MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series

Feeder Management Relays

Stafford
Krishnakumar VENKATARAMAN
J uly, 2011
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 2
MiCOM 40 Series :
Building blocks for a total solution
MiCOM_2
P340 Generator Protection Relays
P440 Distance Protection Relays
P540 Line Differential and Unit Protection
P940 Frequency Protection Relays
P240 Universal Motor Protection Relay
P840 Autoreclose Relays
P740 Busbar Protection Relays
P140 Feeder Management Relays
P640 Transformer Differential Protection
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 3
MiCOM 40 Series
Comprehensive Protection Solutions at all Power System levels:
Generation
Integrated Generator Protection
Transmission
Distance Protection
Line Differential
Distribution
Feeder Management
Loadshedding
Industrial
Motor Management
Interconnection Protection
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 4
Features for Flexible Solutions
Programmable
LEDs
Programmable
Scheme Logic
Secure Comprehensive
Recording
Flexible
Communications
Configurable
Interface
Dual Rated
CT Inputs
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 5
MiCOM 40 Series Benefits
Optimised Costs
High Level of Integration
Increased Plant Availability
Comprehensive Monitoring
Post Fault Analysis Tools
Condition Based Maintenance
Adaptable to evolving systems
Flexibility
Download/monitor port
Minimal Spares Holding
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 6
MiCOM 40 Series Benefits
Familiarity





Common Protection
Elements

Product Evolution

Common Hardware
Menu Access & Navigation
Support Software
Technical Documentation
Reduced Training

Settings
Structure
New Products
New Communications Options
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 7
Front Panel
Programmable
LEDs
Alarm viewer
Menu browser
Fixed
function
LEDs
Security seal
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 8
P145 Features - New User Interface
Tri-Color LEDS
Alarm viewer
Menu browser
Fixed function
LEDs
Function Keys
HotKeys
Tri-Color LEDS
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 9
MiCom ALSTOM Offering: Feeder Protection
Selector
With voltage vector
Shift & dynamic line rating
?
One box solution
With mimic diagram
?
Autoreclose required
?
Check
Synchronism
Required?
Function keys for
control & test operations
Required?
8 binary inputs
+8 relay contacts
Sufficient ?
P341
Distributed Generation
Interconnection
Feeder Protection
C264P
Feeder relay with
Integrated bay control
P145
Feeder Management
Relay with autoreclose,
Check synchronism
& Function keys
P141
Feeder management
relay
P142
Feeder management
Relay with autoreclose
P143
Feeder management
Relay with autoreclose
& check synchronism
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
No
No
No
No
Yes
No
START
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 10
MiCom ALSTOM Offering: Voltage & Frequency Protection
With IEC 61850
Protocol?
Selector
No
P941
Voltage & Frequency
Management relay
8 binary inputs
+8 relay contacts
Sufficient?
P943
Voltage & Frequency
Management relay
Function key for
contact & test operation
Required?
P145
Feeder management relay
With auto-reclose, check
synchronism
& function keys
Yes
No
No
No
P141
Feeder Management
relay
Yes
Yes
P143
Feeder management relay
With auto-reclose
& Check synchronism
P142
Feeder management relay
With auto reclose
Yes
Yes
No
START
16 binary inputs
+14 relay contacts
Sufficient ?
Sum total of
binary I/O points required
greater than 23?
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 11
P14x Features
Comprehensive Feeder Protection



PROTECTION FUNCTIONS OVERVIEW P141 P142 P143 P144 P145
50/51/67
Dir / Non dir, Inst. / time delayed phase O/C (Six
stages)
50N/51N/67N Dir / Non dir, Inst. / time delayed earth fault
67N Sensitive directional earthfault
67W Wattmetric earthfault
YN Neutral admittance protection
64 Restricted earthfault
Blocked overcurrent
Selective overcurrent
Cold load pickup
51V Voltage controlled overcurrent
46 Dir / Non dir, negative sequence O/C
49 RMS thermal overload
37P/37N Phase and Neutral undercurrent
27 Under Voltage
59 Over Voltage
59N Residual Over Voltage (Neutral displacement)
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 12
P14x Features
Comprehensive Feeder Protection



