In Building Solution

By: Ahmad Taheri

Outline

Introduction

Solutions

Small Cell

Distributed Antenna System

Design Consideration

Introduction
Forecasting Mobile Data Traffic By Cisco

1EB = 1billion GB

Source: Cisco.com

Introduction
Mobile Using inside Building

Source: Alcatel-Lucent.com

Introduction
Key Benefit of in Building Solution (IBS)

Improving Coverage and

Capacity inside Building

Increasing Revenue & better Competition

Introduction
Problems for Improving Coverage inside Building

1. Physical Obstacles like Buildings and etc.

2. Interference

Solutions
How we can improve inside building Coverage and
Capacity?

Solution

Small Cell

Distributed Antenna System (DAS)

SMALL CELL
In Building Solution By Small Cell

Components
Small cells
LAN Network
shared IP
central gateway

Small
Cellinside building Coverage and
How we can improve

Small Cell

Capacity?

Distance Range
Out Put Power

Femto Cell
Femto Cell

10 m ~ 50 m
10 mW~200 mW

Application
Indoor

Pico Cell
Pico Cell

Micro Cell
Micro Cell

100 m ~ 300 m
250 mW ~ >2 W
250 m ~ 1 km
2 W ~ 20 W (5 W)

Indoor/Outdoor

Outdoor

SMALL
In Building Solution By Small Cell

Small Cell
In Building Solution By Small Cell

Small Cell
In Building Solution By Small Cell

Small Cell
Advantages vs Disadvantages

Advantage
Simple Deployment
Cost effective for Small and Medium
Building
Shared Backhaul on Internet
Integrated WIFI

Disadvantage
Just for One Mobile Operator
Not Cost Effective for large Building ( > 10000 m^2(
Needs additional gateway in Mobile Switch Center
Not Able to Create Neutral Host

(DAS)
Advantage
Multi Operator Combining
capability
Cost effective for Large
Building
Integrated WIFI

Disadvantage
Complex Deployment
Higher cost

Distributed Antenna System

(DAS)
DAS
Passive Active

Using
Coax
Cable

Using
Fiber
Optic
Cable

Hybrid

Using
Combinati
on of Coax
and Fiber
Optic

Components
RF Source
Antenna
Combiner
Cables
Splitter
Coupler
Power Amplifier

Passive DAS
Advantages vs Disadvantages
Advantage

disadvantage

Less Complex

High attenuation

Supporting Multiple
Carrier Frequencies

Difficult and expensive to install

Not suited for large Building

Active DAS
Advantages vs Disadvantages

Advantage
Simple installation cost
Low attenuation
Suitable for Large Building

disadvantage
High Cost for Equipment
Dont Support Multi Operator

Hybrid DAS
Advantages vs Disadvantages

Advantage
Less Attenuation than Passive
Less installation cost than passive
Suitable for Medium & Large
Building

disadvantage
Higher Attenuation than
active

Design Steps
1

Pre Planning & Solution Selecting

RF calculation and Basic Design

Detail Design

Selecting Right
Solution?
Small Cell or DAS

Design Pre-planning

Pre-Planing
RF Consideration
Facility & Installation
Consideration
Business
Consideration

Pre-Planning
Facility Consideration
We need To answer :
Type of Facility?
Types of Materials in facility?
Estimated number of Subscribers?
Approximate size of facility (Square meter) ?
Approximate size of Office Area (Square meter) ?
How many Floors?
Is there cable infrastructure?
Is there building plans?

Pre-Planning
RF Consideration
We need To answer :
Design goal in terms of dBm?
How many operators Network ?
WIFI integrated?
Is there public safety service?
Which Bands for using? GSM, 3G, WIFI
and etc.?
What is RF source ( Back haul) ?
Capacity needs for each technology ?

RF Calculation
link Budget for an Example Building

Building Features

10 floor

Solution

Passive DAS

Frequency Bands

GSM 900

Design Goal

-80 dBm

RF Calculation

10th Floor

RSSI= -100 dBm

Link Budget
10 dB
Coupler

7/8

5m
50 m
1/2

1/2

2-waySplitter

Concrete Wall
Antenna
2 dBi

50 m
Loss = 79 dB

Downlink Uplink

2-way Splitter = 3dB

Coupler = 0.5 dB

27dBm

50 m

5m

BTS1
GSM
900

loss for 7/8 cable = 2 dB

loss1/2 = 7 dB

Concrete Wall = 15 dB
Air Path Loss @ 900MHz = 51.5 dB

Air Path Loss (dB) =31.5+ 20 log (d)

Sreq= -80 dBm
BTS (output)= S(Downlink) + Loss (total) Gain(Antenna)
S(Downlink)= -70 dBm

In Building Solution Vendors

Companies
Alcatel- Lucent

France

Ericson

Swiss

Huawei

China

Nokia-Siemens

Finland

Axell-wireless

UK

Cisco

USA

Contela

South Korean

IP.Access

UK

NEC

JAPAN

Fujitsu

JAPAN