PHILIPPINE EDUCATIONAL

SYSTEM

(Legal Foundation & Professional

Code of Ethics)

Did you know that

- For every 100 Filipino children
-

who enters grade I,

only 66 will finished grade VI,
60 will go to high school,
40 will graduate,
25 will go to college,
13 will complete a degree
and only 1-2 will get a stable job

LEGAL
BASES
OF
PHILIPPINE
EDUCATIONAL
SYSTEM

Legal Bases of Education in the

Philippines (Major Laws)
1987 Constitution of the Philippines
Education Act of 1982
Republic Act 4670- Magna Carta for
Public School Teachers
RA 7836 Philippine Teachers
Professionalization Act of 1994

Code of Ethics for Professional Teachers

DEPED Memorandum and Circulars
CHED Memorandum and Circulars
Executive Orders

1987 Philippine Constitution

Article XIV - Education, Science, Technology, Arts, Culture
and Sports
Section 1. Ensures the right of all citizens to quality education at
all levels. The State shall take appropriate steps to make education
accessible to all.
Section 2 stipulates:
the establishment and maintenance of a complete
adequate and integrated system of education
relevant to the needs of the people and society.
free and compulsory public elementary education
free secondary education
scholarship grants and incentives
non-formal, informal
and indigenous learning system

RIGHTS OF THE TEACHERS

R.A. 4670 Magna Carta of Public School Teachers

Right to be informed of the charges
in writing
Right to full access to the evidence
in the case
Right to defend himself and be
defended by a representative of his
choice
Right to appeal to clearly designated
authorities
Right to a married couple, both of whom are school teacher,
to be employed in the same localities whenever possible.

Republic Act 4670

Magna Carta for Public School Teachers
RECRUITMENT
Elementary school teachers
BEED graduates
LET passers
Secondary school teachers
BSE graduates
18 units in major subject
LET passer

LEAVE &
RETIREMENT
BENEFITS

1. Study Leave (Sabbatical Leave)

2. Indefinite Leave
3. Maternity leave with pay for 60 days
4. Vacation leave with pay
5. Enjoy one range salary raise upon retirement.

Republic Act 4670

Magna Carta for Public School Teachers
Hours of Work and Remuneration

1. enjoy academic freedom in the discharge of

professional duties regarding teaching and classroom
methods
2. enjoy free physical exam and medical treatment or
hospitalization
3. salary scale gradual progression from a minimum
to a maximum salary by means of regular increments,
granted automatically every after 3 years
4. granting of cost of living allowance

5. additional compensation for service in excess of 6 hrs

of actual classroom teaching, hardship allowance and
automatic retirement promotion

Monetary and other Benefits

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

8.
9.
10.
11.

Basic salary based from the salary standardization law

Clothing Allowance P4,000/yr
Productivity Pay P2,000/yr
Proportional Vacation Pay salary for April and May
13th Month Pay midyear and end of the year
Bonus P5,000/yr as part of the 13th month pay
Study leave (sabbatical leave) with pay equivalent to 100% of salary after 7 years
of service
Maternity leave with pay for 60 days
Paternity leave with pay for 7 working days
(Paternity Act of 1996- RA 8187)
Indefinite leave
LOANS
- salary loan 1 mo; 3 mos; 5 mos; 8 mos
- policy loan
- pag-ibig loan
- emergency loan
- calamity loan, etc

Education Act of 1982

The Act provided for the establishment and
maintenance of an integrated system of
education
2. It provided for the establishment of the
Board of Higher Education; Bureau of
Elementary Education, Secondary
Education, Continuing Education, Technical
and Vocational Education
3. It provided for the training of the nations
manpower in the middle-level skills
required for national development
1.