PROTECTION FUNCTIONS OVERVIEW P141 P142 P143 P144 P145
47 Negative sequence over voltage
81U Under Frequency (9 stages)
81O Over Frequency (9 stages)
81R
Rate of change of frequency protection (9
stages)
81RF
Freq. sup. rate of change of freq.
protection (9 stages)
81RAV
Average rate of change of freq. protection
(9stages)

Frequency based load restoration (9
stages)
BC Broken Conductor
50BF Circuit Breaker Failure
VTS Voltage transformer supervision
CTS Current transformer supervision
49SR Silicon rectifier overload protection
79 4 shot 3 pole auto reclose -
25 Check synchronising - - -
2nd harmonic blocking
32R/32L/32O Phase segregated power
Sensitive power
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 13
P14x Features
Comprehensive Feeder Protection



FUNCTIONS OVERVIEW P141 P142 P143 P144 P145
Rate of change of voltage protection
128 virtual inputs
Logic gates quantity (maximum) 300 300 300 300 300
SR gates (maximum) 128 128 128 128 128
Read Only Mode
Function keys - - - - 10
Programmable LEDs (tricolour) - - - - 18
Digital inputs (maximum)* 8 16 32 32
Output relays (maximum)* 8 15 32 32
Front communication port (RS232)
Rear communication port (RS485/Optic/Ethernet)*
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 14
P14x Features
Comprehensive Feeder Protection



FUNCTIONS OVERVIEW P141 P142 P143 P144 P145
Second rear communication port (RS232/RS485)* Option Option Option Option Option
Redundant rear Ethernet port (optical) Option Option Option Option Option
Time Synchronisation port (IRIGB mod/demod)* Option Option Option Option Option
InterMiCOM teleprotection Option Option Option Option Option







ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 15
Management or Protection?
Measurements
Self Diagnostics
& Commissioning
Tools
Bay Monitoring
& Control
Communications
Fault
Analysis Tools
Comprehensive
Protection
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 16
Comprehensive Protection
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 17
Protection Needs
Solid
PR0 PP0 TP0
TPI
PPI
PRI
B/S
Resistive
Petersen
coil
TR0
TRI
Protection functionality required is
system dependent
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 18
Plain Radial Feeders
Time delayed phase overcurrent
Time delayed earth fault
Thermal overload
Auto-reclose (Auto-reclose
with sequence co-ordination)
Breaker failure
Broken conductor detection
Negative sequence overcurrent
51
51N
49

