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Scale
Pointer
Movable
Coil
i1
i2
Fixed Coil
Principle:
When AC current flows through two suitably
located coils (current coil & potential coil)
They produce rotating magnetic field which is cut by the
metallic disc suspended near to the coils, thus an e.m.f. is
induced in the disc which circulates eddy currents in it.
By the interaction of rotating magnetic field
& eddy currents, electromagnetic torque is developed
which causes the disc to rotate.
Construction:
1. Driving System
i) Series Magnet
ii) Shunt Magnet
2. Moving System
3. Braking System
4. Recording Mechanism
DRIVING SYSTEM:
Series Magnet:
The series electromagnet is energized by a coil, known
as current coil which is connected in series with the load so that it
carry the load current.
The flux produced by this magnet is proportional to, and in phase with
the load current.
Shunt Magnet:
A coil having large number of turns of fine wire is wound on the
middle limb of the shunt magnet.
This coil is known as pressure or voltage coil and is connected across
the supply mains. This voltage coil has many turns and is arranged to
be as highly inductive as possible.
This causes the current, and therefore the flux, to lag the supply
voltage by nearly090.
MOVING SYSTEM
It consists of a light aluminum disc mounted on a vertical
spindle.
The disc is positioned in the air gap between series & shunt
magnet.
The spindle is supported by a cup shaped jewelled bearing at
the bottom end & has a spring journal bearing at the top end.
Since there is no control spring, the disc makes continuous
rotation under the action of deflecting torque.
BRAKING SYSTEM
A permanent magnet positioned near the edge of the aluminum
disc, forms the braking system.
When the disc moves in the field of the braking magnet, flux is
cut & eddy currents are induced in the disc.
The direction of induced currents is such that it opposes the
rotation, thus braking torque is produced.
Recording Mechanism:
The function of recording or registering mechanism is to
record continuously a number on the dial which is
proportional to the revolutions made by the moving
system.
REED
TYPE
FREQUENCY METER
The circuit may be taken as unbalanced one, balanced type being only a special
case.