Any substance used by a living

body to promote growth,

maintain and repair body tissues,
regulate body processes, and
supply energy.

 The study of food in relation to

health. It is also the process by which

you take in and assimilate the right
amount of nutrients to keep you
healthy and strong.

 The intake of the proper amount

and kinds of food that will promote

physical and mental health.

 To build and repair body tissues

 To provide heat and energy

for the body

 To build and maintain bone

structure

 To regulate body processes.

 Nutrition is the food you eat

and the way the body uses it.

Food is made up of different

nutrient needed by the body for
growth and health.

All persons throughout life have need

for the same nutrients but in varying

amounts.

 The way food is handled influences

the amounts of nutrients in food, its

safety appearance and taste.
Handling means anything that
happens to food while it is being
grown, processed, stored and
prepared for eating.

The cells in the body

use the nutrients and

release energy as heat.

 Heat energy is measured in calories.

A calorie is the amount of heat

required to raise the temperature of
one kilogram of water, one degree
Celsius. Food varies in calorie
content.

 Plants are the sources of

carbohydrates. Carbohydrates
contain 4 calories per gram.
Carbohydrates may be simple or
complex.

 Sugars that are naturally found

in fruits, vegetables, whole

grains, and milk products.

 Found in starches or in

cellulose which is the

indigestible plant in matter
commonly called fiber.

 Fats and oils contain 9 calories

per gram, more than double

the calorie content of
carbohydrates. Fats are
digested more slowly than
other foods.

 Foods containing fat satisfy one

faster and remain in the body for

a long period of time. Increased
intake of fatty foods could lead
to obesity and heart disease.

 Fats and oils contain saturated or

unsaturated fatty acids.

 Saturated fats increase the

cholesterol level in the blood.

Cholesterol is a waxy substance
which can cause deposit build up
in the blood vessels, causing
heart disease.

 Saturated fats become solid at room

temperature. Animal fat and other

by-products such as butter, cheese,
and vegetable oil contain high
amounts of saturated fats.

 Unsaturated fats are liquid at

room temperature and they help

lower the cholesterol level. Corn
and olive oil re good sources of
unsaturated fats.

 Protein are used by the body

in building and repairing its

cells. Proteins are composed
of building blocks called
amino acids.

 Complete Protein

Contains all the essential amino

acids needed by the body.

Animal and fish protein contain
large amounts of essential
amino acids

 Incomplete Protein

Are low in certain essential

amino acids. Plants supply

incomplete protein.

 Infants, teenagers, pregnant,

and nursing mothers need

additional proteins. More
protein is also needed when
body protein is lost during illness
or injury.

 Minerals are taken in smaller

amounts than other nutrients

and they are used for formation
of bones and teeth, and growth
of body cells.

 Calcium and Phosphorus

They are necessary for the

formation of bones and teeth.

Calcium is necessary for clotting of
the blood and for normal action of
he heart and nerves.

 Iron and Copper

Work together in the

bloodstream. Iron is found in

the hemoglobin of the blood.

 Iodine

Prevents the development of

a thyroid condition called

goiter

Sodium and chlorine

Necessary to maintain

the proper water balance

in the body

Vitamins
Needed for stimulating growth and
other body activities. When vitamins
are lost during food processing and
then replaced, the food is said to be
enriched. Fortified foods have extra
vitamins added.

 Water

Water is not considered as food

but it is a nutrient. Without

water, we will die. Excessive
loss of water from the body is
called dehydration.

 A well-shaped skeletal frame.

Normal weight for ones age and

height.
Good appetite
A well-developed body
A pleasant disposition

 Healthy gums and a good set of

teeth
Clear eyes
Clean and smooth skin
A general appearance of vitality
Good body posture
Absence of any pain
Resistance to infection

 Is the relative lack or absolute

deficiency, or excess of one or more

essential nutrients. This results
when the body does not get the
right amount of nutrients.

 Describes the present state of

nutrition as indicated by your

weight in proportion to your height.

 Describes the state of nutrition as

shown by your height in relation to

your age. Chronic malnutrition is
indicated by stunted growth.

 Underweight or overweight for

ones age

Poor appetite

 Weak and Tired

 Cannot Sleep

 Pale

 Sores appear at corners of the

mouth

 Cannot see well in dim light.

 The most common and widespread

form of malnutrition is PROTEIN

ENERGY MALNUTRITION (PEM).
Infants and young children are the
ones seriously affected by this form
of malnutrition

 Is caused by sever lack of protein

and may occur even if the children

are getting enough calories from
energy foods.

 Children affected by kwashiorkor

have smaller faces, wrinkled legs

and arms and undeveloped muscles.
Their hair gets thinner and in
general, they show stunted growth.
They also have low resistance
against infection.

 Caused by lack of calories or

inadequate amount of protein.

Children with marasmus are
reduced to skin and bones.. They
look like old people with
withered and wrinkled faces.

 Is a form of malnutrition.

It results
form inadequate intake of essential
nutrients over an extended period of
time.