79
50BF
46
46BC
CB
CB
Busbar Busbar
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 19
REF CT
SBEF CT
Transformers/Transformer Feeders
Instantaneous phase O/C
Time Delayed Standby
Earth Fault
Restricted Earth Fault
50
64
51SBEF
LBCB
HVCB
Busbar Busbar
Inrush Blocking
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 20
67
67N
Directional phase O/C
Directional earth fault
Parallel Feeders
LVCB HVCB
REF CT
SBEF CT
LVCB HVCB
REF CT
SBEF CT
Busbar Busbar
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 21
Overcurrent Protection
Fully flexible overcurrent protection
Six independent stages
Choice of directionality (per stage)
Operative for close-up faults
Enhanced flexibility for
schemes
e.g. Blocked overcurrent protection
Parallel feeders
Current
T
0
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 22
Overcurrent Protection (2)
Six independent stages
IDMT/DT stage 1, 2 & 5
DT on stages 3, 4 & 6
Each stage:
Non directional
Directional forward
Directional reverse
Memory polarising
IEC & IEEE IDMT curves
IEC Curves
Current (Multiples of Is)
0.1
1
10
100
1000
1 100 10
Operating Time (s)
IEC SI
IEC VI
IEC EI
IEC LTS
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 23
Overcurrent Protection (3)
Comprehensive setting ranges
8% - 400% stages 1, 2 & 5
8% - 3200% stages 3, 4 & 6
TMS range: 0.025 to 1.2
Time dial: 0.01 to 100
Definite time: 0 to 100s
Phase segregated contacts/indication
Per stage starts & blocking inputs
Adjustable reset time
IEEE Curves
0.1
1
10
100
1 10 100
Current (Multiples of Is)
Operating Time (s)
US MI
US VI
US EI
US I
US SI
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 24
Application of Two IDMT Curves (1)
First IDMT Curve I>1 FWD
Busbar
CB 3 CB 1
Busbar
CB 4 CB 2
CB 5
67 Second IDMT Curve I>2
67
3
4
P141
1
P141
2
P142
5
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 25
67 First IDMT Curve I>1 FWD
67 Second IDMT Curve I>2 67
Busbar
CB 3 CB 1
Busbar
CB 4 CB 2
CB 5
3
4
P141
1
P141
2
P142
5
Application of Two IDMT Curves (2)
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 26
Overcurrent Protection
Current setting
Existing practices
Sensitivity
Relay thermal withstand
Load current reversal
Time setting
IDMT
Definite time
Time
1/2
3/4
5
3/4
DIR
I
FL

I
3f LV
I
3f HV
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 27
Earth Fault Protection
Standard E/F
Derived
Directional
E/F Derived
Sensitive E/F
Standard E/F
Measured
Sensitive
Directional E/F
Directional
E/F Measured
Wattmetric E/F
High Impedance
REF
Low Impedance
REF
Neutral Voltage
Displacement
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 28
51
51N
Time delayed phase overcurrent
Time delayed earth fault (EF2)
51SEF
Sensitive earth fault
64
Frame Leakage (EF1)
64
Trf. Restricted E/F
(low impedance differential)
Earth Fault Application
Frame Leakage
Busbar
Busbar Frame
SEF
EF1
Frame to
earth Fault
(EF2) a,b,c
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 29
51N Time delayed earth fault (EF2) = BACKUP TRIP
51SEF
SEF Pick up + 64
Frame Leakage (EF1) = TRIP
Earth Fault Application
Frame Leakage
Busbar
Busbar Frame
SEF
EF1
Frame to
earth Fault
(EF2) a,b,c
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 30
Application DEF
Negative Sequence Polarisation
Busbar
CB CB
Busbar
CB CB
P141
1
P141
2
3
4
3 Limb VT
Fault direction is determined by comparison of
the Negative Phase Sequence (NPS) voltage
with NPS current
Directional earth fault 67N
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 31
LV HV
CB
Residual Overvoltage
(Neutral Displacement)
A Phase to
Earth Fault
59
5 Limb VT
V
A
59
CB
Busbar




Application of Residual Overvoltage
Protection (Neutral Displacement)
V
B
V
C
V
A
Trip CB
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 32
Earth Fault Protection
Example Scheme: Benefits
Line CTs for DEF and non-DEF
Single neutral CT for SBEF and low Z REF
No external differential connection
Different ratios permissible
Polarising options for DEF
Allows 3-limb VTs
1000/1A
200/1A
1000/1A
IDMT DEF
IDMT E/F
SBEF
Low Z REF

