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Basin docks
Floating dry docks
Docking plan
Docking procedure
Vessel handling
Basin or graving docks are large, fixed basins built into the ground at
waters edge, separated from the water by a dock gate.
Basin docks are capable of docking all sizes of vessels, with capacities of
over 200,000 tons.
Its basic structure consists of a floor, sidewalls, head (front) wall and a dock
gate. Alters (steps) may be incorporated into the side walls for structural
stability.
A basin dock is a large structure cut into the ground that usually
has a natural water table. Unless that water can be prevented
from reaching the structure, hydraulic pressure will build up
tending to float the dock out of the ground.
Wing
Deck
Wing
Deck
Ship
Weight
Safety
Deck
Wing
Wall
Safety
Deck
Wing
Wall
Pontoon
Net Buoyancy
Sectional Dock
A floating dock, which has no structural continuity over its length,
is a sectional dock.
Some sectional docks are joined with locking logs which loosely
aligns the sections but cannot take much force or hinge pins,
which can take shear (vertical force) but not moment (sections
can rotate relative to one another).
Other sectional docks are joined with moment connections (pins
or plates at the top and bottom of the wings) and act like a
Rennie type dock. It is very important the condition of these
pins to be monitored and inspected.
Additionally, ballasting and deballasting operations can be very
critical on these types of docks due to bending and deflection.
Sectional docks are usually self-docking.
The U.S. Navy does not allow docking of their vessel in a
sectional dock unless the sections have been attached with
moment connectins forming a Rennie type dock.
Materials
Docks have been constructed out of wood, iron, steel and concrete.
A steel dock weighs about 35% of its lift capacity. (6,000 tons
steel dock weighs 2,100 tons)
DOCKING PLANS
Ship's Longitudinal
Ship's Hull Plate
Side Block
Pontoon Deck
DOCKING PROCEDURES
Docking procedures include:
Advance preparation
Pre-docking checks
Docking operation
Advance Preparation
Advance preparation is probably the most critical step in the docking
procedure.
Advance preparation includes gathering the information required for planning
the docking and conducting a docking conference to insure all parties are
informed as to the procedures of the docking.
Information helpful for planning docking includes:
-Place & date of last drydocking
Pre-Docking Checks
Pre-docking checks include:
Independent check of block heights and offsets
Check on water depth availability
Check clearances with available water depth
Check marks for positioning ship
Check crane clearances
Check layout of lines
Check centering devices
Vessel Handling
Bringing a vessel into dock through block obstructions can be
difficult. Many obstructions must be avoided most of the time
these are underwater and not visible when docking the vessel.
Good control and advanced planning is essential.
Typical line positions when bringing a vessel into dock are
shown in Figure.
Some methods that can be used for final positioning of the ship include:
Optical sighting
Floating buoys (not accurate due to wind & current)
Questions:
1. What do you mean by Basin Dry Dock? Draw a C/S through Basin
Dock Body showing different components of Basin Dry Dock.
2. What are the advantages and disadvantages of basin dry dock?
3. Write short note on types of basin dry dock. Drae neat sketches to
support your answer.
4. What is docking plan? Which are the steps of docking procedure?
Write about any one step in detail.
5. What do you mean by floating dry dock? What are the advantages
and disadvantages of it? Draw a neat sketch of floating dry dock.
6. What do you mean by vessel handling? Explain with neat sketches.