RIGHTS AND DUTIES OF THE STUDENTS

Education Act of 1982

Right to receive competent instruction, relevant

quality education
Right to freely choose their field of study
Right to school guidance and counseling services
Right to access to his own school records,
Right to the issuance of official documents within
thirty days from request.
Right to publish a school newspaper
Right to free expression of opinions
Right to form, establish and join organization
Right to be free from involuntary contribution

Republic Act 7722

The Higher Education Act of 1994
It created the Commission on Higher Education (CHED)
independent from the Department of Education

Its coverage include both public and private institutions of

higher education as well as degree granting programs in all

post-secondary educational institutions

Authorizes the CHED to develop certain mandatory

curricular offerings particularly in the general education

program

Republic Act 7796

An Act Creating the Technical Education and Skills
Development Authority (TESDA)

It created TESDA to provide relevant, accessible high

quality and efficient technical education and skills
development in support of the development of higher
quality Filipino middle-level manpower responsive to
and in accordance with Philippine Development and
priorities

RA #7836 Philippine Teachers

Professionalization Act of 1994
Prescribes the Licensure Examination for Teachers (LET) to

make them duly licensed professionals who possess dignity

and reputation with high moral values as well as technical
and professional competence

Provides that within 2 years after January 12, 1996, no

person shall teach in preschool, elementary or secondary

level or in vocational courses unless he is a duly registered
professional teachers.

1.Objectives (Article 1,
Section 3)

1. The promotion, development and

professionalization of teachers and
the teaching profession; and
2. The supervision and regulation of
the licensure examination

2. Creation and Composition of the

Board(Article II, Section 5)
-Created under this Act of Board for
Professional Teachers called the Board
under the general supervision and
administrative control of the Professional
Regulation Commission , called the
Commission
- Composition of the Board: Five (5)
members to be appointed by the
President of the Philippines.

3. Examination, Registration and

License Required (Article III,
Section 13)
1. Written Examination given at least
once a year
2. A valid certificate of registration
and a valid professional license from
the Commission are required before
any person is allowed to practice as a
professional teacher in the Philippines.

4. Scope and Examination (Article III,

Section 14)
1. Elementary level, there are two parts
namely; professional education and
general education
2. For secondary level, there are three
parts, namely; professional education,
general education and field of
specialization

5. Qualification Requirements of Applicants

(Article III, Section 15)
1. A citizen of the Philippines or an alien
whose country has reciprocity with the
Philippines in the practice of the teaching
profession
2. At least 18 yrs. Old of age
3. In good health and good reputation
with high moral values

4. Has not been convicted by final

judgment by a court for an offense
involving moral turpitude
5. A graduate of a school, college or
university recognized by the government
and possesses the minimum educational
qualifications, as follows:
for teachers in preschool, a
bachelors degree in early childhood
education or its equivalent

for teachers in the elementary grades, a

bachelors degree in elementary education
(BEED) or its equivalent;
for teachers in the secondary grades, a
bachelors degree in education or its
equivalent with a major and minor, or a
bachelors degree in arts and sciences with
at least 18 units in professional education
For teachers of vocational and two- year
technical courses, a bachelors degree in the
field of specialization or its equivalent, with
at least 18 units of professional education.

6. Issuance of Certificate of
Registration and
Professional License (Article
III, Section 17)
1. The registration of a
professional teacher commences
from the date his name is
enrolled in the roster of
professional teachers

THE TEACHER AND

THE STATE

THE TEACHER AND

THE PROFESSION

THE TEACHER AND THE

COMMUNITY

THE
TEACHER
AND THE
TEACHING
COMMUNITY

THE
TEACHER
AND THE
PARENT
THE
TEACHER
AND
BUSSINESS

SCHOOLS
OFFICIALS
TEACHERS
AND OTHER
PERSONNEL

CODE OF ETHICS FOR

PROFESSIONAL TEACHERS
THE TEACHER AND HIFGHER
AUTHORITIES IN THE PROFESSION

THE
TEACHER
AND THE
LEARNERS
THE
TEACHER AS
A PERSON

Code of Ethics for Professional

Teachers
PREAMBLE

Teachers are duly licensed professionals who

possess dignity and reputation with high moral

values as well as technical and professional
competence. In the practice of their noble
profession, they strictly adhere to, observe and
practice this set of ethical and moral principles,
standards and values.

SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS

This Code covers all public and private school

teachers in all educational institutions at the
preschool, primary, elementary, and secondary
levels whether academic, vocational, special
technical, or non-formal.

The term teacher shall include industrial arts or

vocational teachers and all other persons
performing supervisory and/or administrative
functions in all schools at the aforesaid levels,
whether on full-time of part-time basis.

THE TEACHER AND THE STATE

1.

The schools are the nurseries of the future citizens of the state, each
teacher is a trustee of the cultural and educational heritage of the nation
and is under obligation to transmit to learners such heritage as well as to
elevate national morality, promote national pride, cultivate love of country,
instill allegiance to the Constitution and respect for all duly constituted
authorities, and promote obedience to the laws of the state.