High Z REF
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 33
Low Impedance REF (1)
No stabilising resistor
No non linear resistors
Line CTs - Ratio 1000/1
F
In
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 34
Back-Up Protection
Two options are available in P14* relays:-
Voltage controlled overcurrent
Relatively simple to set
Requires sufficient voltage dip for initiation
Negative phase sequence overcurrent
Not dependent on voltage dip
Responsive to phase-phase or phase-earth faults
Directional capability
More complex setting calculation
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 35
Problems:-
Fault current may be less than rating of incomer
Grading with generator protection
Grading on interconnected systems
Back-Up Protection (1)
P14*
11kV
Busbar
P14*
100A
100A
100A
Load
Load
Load
3.3kV
Fault
2MVA
5%
2000A
Source
Load
100A
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 36
Application Voltage Controlled Overcurrent Protection (51V)
Voltage Controlled Overcurrent
CB 2
CB 2
CB 3
51V 51V
CB2
CB2
I
substation full load

Time
CB 3
Busbar
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 37
HV LV
CB
Negative sequence
overcurrent
46
Earth Fault
46
I1 + I2 + I0
I1 + I2
I0
Application
Negative Sequence Overcurrent
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 38
Circuit Breaker Failure
Two stage
Fast reset
External initiation
Blocking scheme compatible
Backtrip
Retrip
Trip
From other device
BF
INIT
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 39
Overload Protection (1)
Overcurrent protection designed for fault condition
Thermal replica provides better protection for overload
Current based
Flexible characteristics
Single or dual time constant
Reset facility
Non-volatile

Current
Time
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 40
Voltage Protection (1)
Reasons for voltage deviations:
Regulation problems
Load variation
Fault conditions
Requirements of protection depends upon application:
Line or phase voltage measurement
Operation for all or any phase
Suitable time delays
Alarm/Trip
P14* under/over voltage elements suitable for all
applications
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 41
Application
Negative Sequence Overvoltage
Motor
CB
Negative Sequence Overvoltage
Loss of upstream phase supply
47
Motor
47
a
b
c
Block
CB Close
Busbar
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 42
Broken Conductor Protection (1)
Majority of system faults are a result of short circuits
Easily detectable
Possibility of open circuit faults exist
Difficult to detect with conventional protection
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 43
Broken Conductor Detection (2)
Existing detection methods;
Combination of under/overcurrent logic
Negative phase sequence overcurrent
Consider suitability for all load conditions
P14* uses a ratio technique:
I
2
is high for open circuit fault condition
I
1

Benefit: Load conditions have minimal effect
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 44
Application of Broken
Conductor Protection
I
2
/ I
1
is high for open circuit fault condition
Benefit: Load conditions have minimal effect
HV LV
CB
Broken Conductor
Open
Phase
BC BC
HV LV
BC
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 45
CT Supervision
A
B
C
I
O

V
O

& T
Alarms
Blocking
Event record
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 46
VT Supervision
Alarms
Event record
Blocking
Adaptive
setting
If and 2f
logic
3f on load
logic
3f on
energisation
logic
MCB digital
input
VTS
A
B
C
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 47
Cold Load Pick-up Logic
Benefits:
No requirement to use
alternate setting groups
May eliminate need for earth fault stabilising resistor
Security /dependability on energisation
Potential applications:
Motor feeders
HV transformer earth fault protection
Switch On To Fault (SOTF)
Air conditioning
Resistive heating
Energisation
current profile
Time
Current
Energisation period characteristic
Normal load characteristic
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 48
Blocked Overcurrent Protection
Established technique providing:
Improved fault
clearance times
Reduced grading stages
In order to facilitate this function, P14*
provides:
Per stage start signals
Per stage blocking inputs
Supervised field supply
Interaction with CB
failure logic
Block high-set element
Feeder 1
CB fail backtrip
Feeder 2 Feeder 3
Incomer
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 49
Programmability & Customerisation
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 50
Programmability
Multiple settings groups
Assignable inputs, outputs and LEDs
Programmable scheme logic
&
&
1
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 51
Flexibility using
Programmable Scheme Logic
User programmable scheme logic
Timers
Relay contacts
LEDs
Protection
elements
Fixed scheme
logic
Optos
Control
&
&
1
Gate Logic
Communication
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 52
Monitoring Circuit
Trip
Trip
Opto
Trip
coil
52a
52b
Circuit breaker
Opto
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 53
Ease of Use With
Programmable Scheme Logic (1)
Opto Signal added and
selected from list
L7 52-A
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 56
Programming the Relay
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 57
Application
Programmable Scheme Logic (1)
CB
CB
Busbar Busbar
Programmable Scheme Logic PSL PSL
Status
Manual CB Close
Phase to Earth Fault
Manual Close + SEF Pickup = Instantaneous Trip
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 58
Application
Programmable Scheme Logic (2)
L7 52-A
ISEF>START
PU 1000
&
R1 SEF INST TRIP
LED 1 (Unlatched)
Opto Signal for CB status added
Timer with Pulse function added
Internal SEF Pickup signal added
LOGIC Gate added
Trip mapped to Contact and LED
Indication
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 59
80% of overhead line faults are transient or semi-permanent
Minimising supply interruptions is essential
Trend to total system automation

