ECOTOURISM

For every minute, the future is

becoming the past
Conceptual definitions
 Ceballas(1987)
 Traveling to relatively undisturbed,
uncontaminated natural areas.
 Specific objectives of studying, admiring
and enjoying the scenery
 Studying wild plants and animals
 Studying cultural manifestations of the
areas
Ziffer(1989)

 Highlighted conservation

 Natural based

 Economical and cultural components

Boo(1991)

 Highlighted natural and conservation

components

 Educational and economic components

Forestry Tasmania(1994)

 Emphasized on
 Nature based
 Educational

 Social

 Sustainable
Blamey(1995)

 Four main components

 Nature based
 Environmentally educated
 Sustainably managed
 Distance/time
EAA (2000)

 According to this
 Ecological sustainable tourism
 Primary focus on experiencing natural areas.
 Fosters environmental and cultural
understanding.
 Appreciation and conservation.
Comparison of all

 Three main components

 It is natural based
 It is educational and sustainable
management
 It includes economic, cultural and
ethical issues
Core emphasis
Natural based components
Protected and non protected areas

Educational components
Interpretations and training programs

Sustainability components
Social cultural elements rather than
economic
Exact definition

 Occurs in natural settings

 Attempt to increase benefits to
 Economy
 Society

 Environment

 Sustainable educational practices from

locals to tourists and vice versa
Raghu Mukesh
Types of Ecotourism
Types of Ecotourism

 Nature-based tourism

 Cultural tourism

 Adventure tourism

 Hybrids

 3S tourism
Nature-based tourism

 Focus on cultural attributes of area.

 Large jungle lodges
 Cruise ships to view penguins in Antarctica.
 Visiting zoological park
 Botanical gardens
 Aquariums & aviaries
Cultural tourism

 Interactingand observing unique cultures

 Learning from other cultures
 Learning about traditional values
Adventure tourism

 Unusual experience includes risk and uncertainty.

 Higher levels of physical exertion
 Interaction between participant & attraction
 White water rafting
 Hiking steep mountain slopes
Adventure tourism

White water rafting Hiking steep mountain

Hybrids

 Combines cultural tourism & adventure

tourism
 Mentally & physically challenging
experiences.
 Sustainable nature/culture package
3S Tourism

 Sea Sand Sun

 Associated with large scale & mass resort
tourism
 Appreciate & learn about the marine
environment
 Scuba diving
 Skin diving
 Snorkeling & submarine tours.
 Sea Sand Sun
Scuba diving Snorkeling
Niroshan Perera
Types of Ecotourism
 Green tourism
•Agro tourism
•Consumptive tourism
•Non consumptive tourism
•

TYPES OF ECOTOURISM
 Green tourism
• Activity or facility
operating in an
environmentally friendly
fashion
• Create awareness of
resources are coming
from and where wastes
are going.
 Agro tourism
• Agro tourism capitalizes on rural culture

• Encourage to experience agricultural life

• Opportunity to work in the field with farmers

• Additional income local farmers

• Visitors stay on working farm

Agro tourism
 Consumptive tourism
• Involves tangible experience with environment
– Hunting
– Fishing
 Non consumptive
• Involves Intangible experiences
– Bird watching
– Wildlife observation
– Nature observation
 Ecotourism activities
• Aboriginal tourism • Nature photography
 Ecotourism activities
• Outdoor research • Whale watching
 Ecotourism activities
• Outdoor education • Stargazing
LIU XIAO TONG
Country and type of
ecotourism
Ecotourism
 Country and type of ecotourism

COSTA RICA

• Nature – based
• Adventure tourism
• Green tourism
• Culture
Ecotourism
 Country and type of ecotourism

NEPAL

• Nature – based
• Adventure tourism
• Multi sports
• Responsible tourism
Ecotourism
 Country and type of ecotourism

KENYA

• Nature – based
• Adventure tourism
• Responsible tourism
• Green tourism
• Cultural
Ecotourism
 Country and type of ecotourism

AUSTRALIA

• Nature – based
• Adventure tourism
• Responsible tourism
• Green tourism
• Culture
Ecotourism
 Country and type of ecotourism

