Page2

Contents
2. Key Technologies of HSPA+
2.1 Downlink Enhanced L2
2.2 Downlink 64QAM
2.3 MIMO
2.4 Enhanced CELL_FACH Operation
2.5 CPC



Page3
Limitation of Original L2 Function
MIMO and 64QAM increase the DL rates on
the Uu interface. The original DL L2 function
cannot adapt to such high rates. To prevent L2
from becoming the bottleneck of network
performance, 3GPP Release 7 introduces
enhancements to L2.
Page4
Downlink Enhanced L2 in Release 7
Downlink enhanced L2 includes the following
two features:
Improving the RLC entity to support flexible RLC
PDU sizes
Adding a new entity, the MAC-ehs, implementing
data segmentation at the MAC layer, and
supporting the multiplexing of multiple priority
queues
Page5
Flexible RLC PDU size
With introduction of flexible RLC PDU sizes,
the RLC layer will not segment higher-layer
packets with sizes less than maximum RLC
PDU size (the maximum RLC PDU size is
configurable and maximum value is 1500
bytes). Thus, the RLC layer can flexibly adapt
to variations in traffic volume and reduce the
overhead of the RLC PDU header.
Page6
MAC-hs Entity (UTRAN side) in Release 6



MAC-hs
MAC Control

HS-DSCH
TFRC selection

Priority Queue
distribution

Associated Downlink
Signalling
Associated Uplink
Signalling
MAC-d flows
HARQ entity
Priority Queue
distribution


Priority
Queue



Priority
Queue



Priority
Queue



Priority
Queue


Scheduling/Priority handling
Page7
MAC-ehs Entity (UTRAN side) in Release 7



MAC-ehs
MAC Control

HS-DSCH
TFRC selection

Priority Queue
distribution

Associated
Downlink Signalling
Associated
Uplink Signalling
MAC-d flows

Priority
Queue


Scheduling/Priority handling

Priority
Queue



Priority
Queue


Segme
ntation

Priority Queue MUX

HARQ entity
Segme
ntation

Segme
ntation

Page8
Contents
2. Key Technologies of HSPA+
2.1 Downlink Enhanced L2
2.2 Downlink 64QAM
2.3 MIMO
2.4 Enhanced CELL_FACH Operation
2.5 CPC
Page9
Modulation Modes for HSPA+
Three modulation modes can be used for HS-PDSCH
64QAM allows more bits per
Symbol to be transmitted
Higher peak rate achieved in
good channel condition
Page10
CQI Mapping Table Change for 64QAM
CQI TBS Codes
Modulati
on
1 136 1 QPSK

25 14424 10 16-QAM
26 15776 10 64-QAM
27 21768 12 64-QAM
28 26504 13 64-QAM
29 32264 14 64-QAM
30 38576 15 64-QAM
64QAM configured 64QAM not configured
CQI TBS Codes
Modulati
on
1 137 1 QPSK

25 14411 10 16-QAM
26 17237 12 16-QAM
27 21754 15 16-QAM
28 23370 15 16-QAM
29 24222 15 16-QAM
30 25558 15 16-QAM
Page11
HS-SCCH Change for 64QAM
Channelization Code Set
Modulation Scheme
0: QPSK
1: 16QAM
MUX
HS-SCCH part 1
Channelization Code Set
Last bit: 0:16QAM
Last bit 1: 64QAM
Modulation Scheme
0: QPSK
1: QAM
MUX
HS-SCCH part 1
Release 6 Release 7
Page12
Prerequisites for Downlink 64QAM
UE capability
UE category 13, 14, 17 and 18 can support
downlink 64QAM.
Service type
64QAM modulation mode is only used for HSDPA
service.
Cell capability
The Serving cell must support downlink enhanced
L2 and 64 QAM.
Page13
Contents
2. Key Technologies of HSPA+
2.1 Downlink Enhanced L2
2.2 Downlink 64QAM
2.3 MIMO
2.4 Enhanced CELL_FACH Operation
2.5 CPC