AUTO RECLOSE AIDS SUPPLY CONTINUITY
Programming the Relay
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 60
Auto-Reclose
Benefits of P142 and P143
Traditionally dedicated, discrete device
Many versions due to differing philosophies and requirements
Benefits of integrating protection and auto-reclose:-
Reduced panel space
Reduced wiring
Reduced cost
Integrated auto-reclose logic needs to be flexible:-
Single and multi-shot
Ability to co-ordinate with other
reclosing equipment
Check synchronising
Variety of operating modes
CB monitoring
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 61
Application Auto Reclose (1)
Transient Fault
CB
CB
Busbar Busbar
Tele-
control
Auto
Live Line
Non Auto
79 Auto-reclose (Auto-reclose
with sequence co-ordination)
79
Healthy
AR in progress
Dead Time
Auto Close
AR Lockout
Successful Close
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 62
Tele-
control
Auto
Live Line
Non Auto
Auto-reclose (Auto-reclose
with sequence co-ordination)
AR in progress
Dead Time
Auto Close
AR Lockout
Successful Close
CB
CB
Busbar Busbar
79 79
Healthy
Application Auto Reclose (2)
Permanent Fault
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 63
16%
3.8 16km 10miles
Fault Locator
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 64
Power Protection -
32R, 32L and 32O
Phase Segregated Power protection
Single Phase or 3 phase setting
Phase segregated Under / Over power protection
2 stage power element
Each stage can be set to
Reverse Power
Over Power
Low Forward Power
Can be applied as per the requirement:
Non urgent shutdown LFP
Prime mover failure RP
Simple Over load alarm OP
Loss of load protection LFP
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 65
Sensitive Power Protection
2 stage power element
Each stage can be set to
Reverse Power
Over Power
Low Forward Power
Single phase power using the SEF input
Minimum setting of 0.5% Pn
DDBs for sensitive power start & trip of each stage

ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 66

Check Sync. enhancements
Sync. check 1 (Phase Angle check)
Sync. check 2 (System Angle check)
Live Line / Dead Bus
Dead Line / Live Bus
Dead Line / Dead Bus
System split detector
Undervoltage monitor
Differential voltage monitor
Voltage Correction factor, kSM: 0.1 to 3.0 - NEW
Phase angle correction factor, kSA: -150 to +180 degrees - NEW
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 67
Check Sync. enhancements
Check Synchronising
25
GCB
Generator
Busbar
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 68
Applications:
1.Synchronising the Generator VT with the VT after the step up Generator
transformer.
2.VTs with higher ratio can be used in case of non availability of matching VTs.
Check Sync. enhancements
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 69
Four different frequency elements
It is not possible to have an estimate of the generation deficit in the system using frequency alone
df/dt changes as frequency decreases but can be used to have an estimate of overload.
f+df/dt can be used to speed up load shedding during severe overloads (no need to time delay)
f+ f/ t gives a much better estimate than f+df/dt during power swings.
The elements can be combined for better response
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 70
Advanced Frequency Protection
Summary
Ensures that the power system operates within the declared frequency tolerance band
In the event of insufficient generation, ensures that supply is maintained to as many of the more important
consumers as possible
Managed load shedding schemes
Reliable and fast
Highly accurate
9 Stages each for the following features:
Under Frequency
Over Frequency
Rate of Change of frequency
Frequency supervised rate of change
of frequency
Average rate of change of frequency
Load restoration
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 71
In the current implementation (v43 and below) of Voltage Transformer secondary
setting, the minimum setting range for Phase to Phase voltage is only 320 volts for
the 440V module.
v44 firmware provides an enhancement in such a way that the minimum setting can
be from 196v phase to phase.
Applications:
1. Voltage transformers with a non
standard VT secondary voltage,
which are common in some countries
2. Reduces the extra hardware, IVT


