Presented by-

Ruhi Dadarkar
Geetanjali Bangera
Vishakha kasekar
Sheetal Samant

What is trade union?
Trade Union is an association of workers formed
to protect the interest of workers.
Indian Trade Union act, 1926 defined Trade
Union as, Any combination, whether temporary
or permanent , formed primarily for the purpose
of regulating the relation between workmen and
employee or between workmen and workmen,
between employers and employers or for
imposing restrictive conditions on the conduct of
any trade or business, and includes any federation
of two or more trade unions .
Evolution
Trade union movement in India
may be traced back to 1890, when
Shri N.M.Lokhande organised in
mumbai The Bomboy Mill Hands
Association organised trade
union
The decision of the madras high
court in the Buckingham and
carnatic Mills case focused public
attention to the necessity of giving
legal recognition to worker right.
On the initiative of Shri N.M.Joshi the
legislative assembly adopted a resolution
on 1
st
March 1921 to take steps to
introduce legislative for the registration
of trade union and protection of bonafide
trade union activities
The Central Government ,after
consulting Provincial Governments
introduce it in the assembly on 31
st

August ,1925
It was passed on 25
th
March 1926 and
indian trade union act 1926 was brought
into foece on 1
st
june 1927
Central organisations of workers in
India

The Indian National Trade Union
Congress (INTUC)
The All India Trade Union
Congress (AITUC).
The Hind Mazdoor Sabha (HMS)
The United Trade Union Congress
(UTUC)
Centre for Indian Trade Unions
(CITU).
Bhartiya Mazdoor Sangh (BMS)




Registration Process
Appointment
of Registrars.
Mode of
registration
Application
for
registration
Provisions to
be contained
in the rules
of a Trade
Union
Power to call
for further
particulars
and to
require
alterations
of names
Registration
Certificate of
registration
Functions
Broadly speaking, trade unions perform two
types of functions
Funtions

Militant
functions


Fraternal
functions

Militant Functions
One set of activities performed by trade unions leads to
the betterment of the position of their members in relation
to their employment.
The aim of such activities is to ensure adequate wages,
secure better conditions of work and employment, get
better treatment from employers, etc
Fraternal Functions
Another set of activities performed by
trade unions aims at rendering help to its
members in times of need, and improving
their efficiency
Trade unions try to foster a spirit of
cooperation and promote friendly
relations and diffuse education and culture
among their members
e.g., school for the education of children,
library, reading-rooms, in-door and out-
door games, and other recreational
facilities.
Other functions are
Social Functions: Some unions have now started
undertaking and organising welfare activities and also
providing variety of services to their members and sometimes
to the community of which they are a part.
Political functions: These functions include affiliating the
union with a political party, helping the political party in
enrolling members, collecting donations, seeking the help of
political parties during the periods of strikes and lockouts.
Why people join trade union?

Greater Bargaining Power
- One individual employee possesses
very less bargaining power
- But Union is Strength

Make their Voices Heard
- collective voices of workers is heard
by the management

Minimise Discrimination
- Trade Union compel the
management to formulate personnel
policies that press for equality of
treatment to the workers
Sense of Security
- Secure adequate protection from various types of hazards
- compel the management to invest in welfare services for workers

Sense of Participation
- employee can participate in management
- they can also be part of decision making by collective bargaining

Sense of Belongingness
- members of trade union gain respect in the eyes of other workers
- They can also discuss their problems with the trade union leader
Weakness of trade union

Uneven Growth
- Trade unions are popular in big
industries
- concentration of trade unions in
some states because of
concentration of industries in
those states

Limited Membership
- any seven workers can make
trade union
- rivalry among the leaders of
trade unions





Multiplicity of Unions
- causes inter-union rivalry
- workers lose interest in unionism

Outside Leadership
- they satisfy their political interests
- disputes are solved by political intervention

Financial Problems
- low and adequate income
- subscription fees are kept less so that more workers can join

Indifferent Attitude of Workers
- large no. of workers do not join the union
- attendance at general meeting is also less
Remedies

One Union in One Industry
- multiplicity of union leads to inter-union rivalry
- it also weakens collective bargaining

Paid Union Officials
- payment will motivate the officials to do full justice to the task

Development of Leadership from Within
- no outside leadership
- leader should be appointed within the workers

Recognition of Trade Unions
- employers refused recognition to the trade unions
- on the basis of minority of employees
- or two or more union exists