Page14
What is MIMO?
MIMO: Multiple Input Multiple Output
Transmitter
Receiver

Wireless
Channel

N
M
Channel Condition Feedback
Page15
What can MIMO provide?
2*2 MIMO can increase peak data rate to
28Mbps
Transmitter
Receiver

Wireless Channel
Channel Condition Feedback
Data Stream 1
Data Stream 2
Page16
Effect of Channel Condition to MIMO
MIMO operation is affected by channel
condition of UE.
Only when the channel conditions are good,
two parallel data streams can be carried in
different transmitters. This is dual-stream case.
Otherwise only one data stream is carried
even though two transmitters are used. This is
single-stream case.
Page17
HSDPA with MIMO in Release 7
Operation is similar to Release 5 HSDPA, but with different signaling:
Via HS-DPCCH UE reports
Channel Condition
Preferred antenna weight
Dual stream or single stream preference
Based on UE report, NodeB
Determines number of data streams, TB size, modulation and coding scheme and
antenna weighting
Informs UE of the decision via HS-SCCH
NodeB transmits the data via HS-PDSCH channel.
Upon receiving the data, UE sends ACK/NACK via HS-DPCCH.
Page18
Illustration of 2*2 MIMO
Pre-coding
Pilot for channel
estimation
Page19
Pre-coding
In single-stream case pre-coding is used to
achieve transmit diversity. It is similar to
closed-loop transmit diversity.
In dual-stream case pre-coding is used to
reduce the interference between two
streams and try to make them orthogonal.
Four predefined antenna weighting vectors
are used, identified by PCI (Pre-coding
Indicator). NodeB decides which weighting
vector is used and inform UE.
Page20
Pilots for Channel Estimation
On each antenna, a common pilot channel
is transmitted. It is used to estimate the
channels between NodeB and UE.
In 2*2 MIMO mode the channel between
transmitter and receiver can be expressed
as the following format, where h
i,j
is the
estimate of

the channel between the
physical antenna i at the base station and
the antenna j at the UE.

2 , 2
2 , 1
1 , 2
1 , 1
h
h
h
h
H
Page21
HS-DPCCH Signaling
UE reports on HS-DPCCH
Preferred number of transport blocks
2 TBs = dual stream transmission
1 TBs = single stream transmission
Channel Quality Indicator (CQI)
Type A: provide CQI for each TB when 2 TBs are preferred
Type B: provide CQI when only one TB should be sent
Preferred pre-coding (Pre-coding Control Indication: PCI)
Indicate 1 of 4 predefined pre-coding vectors
ACK/NACK
If one TB was transmitted, UE sends one ACK or NACK
If two TBs were transmitted, UE reports one out of four possible values for
ACK/ACK, ACK/NACK, NACK/ACK, NACK/NACK
Each TB is acknowledged independently.
Page22
Two Types of CQI Feedback
Two types of CQI is reported by UE: type A and type B
In type A report, UE indicates:
Preferred pre-coding vectors (2 bits)
Preferred number of TBs per TTI
CQI (8 bits)
Old 31-level CQI report, if one TB is preferred
New 255-level CQI report, if two TBs is preferred
In type B report, UE indicates:
Preferred pre-coding vectors (2 bits)
CQI (5 bits)
Page23
Two Types of CQI Feedback (continued)
Type A Type A Type A Type A Type B Type A Type A Type A Type B Type A
Time
Configurtion N/M = 4/5, CQI feedback cycle = 1 (2ms)
Type A Type A Type B
Time
Configuration N/M = 2/3, CQI feedback cycle = 4 (8ms)
NodeB Configures UE to use N type A
reports every period of M CQI reports. UE
uses type B in remaining time.
The following are two examples for type A/B
reporting:

Page24
HS-SCCH Signaling Part 1
New HS-SCCH format Part 1
Transmitted in the first slot of the 3-slot HS-
SCCH TTI
Supports single stream (8 bits) or dual
streams (12bits)
For dual stream operation (12 bits)
Channelization code set (7 bits)
Modulation Scheme and number of TBs (3 bits)
Pre-coding vector (2 bits)

