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ODP500001 Principles of
the Routing Protocols
ISSUE 1.0
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The router is necessary in the
internet, and the main function of the
router is to interconnect different
networks together.
But how to realize it with a router?
And how can the IP packet be
transmitted from one network to
another?
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Upon completion of this course, you
will e !le to"

Un#erst!n# functions of the route

!n# routing t!le.

$now the configur!tion of st!tic

route !n# #ef!ult route
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hapter ! "oute and "outing Table hapter ! "oute and "outing Table
hapter # $tatic route hapter # $tatic route
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%h!t&s 'he Route(

) route is the p!th inform!tion to gui#e IP p!c*ets to e

tr!nsferre#.
+,,R1,-

R1
Destin!tion
networ* ,
Other networ*s
.ow to get ! route (
////use the routing t!le.
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'he Routing '!le Inform!tion
0Router1#ispl!y ip routing/t!le
Routing '!les"
Destin!tion2-!s* proto pref 3ost ,e4thop Interf!ce
0.0.0.020 S')'I3 50 0 10.0.1.1 Ethernet120
1.0.0.026 RIP 100 1 10.0.1.1 Ethernet120
1.1.1.0278 S')'I3 50 0 10.0.1.1 Ethernet120
1.1.1.1297 OSP: 10 7 10.0.1.1 Ethernet120
7.7.7.7297 DIRE3' 0 0 17;.0.0.1 In<oop=!c*0
10.0.1.0290 DIRE3' 0 0 10.0.1.7 Ethernet120
10.0.1.7297 DIRE3' 0 0 17;.0.0.1 In<oop=!c*0
17;.0.0.026 DIRE3' 0 0 17;.0.0.1 In<oop=!c*0
17;.0.0.1297 DIRE3' 0 0 17;.0.0.1 In<oop=!c*0
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Protocol

Direct route #isco>ere# y the lin*/l!yer protocol

St!tic route configure# m!nu!lly

Route #isco>ere# y the #yn!mic routing protocol

:or e4!mple" RIP, OSP:, IS/IS, =?P.

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Route Preference

'he route ot!ine# y the protocol of the highest preference is

preferre# !n# !##e# in the routing t!le.

the sm!ller the numeric!l >!lue, the higher the preference

E4cept the #irect route, preferences of !ll #yn!mic routing

protocols c!n e configure# m!nu!lly !ccor#ing to the users@
reAuirement.

=esi#es, preference of e!ch st!tic route m!y #iffer.

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Route Preference

'he routers pro#uce# y #ifferent m!nuf!cturers h!>e #ifferent

specific!tions on the preferences of the routing protocols.

Def!ult >!lue of Router series+BRP 5.1C"

"outing
Protocol
Preference
DIRE3' 0
OSP: 10
IS/IS 15
S')'I3 50
RIP 100
I=?P 755
OSP: )SE 150
E=?P 755
Untrustworthy 755
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Route -etric

'he route metric i#entifies the cost for !rri>ing !t the #estin!tion
!##ress. ?ener!lly, the route metric >!lue is influence# y"

<ine #el!y, !n#wi#th, line seiDure r!tio, #egree of line reli!ility,

hop count, -'U

'he metric >!lue of the st!tic route is 50.Different #yn!mic routing

protocols will select one or se>er!l f!ctor +sC to c!lcul!te the metric
>!lue.

'he metric >!lue is me!ningful for comp!rison of the routing

protocols of ! type. 'he metric >!lues of #ifferent routing protocols
!re not comp!r!le !n# thus no con>ersion rel!tionship e4ists
!mong them.
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Route -!tching :un#!ment!l

longest m!tching

preference

cost
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hapter ! "oute and "outing Table hapter ! "oute and "outing Table
hapter # $tatic route hapter # $tatic route
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St!tic Route 3onfigur!tion
%ote& only the interface of the ne't hop is of point(to(point nature )PPP,*+,- ,
can .interface/name0 be filled, otherwise, the .gateway/address0 must be filled.
1'ample&
ip route(static !#2.!.3.3 !4 !3.3.3.#
ip route(static !#2.!.3.3 #55.#55.3.3 !3.3.3.#
ip route(static !#2.!.3.3 !4 $erial #63
onfiguration command and configuration mode
7"outer8ip route(static .ip/address0 7 .mask0 9 .masklen0 8
.interface/name0 9 .gateway/address0 7 preference
.preference/:alue0 8 7 re;ect 9 blackhole 8
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E4!mple Of 'he St!tic Route

<n the "outer A route, configure

ip route/st!tic 17E.1.0.0 755.755.0.0 10.0.0.7 or

ip route/st!tic 17E.1.0.0 15 10.0.0.7 or

ip route/st!tic 17E.1.0.0 15 Seri!l 720

!#2.!.3.36!4
136!
"outer B
$#63
!3.3.3.#
"outer A
!3.3.3.!
$#63
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Def!ult Route

'he #ef!ult route is !lso ! st!tic route. In rief, it is use# when

no m!tche# route item c!n e foun# in the routing t!le.

In the internet, EE.EEF of the routers h!>e ! #ef!ult route.

It is not !lw!ys the st!tic route m!nu!lly configure#,

Sometimes, the #ef!ult route c!n e gener!te# y the #yn!mic
routing protocol.
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Def!ult Route
On the router ), configure
ip route/st!tic 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.0.0.7
Router )
.1
S721
10.0.0.026
S720
Router =
Pulic ,etwor*
.7
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Route Self/<oop

GRoute self/loopG refers to the c!se where ! p!c*et sent from !

router is forw!r#e# se>er!l times !n# then returns to the
origin!l router !g!in .

HRoute self/loopI is h!rmful to the networ*, !n# shoul# e

!>oi#e#.
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Route Self/<oop
Router )
10.0.0.02 6
S721
.7
S720
Router =
,etwor* ,
Pulic ,etwor*
.1
On the Router ) router , configure
ip route 70.0.0.0 6 10.0.0.7
On the Router = router, configure
ip route 70.0.0.0 6 10.0.0.1
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Juestions

.ow m!ny *in#s of Route origin!tion(

%h!t&s the #ef!ult route(

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Summ!ry

:unction of route !n# routing t!le

'he structure of the routing t!le

Principle of Route m!tching fun#!ment!l

St!tic route !n# #ef!ult route

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