2.

In the interest of the State and of the Filipino people as much as of his own,
every teacher shall be physically, mentally and morally fit.

3.

A teacher shall not engage in the promotion of any political, religious and
other partisan interest, and shall not, directly or indirectly, solicit, require,
collect, or receive any money or service or other valuable material from any
person or identity for such purposes.

4.

Every teacher shall vote and shall exercise all other constitutional rights and
responsibilities.

5.

A teacher shall not use his position or official authority or influence to coerce
any other person to follow any political course of action.

THE TEACHER AND THE TEACHING

COMMUNITY
Every teacher shall provide
leadership and initiative to
actively participate in
community movements for
moral, social, educational,
economic and civic
betterment involved in
matters affecting the welfare
of the people.
Every teacher shall help the
school to keep the people in
the community informed
about the schools work and
accomplishments as well as
its needs and problems.

Every teacher shall

merit reasonable
social recognition for
which purpose he shall
behave with honor and
dignity at all times and
refrain from such
activities as gambling,
smoking, drunkenness
and other excesses,
mush less illicit
relations.

THE TEACHER AND THE PROFESSION

1.

Every teacher shall actively help ensure that teaching is

the noblest profession, and shall manifest genuine
enthusiasm and pride in teaching as a noble calling.

2.

Every teacher shall participate in the continuing

professional education (CPE) program of the
Professional Regulation Commission, and shall pursue
such other studies as will improve his efficiency,
enhance the prestige of the profession, and strengthen
his competence, virtues, and productivity in order to be
nationally and internationally competitive.

3.

Every teacher shall use the teaching profession in a

manner that makes it a dignified means of earning a
decent living.

THE TEACHER AND HIGHER AUTHORITIES

IN THE PROFESSION
1.

2.

3.

4.

Every teacher shall make it his duty to make an honest effort to

understand and support the legitimate policies of the school and the
administration regardless of personal feeling or private opinion and
shall faithfully carry them out.
A teacher shall transact all official business through channels except
when special conditions warrant a different procedure, such as when
reforms are advocated but are opposed by the immediate
supervisor, in which case the teacher shall appeal directly to the
appropriate higher authority.
Every teacher, individually or as part of a group, has the right to
seek redress against injustice and discrimination and, to the extent
possible, shall raise his grievances within acceptable democratic
processes.
Every teacher has a right to invoke the principle that appointments,
promotions, and transfers of teachers are made only on the basis of
merit and need in the interest of service.

SCHOOL OFFICIALS, TEACHERS AND OTHER PERSONNEL

1.
All school officials shall at all times show professional
courtesy, helpfulness and sympathy towards teachers
and other personnel, such practices being standards of
effective school supervision, dignified administration,
responsible leadership and enlightened direction.
2. School officials, teachers, and other personnel shall
consider in their cooperative responsibility to formulate
policies or introduce important changes in the system at
all levels.
3. School officials shall encourage and attend to the
professional growth of all teachers under them such as
in recommending them for promotion, giving them due
recognition for meritorious performance, and allowing
them to participate in conferences and training
programs.
4. No school official shall dismiss or recommend for
dismissal a teacher or other subordinates except for a
cause.

THE TEACHER AND THE LEARNERS

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

6.

A teacher shall recognize that the interest and welfare of learners are
of first and foremost concern, and shall deal justly and impartially
with each of them.
Under no circumstances shall a teacher be prejudiced nor
discriminatory against any learner.
A teacher shall not accept any favors or gifts from learners, their
parents, or others in their behalf in exchange for requested
concessions, especially if undeserved.
A teacher shall not accept, directly or indirectly, any remuneration
from tutorials other than what is authorized for such service
In a situation where mutual attraction and subsequent love develop
between teacher and learner, the teacher shall exercise utmost
professional discretion to avoid scandal, gossip, and preferential
treatment of the learner.
A teacher shall not inflict corporal punishment on offending learners
nor make deductions from their scholastic ratings such as a
punishment for acts which are clearly not manifestations of poor
scholarship.

THE TEACHER AND THE PARENTS

1.

Every teacher shall establish and maintain cordial

relations with parents, and shall conduct himself to merit
their confidence and respect.

2.