VT with Phase Phase
setting from 196V
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 72

Fault data now available
in DNP3.0 Protocol.
Latest fault data can be
mapped.
Ease of trouble shooting


Fault data in DNP3.0
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 73
Rate of change of voltage
(dv/dt) feature
Enhancement:
dv/dt similar to P923
function
2 stages of rate of
change of voltage
independently settable







ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 74
Enhancement:
Detects high inrush current flows that occurs when transformers or machines are energised.
Setting to block the over current / earth fault protection if the level of second
harmonic/fundamental exceeds in phase or neutral current.
Can be phase selective
or across all phases.
In practise the second
harmonic level may not be
same for all the phases
during inrush.
Displays second
harmonic currents for
IA, IB and IC as measurements
as percentage of fundamental.
Second Harmonic Restraint
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 75
Configurable datasets:
customisable GOOSE messages
customisable Reports
Buffered Reports
Control functionality for various functions in P14x
Increased Virtual I/O for GOOSE publishing/subscribing
Transmit analogue values in GOOSE
Select Active Setting Group service
Improved 'IED Configurator
Support above functionality
Improved usability
E.g. due to configurable datasets, the configuring of a GOOSE message to publish, and the configuring of
subscribing to GOOSE messages, including from non-Alstom IEDs, is much more user-friendly (Quick Pick
selection).
P14x - IEC 61850 Enhancement
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 76
Programmable curve generation
(will be available by end Mar 2011)
Programmable curves:
2 curve programmable on Pick up
2 curve programmable on Reset
Specific software
Design curve by 255 point or by formula
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 77
Programmable curve generation
(will be available by end Mar 2011)
Programmable operate curves:
Modification of multiple point up to 255
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 78
Programmable curve generation
(will be available by end Mar 2011)
Programmable reset curves:
Modification of multiple point up to 255 or by formula
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 79
Enhancement:
DNP3 over ethernet is based on the DNP3 serial evolution which was introduced at P140v35 software. It
is physically realised by means of the ZN0049 100Mbps Ethernet card. The first rear port is the Courier
port which is configurable as K-Bus or RS485.
Supports Courier tunnelling.
SNTP time synchronisation is supported

DNP3 over Ethernet
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 80
Redundancy allows to have 2 alternate paths from a source to a destination.
2 kind of redundancy:
Active redundancy: both links are active at the same time
Passive redundancy: one link is active, the other one is in standby mode
Main layer 2 redundancy protocols:
STP, ANSI/IEEE 802.1D-2004: Spanning Tree Protocol is an algorithm used to create loop free logical
topologies in switching.
RSTP, IEEE 802.3w: Open standard, but reconfiguration time is around hundreds of milliseconds, which does
not reply to substation automation network requirements (Gooses)
SHP Self Healing Protocol: Proprietary protocol applied to double ring topologies, network convergence time
< 1ms
DHP Dual Homing Protocol: Proprietary protocol applied to double star topologies
Ethernet Redundancy
Redundancy answering the constraints
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 81
2 redundant Ethernet ports.
That is, one is active at a time.
Ports use same IP address and MAC address.
Both ports support RSTP (Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol) standard, in order to implement the redundancy. When
the active link fails (for example, external switch failure or cut fiber/cable), then the other port becomes active and
the link to the client is restored in a time determined by the RSTP algorithm (depends on the quantity of switches
and other nodes in the Ethernet network, e.g. several hundreds of milliseconds).
Physically, the 2 ports are both 1300nm multimode fiber (100BaseFX, ST connectors).
Effectively the Ethernet network architecture is star. It can be ring connected, then the RSTP algorithm ensures
there is no actual loop.


