Analysis of patch's shapes

on microstrip monopole
antenna for ultra wideband
technology range frequency
3.1-10.6 GHz
Final Assignment Presented by :
Suryana Sumanta (111070029)
Adviser :
1. Nachwan Mufti A, ST.,MT
2. Tenku Ahmad Riza, ST.,MT

Background
UWB (ultra wide band) has a high
wireless data rates (480 Mbps )
UWB operate in the 3.1-10.6 GHz
need an wideband antenna with small
dimension
Problem: how to design microstrip
antenna with wider bandwidth but by
decrease Q factor

Research objective
To improve the bandwidth of a microstrip
monopole antenna by using a lowering Q
factor approach
To analyze the effect of widening patch on
the bandwidth of a microstrip monopole
antenna.
To analyze the effect of changing patchs
shapes on the bandwidth of a microstrip
monopole antenna.
To get the best patch shapes on monopole
microstrip antenna for UWB technology

Problem statement
How to design a microstrip monopole
antenna using CST microwave 2010
simulator
How to improve bandwidth using a
lowering Q factor approach.

Boundary
Using microstrip monopole Antenna
model.
Using CST 2010 simulator
Fabrication process of antenna using
fotoetching

Basic theory

Background: UWB
technology

Frequency = 3.1-10.6 GHz

Wireless data rates = 480 Mbps
Use :

1. Vehicular Radar Systems.

2. Medical imaging system.
3. Communications and Measurement Systems.

Background: Design microstrip

problem Q factor vs Bandwidth
Q=
BW = fc / Q

Hypothesis:
By increasing the diameter, we can decrease Inductance.
When inductance is decreased, Q factor too. And then,
we can increase the bandwidth [13]

[13] Laport, Edmund,Radio Antenna Engineering, Mc

Graw Hill, New York, 1952

Review Literature on Broadband

techniques for microstrip patch
antennas
Approach

Techniques

Lower the Q

Select the radiator shape

Thicken the substrate
Lower the dielectric constant
Increase the losses

Use impedance matching

Insert a matching network

Add tuning elements
Use slotting and notching patches

Introduce multiple resonances

Use parasitic (stacked or coplanar) elements

Use slotting patches, insert
impedance networks
Use an aperture, proximity
coupling

Flow Chart of Antenna Design Process

Mulai
Analisa
Menentukan spesifikasi
desain antena

Menentukan dimensi awal

Kesimpulan

Ya

Optimasi antena
(bentuk dan
ukuran patch)

Memband
ingkan
dengan
hasil
simulasi

Pemodelan
Tidak
Uji simulasi dengan CST
2010 Simulator

Pengukuran
Ya

Hasil
simulasi
sesuai
dengan
spesifikasi

Realisasi
prototipe

Optimasi
prototipe
Tidak

Selesai

Design and simulation

Design Objectives for UWBs

Antenna

Frequency
: 3,1-10,6 GHz
VSWR
: 2
Gain
: 0 dBi
Radiation pattern : Omni-directional
Polarization
: Linier

Transmission line

Wg = 50 mm Lg = 50 mm w = 3
mm

Transmission line and stripline antenna:

The effect of ground-plane cutting

Basic
groundplane

After groundplane cutting

Ground-plane cutting
having effect to add EM
radiation capabilities

Transmission line and stripline antenna

Basic
groundplane

G= -20,49 dBi
After groundplane cutting

G= 2,891 dBi

Parametric Studies of basic

antenna shape
Study to change the
dimension variables of
basic antenna shape
and its effect to
antenna parameters

Parametric Studies

Change ls

Pengaruh perubahan Ls terhadap

frekuensi resonansi
Frekuensi (GHz)

3.4
3.2
3
2.8
2.6
2.4
2.2
2
15.5 16.377 17.45 18.53 19.611 20.688 21.766 22.844 23.922
Ls (mm)

25

Parametric studies

Change lg

Best =>

Lg = 29 mm

Change Lg isnt to much

have an effect to change
a resonant frequency.
Its only affecting the
matching of antenna .

Parametric studies
Change wg

Grafik perubahan Wg terhadap

bandwidth
Bandwidth (Mhz)

1000
900
800
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
20

25

30

35
40
Wg (mm)

45

50

55

Maximum
bandwidth
(wg =35) =
869 MHz

Parametric studies: Widen the

patch
Ls =15.3 mm

Lg = 29 mm

Wg = 35 mm

Best =>
Strip line

Sw =13.55 mm
g = 1.75 mm

Rectangular

BW stripline = 869 MHz

BW Rectangular (widening stripline antenna patchs) = 7,503 GHz
f= 3,082-10,585 Ghz

Widening a patch can increase the bandwidth of an

antenna

Parametric studies: Change patch

shapes
Ls =15.3 mm

Lg = 29 mm

Best =>

Wg = 35 mm

R=7.65 mm
g = 0 mm

circular
BW circular = 8,089 GHz
f= 3,737 5,031 Ghz and 6,111 12,906 GHz.

