COUNSELLING:

ITS
SKILLS AND STAGES

BY: VIDYASHREE.P
SHREE DEVI INSTITUTE OF SOCIAL WORK

INTRODUCTION
Many people will at some point in their lives, find
themselves in the role of a counsellor without
having a true understanding of the concept of
counselling or what the role of the professional
counsellor entails.
The concept of counselling is understood by
different people in different ways

DEFINITION
Carl Roger: Counselling is a definitely
structured permissive relationship which allows
client to gain an understanding to himself to a
degree which enables him to make positive
steps in the light of his new orientation.
Counselling:(Social Welfare) guidance offered
by social workers, doctors, to help a person to
resolve social or personal problems.

TYPES OF COUNSELLING
1)

2)
3)

4)
5)
6)

7)

Educational Counselling
Vocational Counselling
Personality Counselling Or Psychological
Counselling
Psychotherapeutic Counselling
Clinical Counselling
Marriage Counselling
Placement Counselling

COUNSELLING SKILLS
Communication Skills
Active Listening
Clarification
Reflection
Effective Questioning Skills
Rapport
Empathy
Decision Making
Problem Solving

COMMUNICATION SKILL
Communication

is a act of transferring
information from one person to another,
whether this be vocally, written, visually, or
non-verbally.
Interpersonal communication skill
Presentation skill
Writing skill
Personal skill

ACTIVE LISTENING
Active

listening means fully concentrating on

what is being said rather then just passively
hearing the message of the speaker.
Active listening involves listening with all
senses.
Interest can be conveyed to the speaker by
using both verbal and non-verbal
messages.

CLARIFICATION
Clarification

involves offering back to the

speaker the essential meaning, as
understood by the listener, of what they
have just said.

REFLECTING
Reflecting

is the process of restating both

the feelings and words of the speaker.

QUESTIONING SKILL
Questioning is the key to gaining more information.
Its helps to obtain information

BUILDING RAPPORT
Rapport is a state of harmonious
understanding with another individual or
group that enables greater and easier
communication.

EMPATHY
Empathy is the ability to see the world as another
person, to share and understand another persons
feelings, needs, concerns and emotional state.
There is an important distinction between empathy
and sympathy

PROBLEM SOLVING AND DECISION MAKING

Identifying

and structuring problems

Looking for possible solutions
Making a decision
Implementation
Seeking feedback

STAGES OF COUNSELLING
1.

2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

RAPPORT AND RELATIONSHIP BUILDING

ASSESSMENT
FORMULATION OF COUNSELLING GOALS
INTERVENTION AND PROBLEM SOLVING
TERMINATION AND FOLLOW UP
RESEARCH AND EVALUATION