Redundant Ethernet - Open (RSTP)
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 82
2 redundant Ethernet ports.
That is, one is active at a time.
Ports use same IP address and MAC address.
Both ports support the proprietary Self Healing mechanism, in order to implement the
redundancy. When the active link fails (for example, external switch failure or cut fiber/cable),
the Self Healing Mechanism restores the connection in less than 1 millisecond <- our
differentiator.
Physically, the 2 ports are both 1300nm multimode fiber (100BaseFX, ST connectors).
Fiber Ring architecture

Redundant Ethernet - Self Healing Ring
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 83
When a fibre is broken
Detection by the both end stations
Self healing of the ring using the two networks
<< 1 ms recovery time
MiCOM H35
MiCOM H35
MiCOM H35
MiCOM H35
PACiS Ethernet
IEC61850 ring network
Normal conditions
PACiS Ethernet
IEC61850 ring network
Self Healed
MiCOM
C264 +
SWR20x
MiCOM
C264 +
SWR20x
MiCOM
C264 +
SWR20x
MiCOM
C264 +
SWR20x
Ethernet Self Healing
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 84
2 redundant Ethernet ports.
Both ports active; receiving nodes use first received message.
Ports use same IP address and MAC address.
Both ports support the proprietary Dual Homing mechanism, in order to implement the redundancy.
When either link fails (for example, external switch failure or cut fibre /cable), there is zero changeover
time.
Interoperable with third-party external Ethernet switches
Physically, the 2 ports are both 1300nm multimode fiber (100BaseFX, ST connectors)
Fibre Star architecture


Redundant Ethernet (Dual - Homing Star)
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 85
8 EIA (RS 232) InterMiCOM/Control
Commands, End - End
8 digital signals from PSL end A - PSL end B for various commands
A B
52 52
850nm
1300nm
1550nm
or MUX
8
8
&
>
1
&
>
1
PSL PSL
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 86
InterMiCOM

For long distance communication, fibre optic converters may be used as shown. The maximum
distance between the converter and the P14x relay should be 15 metres.
InterMiCOM teleprotection via a fibre optic
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 87

The existing configuration has varied opto input time stamping, which is not consistent.
New improved configuration has an opto input time stamping accuracy of 1msec
Improved time stamping is available across all protocols for use by PACiS or other SAS / SCADA.
Opto input time stamps will match disturbance recorder transitions.


