REVIEW AND Theoretical

Modeling membrane

Basically, to explain the transport

phenomena in the membrane. then
conducted a review of theoretical
and modeling.

Electrochemical Reviews
Based on the membrane
electrochemical potential can
be formulated as follows:

=
i

o
i

+ kT ln Ci + Ziq

Reviews electric force and

electric field:
Ei = -

Fi = qi Ei

Current of ionic
Ji = q Di ZiCiEi/(kT)

With substituted Ei,

Ci
Zi2q 2 Di Ci d
J i Zi qDi

x
kT
dx
Get Nerns planck equation

IMPEDANCE
1

q2
kTL

0
Z DiCi I L
2
i

The conductance value can be obtained Nor

capacitance :
~

1
~

G m I C m

q
kTL

0
L

2
Z
i D i Ci

conduktance

Capacitance

This is to explain the theoretical

formulation of the impedance,
capacitance and inductance of the
membrane that interact with the
solution ionic or ion

Membrane modelling
Tues membrane can be modeled by
electric circuits consisting of a
combination of capacitors and
inductors (coster)
C

Analisis impedansi
~

Z1

1
~

G 1 I C 1
~

Zm

Z2

1
~

G 2 I C 2

1
~

G m I C m

Combined series between Z1 and Z2

and see ZM formulation, it will
generate value membrane
conductance and capacitance.

G1G 2(G1 G 2) 2 (C12 G 2 C22 G1)

Gm
(G1 G 2)2 2 (C1 C2)2

G 22 C1 G12 C2 2C1C2(C1 C2)

Cm
(G1 G 2)2 2 (C1 C2)2

Cm

Gm

TRANSPORT OF ION
If we consider a charged ion, and he
has the energy itself.
Overall ions basically do not want to
be in the area of energy exceeds the
energy itself.
Energy self-ions are formed due to
the electrostatic energy has to do
with the dielectric constant

 In view of the basic electrical

theory of self-electrostatic
energy is the integral of the
electric field
0.50 (zq)2 4 r 2
u
dr
2 r4
(4 0 ) 0
~

(zq)
u
(8 0d)

Z ion valency
d pore size

Membran

u
The membrane has a dielectric constant
lower than the water, then the energy itself
is higher than in water.
Ions in the membrane transport of energy is
needed or something that makes the energy
ions increases. Or lower energy membranes

This is lower energy self-ions

when passing through the
membrane
A. thickness Factor

(zq)2
2 w
u
ln(
)
(4 m0l) w m

L = thickness

The contribution of the membrane

thickness is very small

 B. Ion kristal
Ions across the membrane is considered
an ionic crystal (crystal form), not
covered in water ions
Ketoka ion energy Pebedaan are the
inner and outer membrane is:
(zq) 2 1
1
u
( )
(8 0d) m w

Slightly larger than the thickness factor

C. hydrated ions
with the ions of water covered the ion
radius will tend to dilate which causes
a small ion energy.
With the arising water interface
tension between water and membrane
(I). Thus the addition of energy (u2)
due to these interface
U2=4Ib2,
b is hydrated ion radius
Thus the total energy difference
becomes

D. Ion pairs
Ions in the opposite sign to form a pair
and then move together through the
membrane
If d + and d-represents the radius of the
positive and negative ions, and j the
distance between them, then the
electrostatic energy of this ion pair is

(zq)2
(zq)2
(zq)2
u

(8 0md ) (8 0md ) (4 0m j)

 J d+ + d_
If considered these ions
together then
J = d+ + d_ ,
2

(zq)
(zq)
(zq)
u

(8 0 md ) (8 0 md ) (4 0 m (d d )

For d+ = d_
(zq) 2
u
(8 0 m d )

it is the same as
before

E. Ion Transport through pore

if there are pores in the membrane
is the membrane area which there
is a high dielectric constant, so
that the ions would prefer to go
through the area
2

(zq) K
du
(4 0 m r )

Conductace of
membrane
In general, the membrane
conductance is a function of time,
which is exponential function and
related to changes in self energy of
ion

G G 0 exp(du / kT)