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Presentation

on
PLC/SCADA
1

What is Automation ?
the act of implementing the control of equipment with
advanced technology; usually involving electronic
Hardware. "automation replaces human
workers by machines"
Increasing Productivity
Increasing Quality
Reducing Cost
Increasing Safety in working conditions
2

Automation History
Manual Control

Programmable Logic
Controller

Pneumatic
Control

Hard wired logic


Control

Electronic Control
using Logic Gates

Why SCADA?

Previously without
SCADA software, an industrial
process was entirely controlled by PLC, CNC & PID
having programmed in certain codes.

These codes were either written in assembly language or


relay logic without any true animation of process running.

It is always easy to understand the status of the process if


it is shown with some animations rather then written
codes.

Hence SCADA software came to existence and with


some exclusive features it became internal part of
automation system.

Features of typical SCADA software


Dynamic process graphic
Real-time and Historical trending
Alarms
Recipe Management
Security
Device connectivity
Script for logic development
Database connectivity

Dynamic Process Graphics

Real-time & Historical Trends

Alarms

Every plant needs proper monitoring and control of


the process parameters.
Alarms represent warnings of process conditions that
could cause problems, and require an operator
response

Recipe Management

The recipe management is facility used for maintain


various recipes of different products and implement it
on the process.

The recipe can be stored in a single server and it can


be fetched by any client server from any area to run
the process.

Security

Every SCADA software has various levels of security


for securing the application by avoiding unauthorized
access.

Creating An Application
InTouch
Steps in creating an application
includes:
Create an application
Create the window in which
application will run
Creating graphics images of different
parts of our process
Breathing life into graphics
6

Creating An Application

Creating A New Window

Creating Graphic Objects

Breathing Life To Graphics

Allen

Bradley : Rsview
Siemens : WinCC
GE Fanuc : Cimplicity
KPIT : ASTRA

PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC
CONTROLLER
Allen Bradley : Micrologix

The PLC is programmed interface between the field I/p


element like limit switches, sensors, push button and the
final control elements like control valves, hooters etc.
PLC consist of
Power Supply
Input Module
CPU with Processor and Program memory
Output module

11

CPU

I/O Modules
External Power
Supply

12

Automation : Advanced Technology


SCADA Software
Communication Cable

Control Hardware
Control Panel
Field Bus Network

Field Bus Scanners


Field Cabling

Input Module Placed in the field

Advantages of PLCs
Reduced space
Energy saving
Ease of maintenance
Economical
Greater life & reliability
Shorter project time
Easier storage, archiving and documentation

10

AB PLC CPU Memory Organisation


CPU memory divided in two parts:-

Data Files
Program Files
Data files:-

System 0 -Manufacturer program


System 1 -Reserve file
Ladder 2 -Main user file
-ladder 3 to 255 for
subroutine program
13

AB PLC CPU Memory Organisation


Program files:-

0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

-Output
-Input
-Status
-Binary
-Timer
-Counter
-Control
-Integer
-Float

- O
- I
- S2
- B3
- T4
- C5
- R6
- N7
- F8

----------

o/p status
i/p status
CPU data
Flag(memory bit)
Timer status
Counter status
Specific data
whole no. data
Decimal no.data

9 to 255 used to create new Program Files

14

AB PLC Addressing I/O


FILE
LETTER
:
I
I
O
O

:
:
:
:

.
1
1
2
2

BIT
NO

WORD
NO

SLOT
NO

.
.
.
.

/
0
1
0
0

/
/
/
/

0 (0 to 15)
0
,,
0
,,
0
,,
15

Addressing BINARY (Flag)


File
Letter

B3
B3
.
.
.
B3

File
Number

Word
Number

BIT
Number

:
:

0
1
.
.
.
15

/
/
.
.
.
/

0 (0 to 15)
0
,,

15

16

Addressing of Programming
Instructions

TIMER
:- T4:0 . T4:255(as per PLC)
COUNTER :- C5:0. C5:255
CONTROL :- R6:0. R6:255
INTEGER :- N7:0 N7:255
FLOAT
:- F8:0. F8:255

17

Logical OR Construction
IF input 4 OR input 5 have power
THEN energize output 0
I/4

O/0On

||

()
Logical Continuity

F I/5

||

I/4

On

O/0

||
T I/5

()
Logical Continuity

||

18

Logical AND Construction


IF input 4 AND input 5 have power
THEN energize output 0
I/4

||

I/5

||

O/0

On

()

Logical Continuity

19

PLC Cycle

Sense the Input


Process the Logic
Give Output
Programmable
controller

Inputs

Outputs
Machine
or
Process

20

PLC Signal Flow


Input Module

Processor Memory

Output Modules

Data Output
Input
Image Table
Image Table
I:0/6

O:0/7

I:0/6

O:0/7
I:1/4

O:1/5

Input Devices

Output Devices

Ladder Program

I:1/4

I:0/6

O:0/7

I:1/4

O:1/5
O:1/5

Programming Terminal

21

Types Of Timers
three types of timer is available :
1. TON
2. TOF
3. RTO

22

Types Of Counters
two types of counter is available:
1.CTU
2.CTD

23

Plc Scan Cycle


START

Output
Scan
Data associated with

Input Scan
Input terminals are read
and input status table is
updated accordingly.

output status table is


transferred to o/p
terminals.

Program Scan
During program scan, data in
input table is applied to user
prog ., prog . is executed and
o/p is updated accordingly.

24

Scan Time
1. The completion of one cycle of the sequence is calledSCAN CYCLE.
2. Time required for one cycle is called SCAN TIME.
3. There is inversely proportional relation between scan
time and efficiency.

25

Sinking and Sourcing


SINKING

SOURCING

26

COADING OF PROGRAM

27

Communication B/w rslogix and scada


software.

28

1.Automation and its usefullness and advantages


in industry to make process error free and
accurate.
2.Scada helps us for supervising the industry.
3.Learn how scada can control the whole process
of industry.
4.Get the knowledge of plc and its programming.
5.Learn the process of communicating between29

THANK YOU

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