AIR POLLUTION PROBLEM AND MITIGATION

IN JAKARTA, INDONESIA

Iftita Rahmatika 5670561121

About Jakarta, Indonesia

Jakarta Bay
North
Jakarta

West
Jakarta

Central
Jakarta

Tangerang
South
Jakarta

East
Jakarta
Bekasi

Depok

Land area : 661,62 km.sq

Total Population :
10,188,000 (night time)
13,000,000 (daytime)

Jakarta at a glance

Major source of air pollutant in Jakarta

The largest source of air pollutants are from motor vehicles (>70%)
The number of motor vehicles 5.5 millions units, with the average
growth of 9.5% per year
The number of private vehicles are 98%, public transport is 2%
The long roads are 7650 km long, and the growth only 0.01% per
year
(Sources: Department of Transportation 2011)

Major pollutants in Jakarta

Source: Asian Development Bank. 2002

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Air ambient quality standard

The 1997 Government Act No. 23 on

Environmental Management and the
1999 Government Regulation No. 44 on
Air Pollution Control

Health Effects

Exposed by clean air

Exposed by exhausted diesel

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Strategy and national action program

Strategy to prevent pollution

Strategy to control pollution

Strategy to monitor the exposure

Strategy to mitigate the impact

Strategy to strengthen the institutional capacity

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Prevent the pollution- Car free day

Car free day is part of Jakarta
Government program to make
Jakarta Clean Air and enhance the
quality of environment and
community life. It conducted
regularly since 2007.

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Prevent the pollution- Bus rapid transit

It has been estimated that

TransJakarta reduced CO2
emissions by 37,000 tons in
2009, or the equivalent of
removing 6,800 cars from the
road
In corridor 1, it reduced Nox
emissions nearly 212 kg/day and
PM10 emissions nearly 31 kg/day
Corridor 2 and 3 used CNG
instead of diesel. It can reduce
particulate matter by 8 kg per day
and carbon monoxide by 14 kg
per day
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Prevent the pollution- Public transport

development
Mass rapid transit (Subway)
Light rail transit (Monorail)
Waterways

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Prevent the pollution-. Scrappage of 2stroke 3-wheelers (bajaj)

More than 500 dated two-stroke three-wheelers (bajaj) of 14,000
targeted in Jakarta have been scrapped and replaced by new
compressed natural gas (CNG) three-wheelers

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Control air pollution- Inspection and

maintenance program (I&M)
In 2000, the Local Government of Jakarta
has introduced an inspection and
maintenance (I&M) program that requires all
vehicles to comply with emission quality
standards

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http://bplhd.jakarta.go.id/01_penerapanstikerartikel.php

Monitor the exposure

Monitoring of ambient air quality (AQ) in Jakarta started in 1976 by the Bureau of
Meteorology and Geophysics (BMG) for parameters SO2, NO2, Ozone (O3) and
suspended particulate matter (SPM). The number of monitoring stations increased
to 37 stations in large cities throughout the country
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Air pollution impact mitigation

Monitoring the health impact

Conducting the research on air pollution

Introducing the alternative renewable
source
Mitigation of GHG emission

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Strengthen the institutional capacity

Establishment of an inter-sectoral coordination team for air quality
improvement program
Synchronization of regulations and technical guidelines
Law enforcement
Improvement of local government for urban air quality improvement
Mobilization of funds for air quality improvement

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Thankyou

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