ORA000002 CDMA Communication Flow (NSS) ISSUE1.3

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ORA000002 CDMA
Communication
flows( NSS)
ISSUE 1.3
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved
Page 2
Upon completion of this course, you will be able to:
Understand the basic flows of CDMA
Understand the information name
Understand the meaning of important parameters
Improve the capabilities of problem analysis and fault
location according to the flows
Memorize the abbreviation of messages .
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Chapter 1 Brief introduction of CDMA Flows
Chapter 2 Communication flows of CDMA
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Brief introduction of CDMA flows
Registration flows
Authentication flows
Calling flows
Handoff flows
Supplementary service flows
Short message flows
Basic CDMA flows
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Brief introduction of CDMA flows
Mobile phone power on/off: location updating flows and authentication flows
Mobile phone calling: calling flows and authentication flows
Migration in the conversation: handoff flows and authentication flows
Mobile phone hooks up : calling flows
Short message: short message flows and authentication flows
Supplementary service: supplementary service flows and authentication
flows
The flows that the main services may involved in are as follows:
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Chapter 1 Brief introduction of CDMA Flows
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2.1 Location registration flows
2.2 Authentication flows
2.3 Calling flows
2.4 Handoff flows
2.5 Supplementary service flows
2.6 Short message flows
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Location Registration flow( involve VLR and HLR)
LOCATION UPDATE REQ: Location Update Request
REGNOT : Register Notification
LOCATION UPDATE ACCEPT: Location update Accept
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Location Registration flow ( Cross VLR)
REGNOT : Register Notification
REGCANC: Register Cancellation
LOC ACP: Location update Accept
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Location Registration flow for Switch off
MSINACT: MS inactive
LOCATION UPDATE ACCETP: location update accept
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Questions
Why not all the location registrations are sent to
HLR?
What is the meaning of MSCID in the location
registration message, and what is the function ?
Why does the switch off message need to be
registered ?
Page 12
Answers
Question 1: Not all the requests of location registrations are sent to HLR.
If the subscribers data has already existed in VLR and the subscriber is
activated, the registration is processed by VLR. Otherwise the
registration requests are sent to HLR, and processed by HLR.

Question 2: MSCID is the identification of MSC mainly including
SID( System Identification) and SWNO( Switch No.). It uniquely
identifies one switch entity, and is used to determine whether the MS is
roaming.

Question 3: Switch off registration are mainly used to inform HLR that
the subscriber has already powered off. If other subscribers call it,
system can send the access refuse directly to the calling party according
to the subscribers status in HLR.
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2.3 Calling flows
2.4 Handoff flows
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The Parameters in Authentication
Parameters involved in authentication: RAND, RANDC, ESN, MIN,
SSD
Parameters involved in SSD updating: A_KEY, RANDSSD, ESN,
RANDBS, RANDU
Random number involved in authentication: RAND, RANDC,
RANDSSD, RANDBS, RANDU
Authentication results in authentication: AUTHR, AUTHBS,
AUTHU

Page 15
Generation of Authentication Parameters
Authentication Parameters generated by HLRRANDSSD
RANDU (When SSD is not shared )

Authentication Parameters generated by MSC/VLRRAND
RANDU (When SSD is shared )

Authentication Parameters generated by BSCRAND

Authentication Parameters generated by MSRANDBSRANDC
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SSD Algorism:
RNADSSD
56bits
ESN
32bits
SSD Algorism
SSD_A SSD_B
64 bits 64 bits
A_Key
64bits
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CAVE (Cellular Authentication and Voice Encryption)
RNAD_CHALLENGE
32 bits
ESN
32 bits
CAVE
AUTHR/AUTHU/AUTHBS
18 bits
AUTH_DATA
24 bits
SSD
64 bits
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Authentication flow when SSD is not shared
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Authentication flow when SSD is shared
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SSD Update when SSD is not shared
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SSD Update when SSD is shared
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Questions
What is the meaning of SSD_sharing?
How does the SSD_sharing influence the authentication flows?
Why is the SSD update flow introduced?
Describe the SSD update flow when SSD is not shared.
Page 23
Answers
Question 1: SSD_sharing means that the SSD is stored in VLR.
Question 2 : whether the SSD is shared determines where the
authentication is done. If SSD is shared, authentication is able to be
done at the VLR, else this work is done at the AC.
Question 3: The introduction of SSD update flows is mainly for the
protection of invalid authentication when SSD is stolen.
Question 4: Please refers to slide introduced before.
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2.3 Calling flows
2.4 Handoff flows
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MS calls MS ( in local MSC)
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MS calls MS ( cross MSC)
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MS calls PSTN
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PSTN calls MS
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Questions
What is the difference between the local call and
inter-office call?