Every teacher shall inform parents, through proper

authorities, of the progress or deficiencies of learners
under him, exercising utmost candor and tact in pointing
out learners deficiencies and in seeking parents
cooperation for the proper guidance and improvement of
learners.

3.

A teacher shall hear parents complaints with sympathy

and understanding, and shall discourage unfair criticism.

THE TEACHER AND BUSINESS

1.

A teacher has the right to engage, directly or indirectly, in

legitimate income generation activities, provided that it does
not relate to or adversely affect his work as a teacher.

2.

A teacher shall maintain a good reputation with respect to

financial matters such as in the settlement of his debts and
loans and in arranging satisfactorily his private financial affairs.

3.

No teacher shall act, directly or indirectly, as agent of, or be

financially interested in, any commercial venture which furnish
textbooks and other school commodities in the purchase and
disposal of which he can exercise official influence, except only
when his assignment is inherently, related to such purchase
and disposal, provided that such shall be in accordance with
existing regulations, provided, further, that members of duly
recognized teachers cooperatives may participate in the
distribution and sale of such commodities.

THE TEACHER AS A PERSON

1.

A teacher is, above all, a human being endowed with life for which it is
his highest obligation to live with dignity at all times whether in school,
in the home, or elsewhere.

2.

A teacher shall place premium upon self-respect and self-discipline as

the primary principles of personal behavior in all relationships with
others and in all situations.

3.

A teacher shall maintain at all times a dignified personality which could

serve as a model worthy of emulation by learners, peers, and all
others.

4.

A teacher shall always recognize the Almighty God as guide of his own
destiny and of the destinies of men and nations.

DISCIPLINARY ACTION

Any violation of any provision of this Code shall be

sufficient ground for the imposition against the erring
teacher of disciplinary action consisting of revocation of
his Certificate of Registration and License as a
Professional Teacher, suspension from the practice of
the teaching profession, reprimand, or cancellation of
his temporary/special permit under causes specified in
Sec. 23, Article III of R.A. 783663., and under Rule 31,
Article VIII, of the Rules and Regulations implementing
RA 78

Dear Teacher;
I am a survivor of a concentration camps .
My eyes saw what no man should witness:
Gas chambers built by learned engineers.
Children Poisoned
educated
physicians.
Poison byby
educated
physicians.
Infants killed by trained nurses.
Women and babies shot and burned by high school and college
graduates.
So I am suspicious of education.
My request is to help your students become human.
Your efforts must never produce learned monsters, skilled
psychopaths, educated Eichmanns.
Reading, writing arithmetic are important ONLY
only
if they serve to make our children MORE
HUMAN
more human

When I was young

and free and my
imagination had
no limits, I
dreamed of
changing the
world.

As I grew older and wiser, I

discovered the world would not
change, so I shortened my sights
somehow and decided to change
only my country..

But it too
seemed
immovable!.

As I grew into my twilight years, in

one last desperate attempt, I settled
for changing only my family, those
closer to me, but alas, they would have
none of it.

And now as I lie on my

deathbed, I suddenly
realized: If I had only
changed myself first, then
by example I would have
changed my family.

From their inspiration and

encouragement, I would then
have been able to better my
country and, who knows, I may
have even changed the
WORLD!.

Other Legal
Bases

R.A # 1265 and DECS Ruling # 8

Penalize all education institutions which do
not observe the flag ceremony. Supreme
Court resolution declares that school
children cannot be compelled to salute
and pledge allegiance to the flag if their
religious beliefs ban them from doing so.

R.A # 6728 Government assistance to

students and teachers in Private
Education.

R.A # 7722 An act creating the Commission

on Higher Education. ( Task of overseeing
tertiary Education).
DECS focus on basic education elementary
and secondary education.
R.A # 7784 An act strengthening Teacher
Education in the Philippines by establishing
Centers of Excellence: creating a teacher
education council for the appropriation of
national network with elementary schools,
high schools and/0r a part fro laboratory
purposes.

R.A # 7796 Philippine Teachers

Professionalization Act of 1994.
1.) Prescribes the Licensure Examination for
teachers (LET) to make them duly licensed
professionals who possess dignity and reputation
with high moral values as well as technical and
professional competence.
2.) Provides that within two (2) years after January
12, 1996, no person shall teach the pre school,
elementary, or secondary level nor in vocational
courses unless he is a duly registered professional
teacher.

