IMPLANTATING CYBO-MOTOR FOR

RESTORING MOBILITY IN POLIO

AFFECTED LEGS

Under the Esteemed Guidance of

Presented By:
INTRODUCTION
 The field of robotics finds a wide variety of uses in our day-to-day life . In medicine
it is used to conduct surgeries in the sensitive parts like brain and minute heart
surgery. With the emergence of nanotechnology and VLSI technology,

 The size of robots has decreased to a large extent .And at the same time the
efficiency of these machines is reaching the zenith. So why not embed these
efficient , miniscule robots into human body.

 These robots can be implanted in various ways depending on their need and
application. i.e., their brain controls the movement of the wheel chair.
 DESIGN ASPECTS
PRINCIPLE:
BASIC MOTOR PRINCIPLE WITH DIGITALLY OPERATED
CONTROL SYSTEM HAVING ITS ARM MOVING TO AND FRO TO
ANY ANGULAR DISPLACEMENT SPECIFIED.
Components Required:
 Light weight aluminium zirconium alloy motor
 Digitally operated control system.
 Operating remote.
 Demodulator.
 Delay unit(D-flip flop).
 Low flow chargeable long life battery.
Construction Details:
 This system primarily consists of two main parts:
 Neural Sensor
 Cybo-motor.
LET US DISCUSS EACH PART IN DETAIL IN THE
FOLLOWING PARAGRAPHS.

Neural-Sensor:

This is a clock pulse detector with two electrodes. These are fixed to each one of the
upper and lower bones centered about the knee.

 The state of circuit(close/open) depends on moment of legs

 The point where the two electrodes meet, another small plate called clock recipient is
placed . This goes high whenever the two electrodes meet and stays high as long as
leg is bent for motion and it generates a square wave signal.
 Cybo-motor and Neural sensor:

Cybo-motor:

 Mechanical motor.
 Demodulator
 Processor.
 Power supply.
Motor:
 When a signal is given to it , it tends to reduce the angle between its arms
and gets relaxed in absence of signal.
 This can be achieved either with a spring system or with a magnetic
repulsion system inside the motor.
Demodulator:
 It can be embedded in the processor or can be placed outside it.
 This will demodulate the signal received from the signal received from the
other leg to give the required input signal which will drive the motor.
 The power for this signal can be obtained from the same power source used

for working of the motor.

Processor:
 It is required to operate the cybo-motor at various speeds
according to the input clock pulse.
 This will have a clock of its own operating at a certain frequency
 When it receives the signal from demodulator, the phase shifting
part of the processor will produce a phase delay of 180 degrees to
the further proceedings of processor.
 The input signal acts as a clock pulse for this flip-flop , the
processor will switch on/off the power to the cybo-motor in
accordance with i/p signal.
Operation of Processor:
Two possible cases of the motor are to be considered for this processor

• Sitting position

• Standing position

 Whenever a person wants to sit down/walk, he bends his legs or makes them straight and then bends
them.

 This will short/open the circuit of the neural sensor, accordingly a high/low signal is produced.

 Correspondingly, the clock in the processor counts the signal for its high/low state time period
Power Supply:
 This is a simple rechargeable power supply that can be easily embedded
into the legs.
 The required charging can be done by employing wireless charging techniques or in worst
cases by providing a socket out of the body.
 In the former case, conventional communication system may be used and the battery charges
by taking power from the received signal itself.

Power Systems:
 Power systems cannot be an afterthought and, if left to final design stages can result in severe
and adverse effects on the system (excess weight, size, heat ,operational limitations).
 The feasibility of a robotic system can be gauged from the efficacy of it's power system.
 Its alternatives investigated include batteries, fuel cells and generators , thermoelectric
generators, super capacitors, flywheels and wireless charging techniques.
HERE WE WILL BE CONSIDERING THREE
SUCH POWER SYSTEMS . THEY ARE

1.WIRELESS CHARGING TECHNIQUES

2.CAPACITIVE CHARGING

3.ACUPUNCTURE CHARGING
Wireless Charging Technique:
CAPACITIVE
CHARGING:

 This method of power supply involves the charging of a capacitor. While one plate of the capacitor is
external, the other one is embedded in the skin.
 This plate is connected to an embedded battery via a trip-off circuit. A dielectric medium is provided
between the two plates of the capacitor.
 This dielectric medium ensures that the person does not suffer from electric shocks because of the
flow of charge.
 In the absence of the trip-off circuit, there is a possibility of the battery discharging through the
capacitor , when the capacitor is not charging
Acupuncture Charging:

ACUPUNCTURE CHARGING:

 This method is by far the simplest of the charging techniques. This is similar to
the acupuncture way of medical treatment.
 In this method, electrodes, coated with insulating material, are pricked into the
selected regions of the body, where these are directly connected to the charging
circuits.
C
THANK YOU