Parametric studies: Change patch

shapes
Ls =15.3 mm

Lg = 29 mm

Wg = 35 mm

Best =>

R = 15.05
mm
g = 0.25 mm

half circular
BW half circular = 10,575 GHz
f=2,306-12,881 GHz

Compare VSWR

Parameter Antena

Rectangular

Sirkular

Semi sirkular

Objective design

Range frekuensi

3,082-10,585

3,737-5,031 dan

2,306-12,881

3,1-10,6

10,575

7,5

(GHz)

6,111-12,906

Bandwidth (GHz)

7,503

8,089

Changing patch shapes of antenna can increase the

bandwidth

Radiation pattern

Polarization

All of them have a linier

polarization

Compare
Parameter Antena

Rectangular

Sirkular

Semi sirkular

Objective design

Range frekuensi

3,082-10,585

3,737-5,031 dan

2,306-12,881

3,1-10,6

10,575

7,5

(GHz)

6,111-12,906

Bandwidth (GHz)

7,503

Pola radiasi

Omnidirectional Omnidirectional

Omnidirectional

Omnidirectional

Gain (dbi)

5,779

5,506

5,824

Polarisasi

linier

linier

linier

linier

Best patch = semi sirkular

8,089

Final Design

Measurement and Analysis

Network Analyzer Measuring Results

Perbandingan VSWR saat simulasi dan pengukuran

3.5

VSWR

Bw simulation =
10,575 Ghz

2.5
simulasi

pengukuran

vswr 2
1.5

Bw measurement
=
10,285 GHz

1
0

6
8
Frekuensi (GHz)

10

12

14

Error = 2,77 %

Gain
Pengukuran

Freq = 4.34 Ghz

2
3
4
5
6

Gain simulation = 3,854 dBi

Gain measurement = 3,806
dBi

8
9
10
Average

Gain(dBi)

Level daya terima

antena
Horn referensi
(-dbm)

Level daya terima

antena
Patch semi sirkular
(-dbm)

-38.29
-38.76
-38.05
-38.28
-38.04
-38.17
-38.21
-38.22
-38.17
-38.10
-38.229
12

-46.14
-46.67
-46.80
-46.41
-46.20
-46,05
-46.01
-46.50
-46.62
-46.83
-46.423
3,806

Radiation pattern
340

350 0

340
10

-5

310

40

280

-25

80

270

-30

90

50
60

-15

290

70

-20

40

-10

300
60

-15

290

20
30

310
50

-10

300

10

-5

320

30

320

330

20

330

350 0

70

-20

280

-25

80

270

-30

90

260
260

100

100
250

250

110

110
240

240

120

230

130
220

140
210

150
200

190

180

170

160

120

230

130
220

140
210

150
200

190

180

170

160

Elevation
Azimuth
Radiation pattern = Omni-directional

Polarization
340

350

10

20

-2

330

30

-4

320

40

-6

310

50

-8
300

60

-10
-12

290

70

-14
-16

280

80

-18
-20

270

90

260

100

250

110

240

120
230

130
220

140
210

150
200

190

180

170

160

Measurement

Simulation

Polarization = elips

Polarization = linier

Compare between simulation and

measurement

Parameter

Spesifikasi awal

Hasil simulasi

Hasil Realisasi

catatan

Bandwidth

7,5 GHz

10,575 Ghz

10,285 GHz

Tercapai

Frekuensi kerja
(vswr 2)

3,1-10,6 Ghz

2,306-12,881Ghz

2,715 13 Ghz

Tercapai

Pola radiasi

Omnidirectional

Omnidirectional

Omnidirectional

Tercapai

Polarisasi

Linier

Linier

Elips

Tidak

Gain saat 4,34 GHz

0 dbi

3,854 dbi

3,806 dbi

Tercapai

Conclusions and Recommendations

Conclusion
Transmission line can be modified to
become a radiating element by cutting
a half of ground-plane
Bandwith can be increased by
lowering Q factor.
Widening patch of antenna can
increase bandwidth
Changing patch shapes of antenna
can improve bandwidth
Best patch for UWB is half circular.

Recomendation
Try to use another patch shapes .
Try to use slotting and notching
patches
Try to analyze the groundplane
Use an anechoic chamber when doing
a measurement

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Attachment

Attachment

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