Page25
HS-SCCH Signaling Part 2
Transmitted in the second and third slots of
the HS-SCCH TTI
Supports single stream (12 bits) or dual
stream (20 bits)
For dual stream transmission (20 bits):
Transport block size (6 bits per TB)
HARQ IDs (4bits)
Redundancy version (2 bits per TB)
Page26
Prerequisites for MIMO
UE capability
UE category 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 and 20 can MIMO
Service type
MIMO modulation mode is only used for HSPDA
service.
Cell capability
The Serving cell must support downlink enhanced
L2 and MIMO.
Page27
Contents
2. Key Technologies of HSPA+
2.1 Downlink Enhanced L2
2.2 Downlink 64QAM
2.3 MIMO
2.4 Enhanced CELL_FACH Operation
2.5 CPC



Page28
Purpose of Enhanced CELL_FACH Operation
The RRC states of a UE in connected mode
include CELL_DCH, CELL_FACH, CELL_PCH, and
URA_PCH. HSPA significantly increases the
maximum achievable uplink and downlink
data rates, but only for UEs in CELL_DCH
states.
The purpose of the Enhanced CELL_FACH
feature is to extend the use of HSDPA function
to the CELL_FACH, CELL_PCH, and URA_PCH
state as well, allowing a more flexible
allocation of resources, increased data rates,
and reduced transmission delays. So far
RAN11 only supports HSDPA in CELL_FACH.
Page29
Benefits of Enhanced CELL_FACH Operation
UE can reduce the state transitions from
CELL_FACH to CELL_DCH
UE can receive high speed downlink traffic
(data or signaling) in CELL_FACH.
UL transmission is still possible in CELL_FACH
and uplink traffic (data or signaling) is carried
on RACH. (as in Release 6)
Page30
Logical Channel Mapping in Enhanced
CELL_FACH
DTCH BCCH DCCH CCCH
FACH
HS-DSCH
RAN10 RAN11
Page31
UE Reception in Enhanced CELL_FACH
UE can decode HS-SCCH using:
Dedicated H-RNTI (from prior dedicated RRC
signaling)
Or an H-RNTI selected from list of common H-
RNTI in SIB5
UE use HS-SCCH channelization code from
SIB5.
UE decodes HS-PDSCH to receive DL data
transmissions.
BCCH/CCCH/DTCH/DCCH
No Uplink ACK/NACK or CQI is transmitted.
Page32
State Transition Idle to CELL_FACH/CELL_DCH
UE procedures in state transition from idle to CELL_FACH/CELL_DCH
1. Read system information in SIB5
2. Sends an RRC Connection Request on PRACH to request PS service
3. Selects an H-RNTI from common H-RNTI listed, HS-SCCH channelization code from
SIB5.
4. Monitor HS-SCCH using selected common H-RNTI.
Decode HS-PDSCH to receive RRC Connection Setup.
5. Transitions to CELL_FACH or CELL_DCH based on the reconfiguration message.
Uses new assigned H-RNTI for further HS-PDSCH reception.
6. May receive subsequent data in CELL_FACH or CELL_DCH
Page33
Contents
2. Key Technologies of HSPA+
2.1 Downlink Enhanced L2
2.2 Downlink 64QAM
2.3 MIMO
2.4 Enhanced CELL_FACH Operation
2.5 CPC



Page34
CPC Motivation
CPC allows packet data users to remain in
CELL_DCH state to a larger extent, thus
avoiding frequent packet connection re-
establishments.
CPC motivation is mainly to allow more
efficient use of continuous packet data
connections:
Higher capacity
Lower UE battery consumption
Page35
What is CPC?
CPC adds three main features:
UL DTX (discontinuous uplink transmission)
DL DRX (discontinuous downlink reception)
HS-SCCH less operation
These three features are optional
UL DTX can be used alone or in combination with other
CPC features.
DL DRX can be used only if UL DTX is used.
HS-SCCH less operation can be used alone or in
combination with other CPC features.