DEGREES OF COMPARISON[Tingkat

perbandingan untuk Adjective / Adverb]

Adjective: Kata sifat yang menjelaskan
benda

Adverb : Kata keterangan yang menjelaskan
kata kerja
The three degrees of comparison of
modifiers are:
A. The positive degree
B. The comparative degree
C. The superlative degree
A. Positive Degree
[Membandingkan 2 benda yang se / tidak se]
*Equal comparison: An equal comparison indicates that the two entities are (or are not if
negative) exactly the same. The following rule generally applies to this type of comparison.

E.g. - He is as tall as his father
- He is not as tall as his father

* Note: sometimes you may see so instead of as before the adjective or adverb in
negative comparison

E.g. - He is not as tall as his father
OR
- He is not so tall as his father

* Note: Remember that the subject form of the pronoun will always be used
after as in correct English

E.g. Peter is as tall as I You are as old as she




Subject + verb + as + {adjective} + as + {noun}
adverb Pronoun
Examples of equal comparisons:
My book is as interesting as yours (adjective)
His car runs as fast as a race car (adverb)
John sings as well as his sister (adverb)
Their house is as big as that one (adjective)
His job is not as difficult as mine
OR (adjective)
His job is not so difficult as mine
They are as lucky as we (adjective)




The same idea can also be conveyed in
another way;
Note: As high as means the same as the same height as
- My house is as high as his
- My house is the same height as his
- His father is as old as mine
- His father is the same age as mine
Be sure that you know the following adjectives and
their corresponding nouns

Subject + verb + the same + (noun) + as + {noun}
Pronoun
*Tall: manusia, pohon, bangunan / gedung; selain itu ~> high
Adjective Noun
Far near Distance
Heavy light Weight
Tall short Height
High low Height
Cheap expensive Price
Fast quick slow Speed
Long short Length
Old new young Age
Deep shallow Depth
Big / large small Size
Round square triangle Shape
Good bad Quality
Wide narrow Widht
Cold hot Temperature
White blue Colour
NOTE: Remember that the opposite of
the same as is different from. NEVER
use different than
Examples of the same as and different from;

These trees are the same as those
He speaks the same language as she
Her address is the same as Ritas
Their teacher is different from ours
My typewriter types the same as yours
She takes the same courses as her husband

2. Comparative Degree (lebihdaripada)
Unequal comparison: this type of comparative
implies that the entities are comparable in a greater or lesser
degree
NOTE: The er suffix means exactly the same as more.
Therefore, they can NEVER be used together. It is
NOT CORRECT to say:
more prettier, more faster, more better
S + verb + {adjective + er} + than + {noun}
{adverb + er*} {pronoun}
{more + adjective / adverb}
{less + adjective / adverb}
Examples:
Johns grades are higher than his sisters {adjective}
Today is hotter than yesterday {adjective}
This chair is more comfortable than the other {adjective}
He speaks Spanish more fluently than I {adverb}
He visits his family less frequently than she does {adverb}
This years exhibit is less impressive than last years {adjective}

Unequal comparison can be further intensified by adding much or far
before the comparative form
E.g. - Harrys watch is much nicer than mine
- Your house is far more expensive than mine
- She dances much more artistically than her instructor
- His radio is far better than yours
Words of one syllable get er and est
Words of two syllables, ending in;
-le {simple ~ simpler ~ simplest}
-ow {narrow ~ narrower ~ narrowest}
-er {clever ~ cleverer ~ cleverest}
-y {happy ~ happier ~ happiest}
-some {handsome ~ handsomer ~ handsomest}
GET er and est
Words of three syllables, get;
MORE ; MOST
- dangerous ~ more dangerous ~ most dangerous
- beautiful ~ more beautiful ~ most beautiful

Doubled comparatives:
the + comparative + subject + verb + the + comparative + subject + verb
- The hotter it is, the more miserable I feel
- The bigger they are, the harder they fall
- The sooner you take the medicine, the better you will feel


the more + subject + verb + the + comparative + subject + verb
- The more diligently you study, the smarter you will become
- The more he slept, the more irritable he became
3. Superlative Degree (Paling)
In the superlative degree, three or more
entities are compared, one of which is
superior of inferior to the others. The
following rule applies;
S + Verb + the + {adjective + est} + {in / of + singular / plural count noun}
{most + adjective}
{least + adjective}
NOTE:
Adverbs usually are not followed
by er or est. instead, they are
compared by adding more or
less for the comparative degree,
and by adding most or least to
form the superlative
Examples:
These shoes are the least expensive in this
shop
John is the tallest boy in the family
Deana is the shortest of the three sisters
Sally drove the most cautiously of all
That child behaves the most carelessly of the
group