Example 1.

Light from a Helium-Neon laser has a

wavelength of 632 nm. What is the frequency of this
wave?

The Helium Neon Laser

Wavelength
= 632 nm

Laser

c f

c
3 x 108 m/s
f
632 x 10-9 m

14
ff=
=4.75
4.75xx10
1014Hz
Hz

Red light

Example 3. What solid angle is subtended at the

center of a sphere by an area of 1.6 m2? The
radius of the sphere is 5 m.

R
5m

A
1.6 m2

The
Steradian

A
2
R

A
2
R

1.60 m

2
(5.00 m)
=
=0.00640
0.00640sr
sr

Example 4. A 30 cd spotlight is located 3 m above a

table. The beam is focused on a surface area of 0.4
m2. Find the intensity of the beam.
Totalflux:
flux: FF=
=44I I
Total
FT = 4(30 cd) = 377 lm
The luminous intensity of the
beam depends on

A 0.4 m 2
2
; 0.0444 sr
2
R
(3 m)
F
754 lm
I
0.0444 sr

R
3
m

Beam Intensity:
=8490
8490cd
cd
I I=

Example 5. A 400-cd light is located 2.4 m from a

tabletop of area 1.2 m2. What is the illumination
and what flux F falls on the table?

I
400 cd
E 2
2
R
(2.40 m)
Illumination:

E = 69.4 lx

Now, recalling that E = F/A, we find F from:

F = EA = (69.4 lx)(1.20 m2)

F = 93.3 lm

CRITERIA IN MANUAL
CALCULATION
Calculation by Lumen Method:
The average illuminance produced by a lighting installation or the number of
luminaires required to achieve a specific average illuminance, can be
calculated by means of utilization factors. The average illuminance E s over a
reference surface s can be calculated from the lumen method formula.
F x n x N x MF x UFs
Es = -----------------------------area of surface s
where:

F is the initial bare lamp flux (lumens, lm)

n is the number of lamps per luminaire

N is the number of luminaires
Ufs is the utilization factor for the reference surface s
MF is the maintenance factor (dirty: 0.7, normal: 0.8, clean: 0.9)

04-Aug-2014

EEE F427 Electric Power Utilization

and Illumination
R. Femi, EEE & I Department

CRITERIA IN MANUAL CALCULATION

Sample Problem:
Mr. Cruz wants to light up his new warehouse in Laguna. The warehouse
measures 20m x 30m. He wants to mount his luminaires on the trusses 8m
above finish floor line. What type of luminaire will he use and how many of
those will he purchase?
Given: L = 20m, W= 30m, H = 8m, MF = use 0.8
Reflectances (use default) : C = 0.7 W = 0.5 F = 0.2
Solution:
To obtain UF, solve for Room Index (RI) = A/(L+W)Hw, RI = 1.5
Required Average Illuminance (Eave) for warehouse as per standard is 100 lux

04-Aug-2014

EEE F427 Electric Power Utilization

and Illumination
R. Femi, EEE & I Department

04-Aug-2014

EEE F427 Electric Power Utilization

and Illumination
R. Femi, EEE & I Department

Solution (cont.):
Since mounting height is 8m, use high bay fixture.
From UF table of Thorn High Bay, UF = 0.78
Substituting to equation:
F x n x N x MF x UFs
E = -----------------------------A
(100)(600)
N = ------------------------------(27500)(1)(0.8)(0.78)
N = 3.49, use 4 sets 250W SON-T high bay lighting fixture
Checking the lighting level, E = 114.4 lux
04-Aug-2014

EEE F427 Electric Power Utilization

and Illumination
R. Femi, EEE & I Department