GOD, LOGIC, AND ...

QUANTUM INFORMATION

VASIL PENCHEV
Dept. Logical Systems and Models,
Institute for the Study of Societies
and Knowledge, Bulgarian Academy
of Sciences
vasildinev@gmail.com
________________________
1st World Congress Logic and
Religion
Joo Pessoa, Paraba, Brasilia
1 5 April 2015

An extended version of the

presentation at the Congress at:
http://issuu.com/vasil7penchev/docs/
joaopessoa/0
http://www.authorstream.com/Present
ation/vasil7penchev-2342255-god-log
ic-quantum-information/
https://www.scribd.com/doc/2496329
93/God-Logic-and-Quantum-Informati
on
http://www.slideshare.net/vasil7pen
chev/joao-pessoa-42517166

The thesis is:

The concept of quantum information
introduced by quantum mechanics allows of
an interpretation of the world as conscious
Then logic is the result of the action of that
conscious medium
Common scientific sense understands
the world as unconscious, inert, dead, and
absolutely opposing to the human being
having free will, consciousness, thought

The concept of quantum

computer

As usual, quantum mechanics and the

theory of quantum information call that
interpretation quantum computer or the
universe (world) as a quantum computer
In fact, that term is misleading because
computer means a piece of that
unconscious, inert, and dead matter,
which makes something similar to human
calculating actions only externally, only
looking like them
Thus, a quantum computer, though
quantum, is a computer, only a tool

The free will of quantum

computer

However, one can show that this quantum

computer possesses the capability of free
choice and some kind of natural teleology
A random free choice turns out to be
guaranteed to any item in the universe
according to quantum mechanics, more
exactly according to the so-called free will
theorems (Conway, Kochen 2006; 2009)
That natural teleology tends to order the
universe by the time course itself:
Then logic is a set of those orderings as the
result of that tendency

Free choice and goal of a quantum

computer
The link between the free choice and
teleology generates one phenomenon,
which can be investigated by science
Mathematics connects them as to any finite
set and generalizes that connection to any
infinite set by the axiom of choice
equivalent to the well-ordering theorem (or
principle)
Thus choice and well-ordering turn out
to be equivalent, where well-ordering is
the strongest and mathematical concept for
order

God as the free will of the

universe
It can be called the free will of the universe

and interpreted as a scientific conception

of God or as a hypostasis of Him studied
by theology
Free will underlain by quantum mechanics
in the ground of nature is a usual term for
theology
Theology understands the Divine Free Will
as generating the human free will
In final analysis, quantum mechanics
interprets that Divine Free Will as the free
will of nature, which is rather similar in
essence

Logic by the free will of the universe

The same viewpoint includes all logics or the
conception of universal logic in a natural way
All kinds of logic are generalized as order and
orderings to that universal order of logic
Then universal logic is the universal order of
logic, to which tends the universe (1) by itself
or (2) by the free will of the universe as
a single quantum computer, or (3) by the
Divine free will
Those three are only different interpretations
of one and the same fact

Logic as a partial ordering

Any logic of anything can be seen as a
partial ordering and thus as a stage of the
universal and single well-ordering of the
universe going to the past and
accomplished by the universe as a
quantum computer
The course of time orders that anything
partially and gradually to some order
Even more, that order is the necessary
and sufficient condition for that
anything to occupy its destined place in
the single universal order of all things

Time and ordering

Thus, any that should be a partial result in the
ordering in the course of time from future to
past by the meditation of the present,
and of the choices made in the present
The time itself, or more exactly the natural
course of time, is what orders all
However that natural course of time according
to quantum mechanics is opposite and inverse
to the prejudice of common sense:
The orderings grow up from past to future only
by means of conservation without needing any
free will for that, according to common sense

Arguments for the thesis:

(I) The course of time as ordering by
itself
(II) Universal logic in terms of order
and orderings
(III) The ontological interpretation of
universal logic

Time in terms of quantum

mechanics
Course of time can be described in terms
of quantum mechanics as follows:
The future by itself is a coherent state, in
which all is mixed in an absolutely
homogenous way (Neumann 1932;
Kochen, Specker 1968):
It is a superposition of all possible states,
which can be interpreted both as states
of the universe (following after Gibbs)
and as items (separated elements) within
the universe (after Boltzmann)

