A

SEMINAR
ON

TURBOFAN ENGINE
< PRESENTED BY >

PRAMOD KUMAR PRADHAN

1101225143
11-ME/78

AGENDA
Introduction
Parts of turbofan
Propulsion, Thrust
Gas Turbines
Turbofan engine working
Types of Turbofan
Turbofan benefits

TURBOFAN HISTORY
German

Daimler-Benz, the very first

turbofan tested on April 1,1943
In 1954, Flight tested on Boeing 707 and
DC-8
In 1960s, low-bypass-ratio turbofans
introduced
In 1967, NASA initiates acoustically
treated nacelle program

INTRODUCTION
Turbofan is a type of aircraft jet engine
Turbofan is a portmanteau of Turbine & Fan
Turbo portion refers to Gas Turbine
A Ducted Fan uses mechanical energy from
Gas Turbine

COMPONENTS OF TURBOFAN
ENGINE
Fan
Compressor
Combustion Chamber
Turbine
Nozzle

TURBOFAN

Fans intakes the ambient air.

The compressor squeezes the air that enters it
resulting in an increase in the air pressure.
In the combustor the air is mixed with fuel and
then ignited.
The high-energy air coming from combustor
goes to turbine, causing the turbine blades to
rotate which is linked to compressor & intake fan
shaft.
Mixes the high temperature air from engine core
with lower temperature air which was bypassed
causes forward thrust

PHYSICS
OF

TURBOFAN

PROPULSION
Propulsion

is a means of creating force leading

to movement.
Based on Newton's third law.
For an aircraft to move, some kind of propulsion
system is required. Turbofan engines serves the
purpose.

THRUST
Thrust is the force which moves the Aircraft
through the air.
Thrust is used to overcome drag of an aircraft.
Thrust is generated by the aircraft through
propulsion system.

Equilibrium

Reaction

Action

GAS TURBINES-BRAYTON CYCLE

WORKING STAGES OF TURBOFAN

ENGINE?

STAGE 1

Engine

in rest condition

STAGE 2

Air

enters through intake duct and get

compressed by low & high pressure
compressor

STAGE 3

Fuel

is injected in combustion chamber

STAGE 4

Compressed

air get mixed with fuel in the

combustion chamber
Fuel is ignited, pressure & temperature is
raised

STAGE 5

Some

of pressure is used to turn the turbine

Turbine shaft drives the compressor

STAGE 6

Hot

high pressure air forced through a nozzle.

STAGE 7

The

reaction force is the engine thrust.

TYPES OF TURBOFAN
Low
High

bypass turbofan
bypass turbofan

Afterburning

turbofan

LOW BYPASS TURBOFAN

More jet thrust referred to fan thrust
More fuel efficient than basic turbojets
Normally used in military aircraft

HIGH BYPASS TURBOFAN

More

fan thrust referred to jet thrust

Primarily used in civilian transport aircraft
Multistage fan replaced by single stage unit

AFTERBURNING TURBOFAN
A afterburner is used for re-combustion
Give more thrust boost for take off
Transonic acceleration
Fuel intensive

TURBOFAN ADVANTAGES
Great

power to weight ratio

Mechanical
Rotor

efficiency is high

blades operate at high speeds.

TURBOFAN DISADVANTAGES
Expensive
Operate

at high speeds and high

temperature.
Vibration problems.
The design of rotor blades is a complex
phenomenon.

CONCLUSION
Turbofans

are equipped on several military

aircraft.
They are especially useful on passenger jets that
strive for fuel economy and noise control.
This further reduces noise and improves fuel
efficiency.
Military turbofans often emphasize thrust over
noise reduction and fuel economy.

Any
Queries ?
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