Elimination of plant pathogens:

Plant pathogens:
Nematodes, Fungi, Bacteria, Nematodes, Rikettsia,
Mycoplasma, Viruses and Viroids.
can be transmitted from diseased to healthy
plants.
Pathogen tested Plants

Disease Triangle:

Selection of uninfected Parts:

Geminivirus infection on leaf of Eupatorium makinoi

Selection of uninfected Parts:

Vitis vinifera infected with ascomycete fungus Eutypa lata

http://urbanext.illinois.edu/containergardening/problems.cfm

Elimination of plant pathogens:

Powdery Mildew
(Fungal)
Place plants in the proper
growing site with good air
circulation.
Avoid shady humid areas.
Follow good sanitation
practices.
Avoid over fertilization and
watering.

Aphids (Insect)
Control:
Insect predators such as lady
beetles, lacewings, syrphid flies
and parasitic wasps.
Fungi that attack aphids.
Plain water from a hose can
wash them off.
Insecticides.

Meristem Culture:

Meristem Culture
Meristem isolation and culture:
Meristem viral free culture ?

High metabolic activity

Lack of vascular system
High auxin conc.

VIRUS ELIMINATION
THERAPY:

1. Thermotherapy
Virus elimination procedure:
Preconditioning at High
Temp.

37 to 380C for 2 t0 4
weeks

Buds raise virus free

plants

Heat Treatment

Temp.
30 to 50 0C

Methods:

Water soaking

Expose to hot
air

Expose to
aerated steam

Replication is
significantly Reduced
at elevated
temperature.
Production of viral
movement protein and
coat protein are temp.
sensitive

1.Thermotherapy:

2. Cryo-therapy:
Prolonged exposure of shoot tip culture to a low temperature (
5 0C) .
E.g. In chrysanthemum, shoot tip culture exposed with 50C for
4 months.
Result:
67 % free from chrysanthemum stunt virus (CSV)
22% were free from chrysanthemum chloritic mottle virus (
CCMV).
The frequency is increased to 73 % in case of CSV and to 49
percent in CCMV after 7.5 months exposure to 5 0C.

3. Chemo-therapy:
Incorporation of antiviral drugs into the culture medium
for curing the shoot tips virus.
eg: Virazole, 2-thiouracil, Cyclohexamide.
Virazole: nucleoside analogue
broad spectrum against animal DNA and RNA
viruses
Ribavirin: Guanosine analogue
DHT( %-dihydroazauracil): uracil analoge
shown variable results when applied to the potato
plant as spray or in hydroponiz culture followed by
meristem culture.

SURFACE STERILIZATION :
Ethanol (Alcohol)

Mercuric chloride.
Bactericides and fungicides.
Antibiotics

Gentamycin
Rifampicin
Nystatin + Carbenecillin
Gentamycin + Amphotericin B
Vancomycin-HCI + Mycostatin
Streptomycin + Carbenecillin

Production of materials with in the

Nursery:

http://www.iht.edu.in/mgt-616.html

Growing seedlings:

Reference:
Plant Product Biotechnology By P.R. Yadav

http://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PNAAW412.pdf