From a coherent state to a wellordering

The absolutely coherent state of future decoheres gradually into less and less
entangled quantum systems by means of
choices
(or measurements) made in the present
The next stage is the present
However it is not more than a thin line, a
phase transition between two primary and
opposite media or rudiments of time:
future and the past

From community to dividing

Thus, those entangled quantum systems are
being transformed in mechanical systems
absolutely separated to each other in and after
the limit from the present to the past
The tool of that dividing is de-coherence
in a physical sense, or choice in both
ontological and mathematical sense
This is the essence of the being understood as
all existing and absolutely concentrated in the
present:
However that essence transcends the present
being referred to both future and past and can
be designated as time

Universal logic
Universal logic can be considered as the
series of partial orderings of some universal
class, e.g. that of all sets
Any subset (B) of that class of orderings is
a different logic
That subset B can be defined in two ways:
By means of some subclass or subset of that
universal class of all as all orderings of it or
some part of them: i.e. as the logic of
something
By some property featuring unambiguously
all elements of that class of the subset B

Two ways for a logic to be

defined
Then, any given logic will be exactly one
member of that series and can be defined:
(1) by the set, to which the partial
orderings refer as its logic, and
(2) by the rule, which can generate just
the partial ordering, i.e. by the property,
which describes the set of all wellorderings representing the partial ordering
in question
(1) refers the essence of logic to the
matter, and (2): to the structure

(1) Logic as the logic of something

The definition (1) determines the logic as
the logic of something where that
something is the set or the class, which
has to be ordered and its logic means the
way and degree of that ordering
This suggests that the something in
question is separated and distinguished
from all other items in advance
Thus the ordering refers only to the internal
structure of it rather than to external links,
which are granted implicitly in the concept
of that thing

Any scientific theory as a logic of

something
The definition (1) includes both:
(1.1) Any scientific theory as the logic
of the object of the theory, and properly
(1.2) The logics of something where
that something is some set more
interesting by the rule (2), which can
generate it rather than by itself
Physics is an example of 1.1, and the
too uncertain and amorphous class of all
propositions as an example for 1.2

Logic defined by an abstract set of

well-orderings
The definition (2) includes both:
(2.1) the case of the explicit property
generating (all) well-orderings on any
set independently of the interpretation
of its elements, and
(2.2) the topological representation
of the logic as the description of all
well-orderings one by one rather than
a common property determining
unambiguously all well-orderings as it
is in the former case

Logic as calculus
The idea for thought to be substituted by
logical calculus has inspired logic for
centuries
This suggests involving some relevant
algebraic structure, usually such as lattice, in
order to be formalized thought as a set of
statements
Any set of well-orderings admits always a
lattice and thus the cherished logical calculus
to be deduced from it
However this is not true as to the initial,
material set, to the set of subsets of which
the well-orderings in question refer

Logic of something vs. logic as

calculus

Consequently, the logic of anything turns out

to depends essentially of what is ordered:
For example, any theory as that logic is true
only in relation to its subject, but not at all
On the contrary, any logical calculus relying
on the abstract properties of some sets of
well-orderings and corresponding lattice is
absolute independent of what is ordered
Consequently, the reduction of logic to
lattices and thus different logical calculi is
too attractive and ... dogmatic: Logic needs
to abandon calculus ...

The ontological interpretation of

universal logic
(III) The collaboration of quantum
mechanics by the conception of quantum
information allows of a natural ontological
interpretation of universal logic
The universe and any item in it are to be
logical in order to be able to become
past, i.e. going to the past
The absolute and universal law
consisting in transforming the future into
the past implies universal logic

Ordering at all: both logic

and time

There is a natural process of ordering in the

course of time independent of what is ordered
The concept of universal logic and thus of any
logic reflect the emancipation of order and
ordering from what is ordered as well as the
degree of that emancipation
The same emancipation can be also
expressed by the concept of time and that of
the physical time in nature in particular
One can say that both time and logic are
different hypostases of one and the same for
both are orderings

What is ordered ...

