failed to
specify that the company headquarters
must be in England.
John Winthrop
1
st
Governor of the
Massachusetts Bay
Company
Great Migration
25,000 Puritans (about 4,000 families)
came to the New World to escape religious
persecution in England between 1630 and
1642.
A City Upon a Hill
The Puritans wished to be a city upon a
hill, an example to the world and fully
embody Gods truth.
Success of Massachusetts Bay Colony
Their success was largely due to the
character of the people, who were deeply
rooted in the teachings of the Bible.
Harvard College
1
st
institution of higher learning in
America to prepare young men
for the ministry
The Puritans led the way in the
education of young children in
colonial America because they
were concerned that everyone
should be able to read the Bible for
themselves.
Ole Deluder Satan Act
Established the first town school system in
America. The purpose was to defeat
Satan from keeping men from the
knowledge of the Scriptures.
All towns of at least 50 families had to hire a teacher to
teach their children to read and write.
Towns of at least 100 households had to establish a
Latin grammar school to provide an education for future
clergymen, preparing them for Harvard.
Evangelizing to the Indians
The charter for the Massachusetts Bay set
a goal of evangelizing to the natives.
John Eliot
Apostle to the Indians
Algonquin Bible
John Eliot translated the Bible in the native
language of the Indians. This became the
first Bible printed in America
Puritan Work Ethic
Belief that:
Man is called to work
All work has a sense of nobility
A Christian serves God best by working
diligently and faithfully in his calling
Pages 36-38
Thomas Hooker
He and his followers founded Hartford, Connecticut
Adopted the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut which was
considered the first written constitution in America.
Fundamental Orders of
Connecticut
Usually considered to be the first written
constitution in America
Roger Williams
Founder of Rhode Island
He promoted political
and religious freedom
He insisted that civil
government should
not interfere in
religious affairs

In 1635, the General Court found Roger Williams
guilty of new and dangerous ideas and banished
him from the colony. He spent a bitterly cold
winter in the wilderness with friendly Indians. In
Spring of 1636, he founded Providence.
A Key Into the Language of America
Published by
Roger Williams
in 1643. A guide
to learning the
Indian language
and winning
them to Christ.
Baptists
Stood for the idea that political authorities
should have no control over the churches
and for religious liberty for all
The first Baptist church in America was
founded in Rhode Island
The colony of Rhode Island set an
important precedent for political and
religious liberty
New England Confederation
League of Friendship
The first voluntary American union
Chief purpose of the New England
Confederation was to provide
mutual defense against:
Unfriendly Indians
The Dutch
The French

King Philips War
Angered by the sale of liquor to Indians and by
renegade whites in Massachusetts, King Philip, tried to
unite the Indian tribes against the settlers.

Sir Edmund Andros
Sent by King James to unite the New England colonies
under the Dominion of New England
Glorious Revolution

Marked the end of the absolute monarchy in
England and set the stage for
parliamentary government
Pages 39-41
Henry Hudson
First claimed the land that is now New York for the
Dutch.
Peter Minuit
Purchased Manhattan Island from the Indians for trading goods
worth about $24
New Netherland
New Amsterdam,
Fort Orange, and
other settlements
along the
Connecticut and
Delaware Rivers
made up the Dutch
colony of New
Netherland
Patroon System
Each patroon (owner or head of a company)
received a large tract of land along a
navigable river in exchange for transporting
50 people in the New World to settle on
that land.
New Sweden
First successful settlement in Delaware
Log Cabin
Early Swedish settlers introduced the log
cabin to America. The log cabin became a
lasting symbol of American frontier life.
The English considered the Dutch to
be intruders for a number of reasons:
1. New Netherland was in between English
colonies in the North and in the South.
2. The Dutch were trading fur with the
Indians.
3. They controlled the harbor at New
Amsterdam
4. John Cabot explored the area for England
before Henry Hudson did
Proprietary Colony
A colony granted to an English
nobleman by the King. The proprietor
could (within limits) govern the land as
he pleased.
English take control of New
Netherland
1664- King Charles II granted New
Netherland to his brother the Duke of York.
He sent a fleet of ships to take control of
the colony. The Dutch governor tried to
fight but the people did not support him, so
the English took over the colony of New
Netherland.

New York
Both New Netherland and the city of New
Amsterdam were renamed New York in
honor of the Duke of York.
Maryland
1
st
successful proprietary colony
George Calvert
First Lord Baltimore
Cecilius Calvert
Second Lord Baltimore
Leonard Calvert
1
st
Governor of Maryland
Toleration Act
Adopted by Maryland in 1649
Granted freedom of worship to all who
professed the name of Christ
Carolina
In 1663, King Charles II granted the land
south of Virginia to 8 noblemen. They
named the region Carolina.
North and South Carolina Split
In 1712, the land grant for Carolina was
officially divided into two separate colonies,
North and South Carolina.
Pages 41-44
When the Duke of York took over New
Netherland, he gave the area between the
Hudson and Delaware Rivers to Sir George
Carteret and Lord John Berkeley. They
called the land New Jersey.
Sir George Carteret & Lord John
Berkeley
To attract settlers to New Jersey, they offered land on
easy terms and religious freedom.
Quakers
Society of Friends. They followed no set
system of worship. They met in meeting
houses instead of formal churches. They
believed each man should follow his inner
light.
In 1681, Charles II granted a large piece of land
to William Penn as repayment for a debt owed
to Penns father. Charles II named the land
Pennsylvania, which means Penns Woods in
honor of William Penns father.
William Penn
Founded Pennsylvania
as a haven for Quakers where they could
practice religion free of harassment.


Philadelphia
City of Brotherly Love
Became an important trading center and the
largest city in the colonies
Delaware
The Duke of York gave William Penn land along the
lower Delaware River. He organized this land into the
colony of Delaware. This gave Pennsylvania access to
the Atlantic Ocean.
James Oglethorpe
Founder of Georgia
A wealthy and influential businessman with a kind
spirit.
Georgia
In 1732, King George II granted James Oglethorpe a
large piece of land to create a refuge where prisoners
who were too poor to pay off their debts could work to
pay them off. They named the colony Georgia in honor
of King George II.
Savannah
Founded in 1733 when Oglethorpe and the
first settlers arrived.
A Variety of people settled in Georgia.
Some sought political and religious
freedom, and some sought new economic
opportunity.
Georgia did not work out as Oglethorpe
had planned, because only about a dozen
settlers were actually debtor prisoners.

Many Georgia settlers were dissatisfied
with the small tracts of land Oglethorpe
gave them, and wanted free access to
large tracts of land.