SMART DOOR AND FRIENDLY

ENVIRONMENT WITH SOLAR

CELL

ISAC ILHAM AKBAR HABIBI

2C D4

SMART DOOR AND FRIENDLY ENVIRONMENT WITH SOLAR CELL

1. INTRODUCTION :
Purpose :
Reducing the impact of global warming
Reducing the power needed
Application of today's technology
Target :
The company is in need of power control
Simplify the task of security

2. DESCRIPTION &ALGORITHM :
Global warming is a phenomenon that is very intense to be
discussed. many factors that affect global warming include the use of
continuous power without control. generated power is very large, but
not comparable to the work done. suppose to drive a generator door
continuously. which requires a great power, but just like it.
Then in the modern era like today many people are racing to produce
new innovations in power saving. one of them created a solar cell
with intelligent capabilities, so it is very effective at absorbing the
sun's heat energy.

3. SPESIFICATION :

PIR (Passive Infrared Receiver) is an infrared-based sensor. However, unlike most of

the infrared sensor consists of an IR LED and phototransistor. PIR does not emit any
such IR LED. True to its name 'Passive', this sensor only responds to the energy of
infrared rays passively possessed by each object detected by it. Objects that can be
detected by these sensors is usually the human body. KC7783R PIR detector is a
sensor that will issue a high-level output by between 5-6 volts. In the PIR sensor,
there are parts that have their respective roles, the Fresnel Lens, IR Filter,
Pyroelectric sensor, amplifier, and a comparator.

Electricity generator with its own amplifier always designed with AVR (Automatic
Voltage Regulator) which serves the stator output voltage controller. If tengangan
expected is 220 Volts or 380 Volts then the AVR will control the size of the current
and incoming voltage to the coil on the main amplifier (Main exciter), and will
proceed to distribute the DC voltage on the field winding through the slip ring
amplifier and rectifier diode .

A solar cell (or a "photovoltaic" cell) is a device that converts photons from the sun
(solar light) into electricity.In general, a solar cell that includes both solar and
nonsolar sources of light (such as photons from incandescent bulbs) is termed a
photovoltaic cell. Fundamentally, the device needs to fulfill only two functions:
photogeneration of charge carriers (electrons and holes) in a light-absorbing
material, and separation of the charge carriers to a conductive contact that will
transmit the electricity.

4. 3D PICTURE :

FLOWCHART :

BLOCK ELECTRONIC PICTURE :

1. Motor
In this paper we have tried to bring people in the paths of the concepts about the different
types of engines, their differences and their original uses. We recall the properties of each
class and the precise service they can offer. Finally classifying the types of faults that may
arise and how we identify them.
Sometimes, the routine does not remove the technical rigor. Therefore, it is necessary to
return from time to time, the theoretical concept; reliable source of basic knowledge for
handling equipment, which should ensure better use.
Let's talk about motors, synchronous and asynchronous operating principle. The engine
itself is the foundation of all industry and its basic principles we approach the origin of all
motion, strength and speed.
If a three-phase RST, we connected stator windings in delta and bobinamos all these poles
in the same direction will be different polarities in each pair of diametrically opposite
poles.
This is equally true for a star connection. The field intensity of each of the coils depends
on the current flowing through it and consequently the phase that corresponds. The field
of each coil is increased or decreased following the fluctuation of the curve (Perfectly sine)
of the current flowing through the phase. As that of a three-phase currents are 120 out
of phase with each other, it is natural that the coils also act with a phase shift of 120 .
The simultaneous action of currents of each phase by acting on the coils produce a
rotating magnetic field and there we have the principle of an AC motor

2. PIR
The PIR sensor requires an initial stabilization time of about 10 to 60
seconds in order to function properly. During this time, the sensor gets
familiar with the surrounding environment, and any motion in its field
of view should be avoided.
As stated above, the PIR Module needs a warmup period of about 10
to 60 seconds, during which time its adapting to ambient conditions
and may trigger randomly. So anyone using this simple circuit needs to
be prepared to accept random triggering for a while after startup.
Due to the high sensitivity of PIR sensor device, it is not recommended
to use the module in the following or similar condition:
in rapid environmental changes
in strong shock or vibration
in a place where there are obstructing material (eg. glass) through which IR
cannot pass within detection area.
exposed to direct sun light
exposed to direct wind from a heater or air condition

A 9V /250mAh NI-MH Rechargeable battery is used to test the

prototype. If possible, try to use a 9V type with higher current capacity.
Value of R3-R4-R5 is optimised for the white LEDs used in the
prototype. This needs a re-touch, based on the type of white LEDs
used in your circuit.

3. Solar Cell
Asolar cell(also called aphotovoltaic cell) is an electrical device
that converts the energy oflightdirectly intoelectricityby the
photovoltaic effect. It is a form ofphotoelectric cell, defined as a
device whose electrical characteristicse.g. current, voltage, or
resistancevary when exposed to light.
Cells can be described asphotovoltaiceven when the light source is not
necessarilysunlight(lamplight, artificial light, etc.) Photovoltaic cells are
used as aphotodetector(for exampleinfrared detectors), detecting light
or otherelectromagnetic radiationnear the visible range, or measuring
light intensity.
The operation of a photovoltaic (PV) cell requires 3 basic attributes:
The absorption of light, generating eitherelectron-holepairs orexcitons.
The separation of charge carriers of opposite types.
The separate extraction of those carriers to an external circuit.
In contrast, asolar thermal collectorsupplies heat by absorbing sunlight,
for the purpose of either direct heating or indirect electrical power
generation from heat. A "photoelectrolytic cell" (photoelectrochemical
cell), on the other hand, refers either to a type of photovoltaic cell (like
that developed byEdmond Becquereland modern
dye-sensitized solar cells), or to a device that splits water directly into
hydrogen and oxygen using only solar illumination.