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Foreign Exchange
Rates
Assessing the Correctness of the Current
Spot Rate and Estimating Future Spot
Rates with Parity Models:
(1) Purchasing Power Parity and
(2) International Fisher Effect
Important?
Testing the correctness of a spot rate.
Absolute PPP:
In equilibrium, when adjusted for exchange rates,
the prices of similar goods in two different
countries should be equal.
Relative PPP:
Over time, the change in the exchange rate
between two currencies should be equal to the
rate of change in the prices of similar goods
between the two countries.
P$ Spot rate = P
This formula is the Law of One Price formula.
Assume:
P$ Spot Rate = P
Note: The Absolute PPP is calculated by the ratio of the two local
currency prices
(6.6514-3.9084/6.6514 = .41%)
http://stats.oecd.org/Index.aspx?datasetcode=SNA_TABLE4
See next slide
Testing your
Understanding of the
Given:
Absolute PPP Model
Examining Discrepancies
from Absolute PPP
Does this account for the discrepancy between the Absolute PPP
and the spot rate?
Practice
While historical data tends to validate the
Conclusions
In the short-run, relative
PPP will often miss the
spot rate. However, in the
long-run, it appears that
relative PPP can at least
get the trend right.
IFE Example
Problematic Issues
Regarding the PPP and IFE
Appendix 1:
Formulas for the
Relative PPP
The following slides cover the specific formulas
to be used in calculated the Relative PPP spot
rate for some future date. Note the formula for
an American Terms quoted currency and for an
European Terms quoted currency.
Where:
Where:
PPP spot rate is the expected spot rate sometime in the future.
Current spot rate is expressed in European terms.
InfF is the expected annual rate of inflation in the foreign
country.
InfUS is the expected annual rate of inflation in the United
States.
N is the number of years in the future.
Example:
Appendix 2:
Formulas for the IFE
The following slides cover the specific formulas
to be used in calculated the IFE spot rate for
some future date. Note the formula for an
American Terms quoted currency and for an
European Terms quoted currency.
Where:
IFE spot rate is the expected spot rate sometime in the future.
Current spot rate is expressed in American terms.
IntUS is the current annual market interest rate in the United
States.
IntF is the current annual market interest rate in the foreign
country.
N is the number of years in the future.
Where:
IFE spot rate is the expected spot rate sometime in the future.
Current spot rate is expressed in European terms quote.
IntF is the current annual market interest rate in the foreign
country.
IntUS is the current annual market interest rate in the United
States.
N is the number of years in the future.
Appendix 3
The following two slides will help you
test your understanding of using the IFE
to forecast American Terms and
European Terms spot exchange rates
for periods greater than one year
Testing Your
Understanding of the IFE
Go to http://noir.bloomberg.com/
Model