Please describe the flows triggered when the MS
registered in Beijing makes a call in Shenzheng.
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Answers
Question 1: There are two essential differences between
Intra-office mobile calling and Inter-office mobile calling: one is
that whether the location request message carry the TLDN or
not, local office assigns the TLDN in intra-office calling flows,
the called office assigns the TLDN in inter-office calling flows;
the other is that whether the signals route outgoing according
as the TLDN.

Question 2: Location Register flow, Authentication flow,
Calling flow
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2.3 Calling flows
2.4 Handoff flows
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HandOff flow on A interface in one BSC
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HandOff flow on A interface between BSCs
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Forward HandOff
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Backward HandOff
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HandOff to Third Party
Page 37
Questions
What is the difference between Forward HandOff
and Backward HandOff?
When does the third parties handoff happen?
What is the main function of FACDIR

Page 38
Answers
Question 1: the Forward Handoff is that MS handoff from the serving
MSC to a new target MSC; and the Backward HandOff is that MS
handoff from the serving MSC to the primary controlling MSC.

Question 2: Whether HandOff to Third Party happens depends on the
startup standard value of Third Party HandOff and handoff depth
together, when the current handoff times, viz. the handoff depth equal to
the startup standard value of Third Party Handoff, the MS will handoff to
the third party.

Question 3: FACDIR is used to set up inter_office handoff circuits,
which is MAP circuit.
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2.3 Calling flows
2.4 Handoff flows
Page 40
FEATURE SERVICE
Page 41
Call Forwarding Unconditional( CFU)
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Call Forwarding Busy( CFB)
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Call Forwarding No Answer ( CFNA)
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Call Forwarding Default( CFD)
Note:
In the following cases, the call does not be connected to the serving MSC when the CFD
is subscribed.
1. Do-not-Disturb Service has been activated
2. MS has not registered
3. MS has been deactivated
4. Dont activate calling transfer
Page 45
Conference Call(CC)
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Message Waiting Notification(MWN)
Page 47
Questions
What is the priority of 4 types of call forwarding?
What is the difference between CFNA and CFB ?
In Conference Call flow, if a user exits, will the
conference call terminated?

Page 48
Answers
Question 1: CFU>CFB>CFNA>CFD

Question 2: There are two differences between CFNA and CFB :
CFNA has gotten a TLDN and set up a call to the
called office, while CFB dose not get any TLDN from
the HLR to which the called MS belongs;
Forwarded-to number of CFNA is retrieved by the
calling MSC from the HLR to which the called MS
belongs, while in CFB, it is sent by the HLR to which
the called MS belongs directly.
Question 3: In CC, if the main controlling user exits, the
conference call terminates; but if a common user exits, other
users continue the conference call.
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2.3 Calling flows
2.4 Handoff flows
Page 50
MS Sends Short Message in Access Channel
BSS MSC MC
ADDS Transfer
SMSDPP
smsdpp(ack)
ADDS Page
Page 51
MS Sends Short Message in Service Channel
BSS MSC MC
ADDSDeliver
SMSDPP
smsdpp(ack)
ADDSDeliver Ack
Page 52
MS Receives Short Message in Paging Channel
BSS HLR MC MSC
SMSREQ
smsreq
SMSDPP
ADDSPage
ADDSPageAck
smsdpp
Page 53
MS Receives Short Message in Service Channel

BSS

HLR

MC

MSC

SMSREQ
smsreq
SMSDPP
ADDS Deliver
ADDS Deliver Ack
smsdpp

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Questions
1. If the subscriber receives an extremely short
message during conversation, which channel is
used to deliver the Short message?
2. What is the influence of the length of the short
message when a MS originates a short message?
Page 55
Answers
Question 1: ADDS Deliver Message.
Question 2: The length of the short message may
affect the A_interface message . If the length of the
short message is less than a certain threshold, it is
sent from the access channel using the ADDS
transfer message; if the length is more than a
certain threshold, it is sent from the service channel,
using the ADDS deliver message.
Page 56
Review
This section mainly describes common flows of
CDMA including: location registration,
authentication, calling, handoff, supplementary
services and short message.
Describing the important messages and
parameters in each flow.
Page 57
References
IOS40 Interface A Specifications
ANSI41D Interface C/D
Specifications
ANSI-664 Supplementary Service
www.huawei.com
Thank You

ORA000002 CDMA Communication Flow (NSS) ISSUE1.3

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