MOTIVATION IS DEFINED

AS A PROCESS THAT
INITIATES,GUIDES AND
MAINTAINS GOALORIENTED BEHAVIOUR.

Motivation is defined simply as what causes people to

behave as they do.

There is a lack of a single commonly accepted meaning of

motivation and organizational development however there are

some areas of consensus.
motivated behavior is goal-directed behavior.

motivation is limited and directed by situations and

environments in which people find themselves.

All organizations need motivated employees and

motivation is also critical to our own personal

success.
Motivation is particularly important in government

organizations and in the public sector it is aimed at

the achievement of public purposes.
In a very real sense, the quality of our

neighborhoods, communities, and world depends

upon motivation.

When the employees are not

motivated
There will be
Breakover
Ineffectiveness
Inefficiency
Less productivity
Organisation will not be able to achieve its goals

PROCESS OF MOTIVATION
Unsatisfied
need

Tension

REDUCTION
OF TENSION

Satisfied
need

Drives

Search
behaviour

To enhance our experience at work it is important to

understand what motivates us.

When we are highly motivated we can influence others in a

constructive way.
Understanding what motivates us can help us make prudent

career choices that allow us to work in organizational settings

that keep us excited and interested in our work.

Positive reinforcement applying valued consequences that

increase the likelihood that a person
will repeat the behavior that led to it

Negative reinforcement - removing or

withholding an undesirable consequence
can involve the threat of punishment

THEORIES ON MOTIVATION
THEORIES

MCLELLAND

HERZBERG

MASLOW

TAYLOR

DRUCKER
MC
GREGOR

Maslows Hierarchy of Needs

Herzbergs Two-Factors
Theory
The motivation theory that
intrinsic (Motivators) factors
are related to job satisfaction
and motivation, where as
extrinsic (Hygiene) factors are
associated with job
dissatisfaction.

Cntd....
Hygiene factors: extrinsic
(environmental) factors that eliminate
job dissatisfaction, but don't motivate.

Motivators: intrinsic (psychological)

factors that create job satisfaction
and motivation

Herzbergs MotivationHygiene Theory

MCCLELLAND THEORY

THREE
NEED
THEORY

MCCLLELAND THEORY
There are three major acquired (not innate) needs that are major motives in
work.
Need for achievement (nAch)

The drive to excel and to achieve in relation to set standards and strive
to succeed.

Need for power (nPow)

The need to influence the behaviour of others

Need of affiliation (nAff)

The desire for interpersonal relationships

McGregors Theory X and Theory Y

Theory X
Assumes that workers have little ambition, dislike work, avoid

responsibility, are lazy and and require close supervision.

Theory Y
Assumes that employees are creative, enjoy work, seek

responsibility and can exercise self direction.

Motivation is maximized by participative decision making,

interesting jobs, and good group relations.

SUGGESTIONS
Match people to jobs
Use goals
Recognize individual differences
Ensure that goals are perceived as attainable
Individualize rewards
Link rewads to performance
Check system foy equity
Use recognition
Show care and concern for your employee
Dont ignore money

ITS ALL ABOUT PEOPLE