6.

3 Integration By Parts
Badlands, South Dakota
Greg Kelly, Hanford High School, Richland, Washington Photo by Vickie Kelly, 1993
6.3 Integration By Parts
Start with the product rule:

d dv du
uv u v
dx dx dx


d uv u dv v du

d uv v du u dv

u dv d uv v du


u dv d uv v du



u dv d uv v du

u dv uv v du

This is the Integration by Parts
formula.

u dv uv v du

The Integration by Parts formula is a product rule for
integration.
u differentiates to
zero (usually).
dv is easy to
integrate.
Choose u in this order: LIPET
Logs, Inverse trig, Polynomial, Exponential, Trig

Example 1:
cos x x dx

polynomial factor
u x
du dx
cos dv x dx
sin v x
u dv uv v du

LIPET
sin cos x x x C
u v v du

sin sin x x x dx

Example:
ln x dx

logarithmic factor
ln u x
1
du dx
x

dv dx
v x
u dv uv v du

LIPET
ln x x x C
1
ln x x x dx
x

u v v du

This is still a product, so we

need to use integration by
parts again.
Example 4:
2

x
x e dx

u dv uv v du

LIPET
2
u x
x
dv e dx
2 du x dx
x
v e
u v v du

2
2
x x
x e e x dx

2
2
x x
x e xe dx

u x
x
dv e dx
du dx
x
v e

2
2
x x x
x e xe e dx

2
2 2
x x x
x e xe e C

Example 5:
cos
x
e x dx

LIPET
x
u e sin dv x dx

x
du e dx cos v x
u v v du

sin sin
x x
e x x e dx

sin cos cos
x x x
e x e x x e dx

x
u e
cos dv x dx

x
du e dx sin v x
sin cos cos
x x x
e x e x e x dx

This is the
expression we
started with!

uv v du
Example 6:
cos
x
e x dx

LIPET
u v v du

cos
x
e x dx

2 cos sin cos

x x x
e x dx e x e x

sin cos
cos
2
x x
x
e x e x
e x dx C

sin sin
x x
e x x e dx

x
u e sin dv x dx

x
du e dx cos v x
x
u e
cos dv x dx

x
du e dx sin v x
sin cos cos
x x x
e x e x e x dx

sin cos cos
x x x
e x e x x e dx

Example 6:
cos
x
e x dx

u v v du

This is called solving

for the unknown
integral.
It works when both
factors integrate and
differentiate forever.

cos
x
e x dx

2 cos sin cos

x x x
e x dx e x e x

sin cos
cos
2
x x
x
e x e x
e x dx C

sin sin
x x
e x x e dx

sin cos cos

x x x
e x e x e x dx

sin cos cos
x x x
e x e x x e dx

A Shortcut: Tabular Integration

Tabular integration works for integrals of the form:

f x g x dx

where:
Differentiates to
zero in several
steps.
Integrates
repeatedly.

2

x
x e dx

& deriv. f x

& integrals g x
2
x
2x
2
0
x
e
x
e
x
e
x
e

2

x
x e dx

2 x
x e 2
x
xe 2
x
e
C
Compare this with
the same problem
done the other way:

Example 5:
2

x
x e dx

u dv uv v du

LIPET
2
u x
x
dv e dx
2 du x dx
x
v e
u v v du

2
2
x x
x e e x dx

2
2
x x
x e xe dx

u x
x
dv e dx
du dx
x
v e

2
2
x x x
x e xe e dx

2
2 2
x x x
x e xe e C
This is easier and quicker to
do with tabular integration!

3
sin x x dx

3
x
2
3x
6x
6
sin x
cos x
sin x
cos x

sin x
3
cos x x
2
3 sin x x
6 cos x x 6sin x + C
p