DEM GENERATION OF JHARIA COAL

FIELD AREA USING

SAR INTERFEROMETRY
Manoj Joseph
Daniel Salvador
K.Hareef Baba Shaeb
Dr.Hitendra Padalia
Dr. S. Rama Subramoniam

Guide : Dr. R.S. Chatterjee

Contents

Objectives
Interferometric SAR
Procedure
Data
DEM
Analysis
References

1. Objectives
To generate DEM for Jharia coal field area
(Jharkhand) using SAR data
To compare the results with SRTM
To analyze the coherence map of the study
area.

2. Interferometric SAR
The basic techniques for extracting height
from SAR images
Phase difference between the two SAR images
is used to generate Digital Elevation Model
(DEM).

2. Interferometric SAR

Fig.1.Basic geometry of SAR

interferometry

3. Procedure
Generation of DEM using SARDA

Registration
Baseline estimation
fringe generation
Coherence estimation
Phase unwrapping
Phase to height

Error Calculation using MATLAB

Read binary image
Resize data

Analysis

4. Data
Single Look Complex
[2 bytes] + j[2 bytes]
C band: 5.6 cm
DoP:12-4-1996 & 13-4-1996
Polarization : VV
Ground Resolution : 25 meter
Swath : 100 kilometer
Data collected in descending Node

4. Data - Work Area

Between latitude 24.20 to 24.53 E and longitude
85.65 to 86.09 W to the west of Jharia Coal field in
Jharkhand.
General altitude varies from 250 meter to 650 meter.
The broad categories of land use and land cover
types present in the study area are sal dominated
forests (confined mainly to elevated areas), large
chunk of wastelands, agriculture, waterbodies and
settlements.

5. DEM Registration

5. DEM Estimated Baseline

From information available in the leader files of
the master and slave images of the data pair.

5. DEM - Generation
Fringe

Smooth Fringes

Estimated coherence

Unwrapped phase

5. DEM w.r.t. ellipsoid

Height
Height drapped with intensity data

Slope

6. Analysis - Error

6. Analysis - Considerations
For quality assessment, 28 points have to be used (20 interior
points and 8 boundary points), in order to be in the NDCDB
USGS standard
Precise knowledge of the baseline geometry is needed
because an error in the baseline cannot be distinguished from
a slope on the terrain surface
Resample in azimuth direction produces aliasing and loss of
spatial resolution
Due unavailability of GCPs, we could not compare out result
for precise validation.
DEM sensitive to:
Layover in ERS DEM caused by steep slopes
Loss of coherence of hilly slopes covered by forest

6. Analysis - Coherence
Degree of complex correlation
Fallow land

Forests

Agriculture

Waterbody

Ravenous land

6. Analysis - Coherence
Order of coherence
cropped field>ravenous land>fallow land>dense
forest>settlement >waterbody
Forest area showed low coherence due to volume
scattering and complex terrain.
Water body showed low coherence due to temporal
change and low singal to noise ratio (large errors in
height surface generation)
Agriculture: high coherence due to surface canopy.
Ravenous land also have high coherence due to
undulating topography.

7. References
R.S. Chatterjee, Lecture Notes
R. Gens, Quality Assesment of SAR
Interferometric Data, ITC, The Netherlands,
1998.
G. Franceschetti and R. Lanori, Synthetic
Aperture Radar Processing, CRC Press LLC,
1999.

Thanks.