What is ordered can be e.g. the world,
i.e. the universe as a whole, or any part
of it, i.e. any quantum system
What is ordered cannot be absolutely
separated from the way of ordering
The cognition of ordering, i.e. the
structure is referred as usual to logic and
mathematics, and what is ordered to
physics, biology and all other sciences:
There is an ostensible gap between them
in cognition: the gap between the socalled spirit and matter

Universal logic versus what is

ordered
So, universal logic can be interpreted as
the successive partial results in the process
of ordering independent of what is ordered
However universal logic can be understood
a little otherwise: as a way that
fundamental gap in cognition to be
gradually overcome
This is the gap between
Spirit, subject, structure, mathematics,
logics, and correspondingly:
Matter, object, thing or set, physics and
natural sciences

Order, ordering, and wellordering

That ordering is a well-ordering and it

originates from the course of time
Thus ordering is understood in a rigorous
and mathematical way
Furthermore, it can be referred to the
qualitative concept of order at all
Information is some relation of orders
The quantity of information refers to the
relation of well-orderings
Thus information and the quantity of
information is immediately linked to

The course of time

orders ....

According to quantum mechanics, the

general course of time can be described as a
(well-) ordering in thus
Consequently information should be also
referred to the course of time expressing the
relation of two or more different times or
logics as different ways of ordering
That information units the past, present, and
future as a universal concept and as a
quantity invariant and conserving in the
course of time
Consequently, information is what glues
both time and logic

The choice of the present

The coherent state of future is being ordered
into the single well-ordering of the past here
and now by the meditation of the all choices
in the present accomplishing the ordering
Information can be also understood as the
quantity of those ordering choices:
A bit is an elementary choice between two
equally probable alternatives
A quantum bit (qubit) is an elementary
choice among the elements of an infinite set
The corresponding information in the latter
case is quantum: quantum information

The ordering of the

orderings

That universal well-ordering in turn orders

well all partial results, each of which is
some logic
Consequently, the concept of universal
logic means not only
(1) A single universal and even logical and
mathematical order of all, but furthermore:
(2) A derivative, single, and universal order
of all logics as a consecutive series of
stages to the single universal logic or order

Universal logic as the series of all

logics

Consequently, the series of all logics turns out

to be well-ordered if that is the conception of
universal logic
Even more, the quantity of (quantum)
information can serve as a measure between
two logics
The space of logics can be ordered in the
distance of quantum information
That space is Hilbert space underlying quantum
mechanics and thus nature according to it
The space of all logics turns out to be identical
and thus indistinguishable from the space of all
things

The distance between two

logics

The distance between any two logics

can be measured by the quantity of
(quantum) information
However any value of quantum
information is a wave function:
That is a state of some quantum
system corresponds to any two logics
Consequently, the state of anything in
the sense of quantum mechanics is the
distance of two orderings as logics of it

Information as the distance

between two logics:
Any logic is unambiguously determined by both:
(1) the information distance from the coherent
state (the absolute future), and
(1) the single well-ordering (the absolute past)
The orderings underlie the things for any two of
the formers represent a single state of the latters
Logic(s) underlies the world in the sense
revealed by universal logic

Conclusions:
The concept of quantum information allows
the universe to be considered as having
both free choice and goal: thus both free
will and teleology
This can be interpreted as a scientific
equivalent or hypostasis of God
Universal logic is the result of the ordering
of the universe
Any logic is a set of orderings in the way to
a single universal order

REFERENCES:

Conway, John and Kochen, Simon (2006)

"The Free Will Theorem," Foundations of
Physics 36(10): 14411473 (arXiv:quantph/0604079)
Conway, John and Kochen, Simon (2009)
The Strong Free Will Theorem, Notices of
the AMS 56(2): 226-232 (arXiv:0807.3286)
Kochen, S., Specker, E. (1968) Journal of
Mathematics and Mechanics 17(1): 59-87.
Neumann, J. von (1932). Mathematische
Grundlagen der Quantenmechanik, Berlin:
Springer, pp. 167-173 (Chapter IV.2).

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