Improvement in opto input time stamping
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 88
P145 Features
Function Keys
10 Programmable Function Keys
Drives 10 associated ddb signals in PSL
10 associated LEDs
2 Modes of Operation
Normal
Toggled
Can be set to Locked
Single Function key press at a time
Keypress duration > 200msec.
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 89
Load Encroachment (Blinder)
Impedance based feature avoids tripping for
heavy load flows
Provided for phase fault elements
Based on positive sequence impedance
DDBs for blinder ON, Forward & reverse load
2 Load Blinder Setting
In [3500] POC Column
[3591] Blinder Status
= FWD+REV VISIBLE
[3592] I> Block (POC Stage 1,2 & 5)
[3594] FWD Z1<Impedance [Range = 0.1- 500 Ohm, Step=10m]
[3595] FWD Z1 Angle [Range = 5 - 85 Degree, Step=1]
[3597] REV Z1<Impedance [Range = 0.1- 500 Ohm, Step=10m]
[3598] REV Z1 Angle [Range = 5 - 85 Degree, Step=1]
[359A] Blinder V< Block [Range = 10- 120 V, Step=1]
[359B] Blinder I2>Block [Range = 80m- 4 A, Step=10m]
= DISABLED
INVISIBLE
[3592]-[359B]
= FWD
VISIBLE
[3592] I> Block (POC Stage 1,2 & 5)
[3594] FWD Z1<Impedance [Range = 0.1- 500 Ohm, Step=10m]
[3595] FWD Z1 Angle [Range = 5 - 85 Degree, Step=1]
[359A] Blinder V< Block [Range = 10- 120 V, Step=1]
[359B] Blinder I2>Block [Range = 80m- 4 A, Step=10m]
VISIBLE
[3592] I> Block (POC Stage 1,2 & 5)
[3597] REV Z1<Impedance [Range = 0.1- 500 Ohm, Step=10m]
[3598] REV Z1 Angle [Range = 5 - 85 Degree, Step=1]
[[359A] Blinder V< Block [Range = 10- 120 V, Step=1]
[359B] Blinder I2>Block [Range = 80m- 4 A, Step=10m]
= REV
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 90
Voltage restrained over current protection

In addition to the existing Voltage Controlled over current protection
Provides back up protection for uncleared phase faults on the generator busbar or on a
feeder from the busbar
Selectable as DT or IDMT characteristic
Three pole trip only but indication for faulty phase
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 91
Setting changes through IEC 103 protocol

selecting the
over current
setting
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 92
Setting changes through IEC 103 protocol
editing the
over current
setting
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 93
Setting changes through IEC 103 protocol
read the
updated
over current
setting
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 94
Improvements in CB fail algorithm
Improvements in the existing CB fail algorithm to distinguish CT discharge current
decays and CT saturation, when fault currents are interrupted in large magnitude at high X/R
ratios.
Pickup accuracy will be as per existing design.
The CB Fail undercurrent pickup settings are to have the same setting range and step
value as the existing design.
The CBF timer settings are to have the same setting range as the existing design but
the step size changed to 1ms (from 10ms).
Improvements in the performance of the CB Fail fast undercurrent.
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 95
Cyber security
Cyber security concerns:
Px4x, C264, PACIS family, MiCOM H series
Technology implementation:
At IED level:
4 levels of Password + PWD complexity
Disable unused application and physical ports
Account validity time, log off after x min of inactivity
Store security logs in the relay
Display a user banner before any access attempt
External to the IEDs:
Antivirus
Security patch management
NERC compliant by the end of cyber security phase 1
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 96
Monitor bits in the PSL
Useful for testing purposes. Allows the user to select the
status of which DDB signals can be observed in the Test
port status cell or via the monitor / download port.
As provided in P54x
Eight monitor bits are provided for mapping
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 97
P145 Applications
Full Scheme Solution

Combine with P991(test block) and P891(trip/close module)
Full 19 rack mounted scheme
Cost effective solution
Reduce wiring and engineering costs!
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 98
P145 Applications
Scheme Application-example
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 99
P891 Features
Removable PB Cover/Guard
Other Label set available
Trip Pushbutton
Close Pushbutton
Universal Power Supply
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 100
Setting the Relay
Highly integrated Protection & Control solution
Large number of settings
Configuration simplified by:-
Configuration column in menu
Local communication port on relay front plate
Comprehensive support software
ALSTOM 2010. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is provided without liability for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. No representation
or warranty is given or to be implied as to the completeness of information or fitness for any particular purpose. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is
strictly prohibited.
MiCOM ALSTOM P140 Series Feeder Management Relays- Aug,2010 - P 101
The Configuration Column
Default setting restoration
Setting group manipulation
Enabling/disabling Protection & Control functions
Menu cell visible
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