R.A # 8187 Paternity Leave Act of 1996

1.) Grants paternity leave of even (7) work

days with full pay to married male
employees for the first four deliveries of
the legitimate spouse with whom he is
cohabiting.
2.) Such leave is not cumulative and strictly
non-convertible to each.

R.A # 7192 An Act Promoting the

Integration of Women as Full Equal
partners of Men in Development and
Nation Building and for Other Purposes.

Educational Assistance Act of 1976 Study Now Pay later Plan.

PD # 176 Ownership, Control and
Administration of Educational Institutions.

R.A 578 Confers the status of persons in

authority upon teachers, principals and
professors.
DECS Order # 25 s. 1974 Bilingual
Education Policy
DECS order No. 52 s. 1987 mandates the
use of the regional language as an
auxiliary medium of instruction.

R.A # 6655 DECS Order # 44 s. 1988

promulgated the nationalization of the Public
secondary School: free from payment of
tuition and other school fees.
R.A # 4090 provides for state scholarships in
Science, Arts and Letters for the Poor but
Deserving Students, Creating a State
Scholarship Council to Integrate,
Systematize., Administer and Implement All
program of Scholarships and appropriating
funds thereof.

R.A # 5447 creation of a special education

fund Act enacted 1968 (to be constituted
from the proceeds of an additional real
property tax and certain portion of Virginia
type cigarettes and duties on imported
tobacco leaf ). Activities shall be limited to:

1.) organization and extension of classes

2.) construction and repair of school
buildings ( aiding provincial, municipal, city
and barrio school ).

3.) acquisition of school sites

Local school board was created to

determine the annual budgetary needs for
operation and maintenance of public
schools: to apply Bureau of Vocational
Education R.A No. 98; and to authorize
municipal treasurers to disburse funds
approved by higher authorities.

Republic Act No. 1124 created 15

members of the Board of National
Education and reduced the membership of
the Board to eight (8). The highest policy
making body in formulating educational
policies and direction and interests.
R.A No 6139 regulated the sectarian
schools/private schools in charging higher
tuition fees.

R.A No 5698 Legal Education Board was

created to improve the quality of law
schools.

R.A 7687 an act instituting/establishing

scholarship program for courses that will
encourage the students to pursue careers in
science and technology. ( Science and tech
Scholarship Act of 1994 )
R.A 7743 establishment of city and
municipal libraries.

R.A No 7880 an act providing for the fair and

equitable allocation of the Dept. of ed and
Culture and Sports Budget for capital outlay
( Fair and Equitable Access to education Act
) providing for the development of its
citizenry upholding primacy of education;
fostering patriotism and nationalism,
accelerating social progress and promoting
total human liberation/ ensuring fair and
equitable access to the infrastructure and
tools necessary for quality education.

R.A No 8292

* Higher Education Modernization Act of

1997 establish, maintain and support a
complete, adequate and integrated system
of education relevant to the needs of the
people and society.

The governing board of chartered state and

universities and colleges is modified in
order to : (a) a more coordinated and
integrated system of higher education (b)
render them more effective in the
formulation and implementation of policies
on higher education (c) ensure the
enjoyment of academic freedom as
guaranteed by the Constitution.

R.A No 8190 granting priority to residents

of the barangay, municipality or city where
the school is located, in the assignment of
classroom public school teachers as long
as they possess all the minimum
qualifications.

R.A Act No. 8445 amending R.A Act No.

6728 an act providing government
assistance to students and teachers in
private education and appropriating funds,
establishing a fund for the purpose of
subsidizing salaries of private school
teachers and appropriating funds.
Expanded Government Assistance to
Students and Teachers in Private
Education Act.

R.A Act 8525 1998 Act establishing

Adopt a School Program, allowing
private schools, companies to
assist/support public schools in upgrading
and modernization of public schools
particularly those in poverty-stricken
provinces.

R.A No 8491
prescribing the code of the national flag, anthem,

motto, coat of arms and other heraldic items and

devices of the Philippines (Flag and Heraldic Code
of the Philippines)
reverence and respect shall be accorded to the
flag, anthem, and national symbols, which express
the sovereignty and national solidarity.
heraldic items and devices - should manifest
national virtues, pride in our native land, respect
and affection for the national flag and anthem,
proper use of motto and coat of arms.

THANK YOU!!!!!!!