BRAZIL

• Nature – based
• Green tourism
• Responsible tourism
Ecotourism
 Country and type of ecotourism

SOUTH AFRICA

• Nature – based
• Adventure tourism
• Responsible tourism
• Cultural
• Sustainable tourism
•S.Africa is a big state for
 Willem

Ecotourism Statistics
Ecotourism Statistics

TIES (The International Ecotourism System)

publish that if tourism were a country, it
would have the 2nd largest economy after U.S.
Ecotourism Statistics

25% (1.6 billion)

10.93% (700 million)

World population
6.4 Billion
Ecotourism Statistics
 Beginning in 1990s, ecotourism has
been growing 20% - 34% per year
 In 2004, ecotourism was growing 3
times more faster than tourism
industry as whole
Ecotourism Statistics
 Customer Demand
 More than 2/3 of U.S. and Australian travelers and
90% of British tourist consider active protection of
the environment and support of local communities to
be part of a hotel’s industry
 Half of those in Britain prefer to go with a company
that have written code to guarantee good working
conditions, protect the environment and support local
charities in the tourist destinations
Ecotourism Statistics
 Customer Demand
 In U.K. survey, 87% travelers prefer holiday
that don’t damage the environment, and 39%
said were prepared to pay 5% extra for ethical
guarantees
 95% of Swiss tourist consider respect for
local culture to be highly important when
choosing a holiday
Ecotourism Statistics
 Ecotourism facts
 50 : 50 in gender

 82% were colleges graduates, high level of education

more interest compare to low of education
 No differences between general or experienced

 They willing to spend more than general tourist

 After 1st experience, most of tourist would like for second

trip for enjoy scenery and new places
Ecotourism Statistics
Ecotourism Statistics
 TOP 5 Ecotourism
Visiting parks
Hiking
Explore a preserved area
Wildlife viewing
Natural trail in ecosystem
Benefits of Ecotourism
Mohamed Zafry
 Benefits of Ecotourism

• Minimize impact to the ecosystem

• Financial benefits for conservation
• Creates environment awareness
• Financial benefits and empowerment for
local people
• Respects local culture
• Supports human rights and democratic
movements
• Encourages small scale infrastructure
construction
Minimize impact to the ecosystem
 Minimize impact to the ecosystem

• Hotel room • Ecological hotels

 Minimize impact to the ecosystem

• Laragai House
Financial benefits for conservation

– Funds for environment protection

– Funds for research and education
Financial benefits for local people

– Local community must receive tangible benefits

– Ecotourism a tool for rural development
Creates environmental awareness

– Educates tourists and residents

– Spread awareness of environmental
problems
 Respects local culture

– Minimizes cultural intrusion and

exploitation
Supports human rights and democratic
movements
– Demands holistic approach to travel
– Make the trip rewarding personally and
politically
Encourages small scale infrastructure
construction
– Construction of small scale hotels
– Developing transportation
Profit over Protection
 Conclusion
Rukshan Jayasinghe
Guidelines for eco tourists
Mission
Vision
Values
Summery
Reference
Question & Answers
 Guidelines for eco
tourists
 Before you go
– Choose your travel provider on their principles

– Educate yourself about the destination

– Be aware of local history

– Be gift sensitive
 Guidelines for eco
tourists
 During your stay
– Observe local customs

– Demonstrate responsible behavior to travelers

– Be sensitive to display of wealth

– Comply to international environment conventions

 Guidelines for eco
tourists
 On your return
– Continue with your commitment

– Support organizations and societies

– Increase Awareness

– Please follow the guidelines

 Value
• Save the environment for our future
generation

• Respect the environment as our existence

depends on this
 References
• Books
– Ecotourism By Stephen J Page & Rose K Dowling
– Ecotourism By David Weaver
– Eco-Touring By Magnus Elander & Staffan Widstrand
• Web sites
– www.GoodTravelCompany.com
– www.ecotourism.org
– www.responsibletravel.com
– www.ecotourdirectory.com
– www.greengreenworld.com
– www.itsagreengreenworld.com