STAGES OF

HUMAN
DEVELOPMENT

Developmental psychologyis thescientificstudy of

changes that occur in humanbeings over the course of
their life. Originally concerned withinfants andchildren,
the field has expanded to includeadolescence,adult
development,aging, and the entire lifespan.


Developmental psychologist Erik H. Erikson ( 19021994) was best known for his theory on social
development of human beings, and for coining the
phraseidentity crisis

Infancy (birth to 18 months)

Trust vs Mistrust

Early Childhood (2 to 3 years)

Autonomy vs Shame and Doubt

Preschool (3 to 5 years)
Initiative vs Guilt

School Age (6 to 11 years)

Industry vs Inferiority

Adolescence (12 to 18 years)

Identity vs Role Confusion

Young Adulthood (19 to 40 years)

Intimacy vs Isolation

Middle Adulthood (40 to 65 years)

Generativity vs Stagnation

Maturity(65 to death)
Ego Integrity vs Despair

Development of post-Freudian theory

Erikson was a student of Anna Freud, the daughter of
Sigmund Freud, whose psychoanalytic theory and
psychosexual stages contributed to the basic outline of
the eight stages, at least those concerned with
childhood. Namely, the first four of Erikson's life stages
correspond to Freud's oral, anal, phallic, and latency
phases, respectively. Also, the fifth stage of adolescence
is said to parallel the genital stage in psychosexual
development: