AIRCRAFT FUEL

SYSTEM
CRISTIAN LINARES
FELIX HERNANDEZ
CRISTIAN CASTRO
T.L.H

AVIATION FUELS
Aircraft engines convert the chemical energy in
fuel in to heat energy
RECIPROCATING ENGINE FUEL
Aviation gasoline grades: when military and
airline aircraft were powered by
reciprocating engines four grades of
aviation gasoline were widely availible, the
petroleum industry produced only type of
gasoline

 Aviation

gasoline characteristics:

1. Purity: the most prevalent contaminant

is water, fourtanately water is heavier
that aviation gasoline and it settles to
the botton of the tank and to the
lowest point in the fuel system

2. Volatility: aviation gasoline must be

volatile enought to completely
vaporized so it will mix whit oxigen to
have mixture.

3. Antidetonation avalities : the extreme

presure produced by detonationcan
cause several estructural damage to
the engine, antidetonation avalities
prevents abouth heavy explotation

TURBINE

ENGINE FUELS
Turbine engine grades:
There are two basic types of turbine engine fuel: Jet
A and A-1, and Jet B Jet A and A-1 are similar to
commercial kerosine, having characteristics similar
to those of military JP-5. They have a low vapor
pressure and their flash points are between ll0F
and 150F. Their freezing points are -40F for Jet A,
-58F for Jet A-1, and -55F for JP-5.

 Turbine

engine fuel characteristics:

1. Turbine fuel viscosity: turbine fuel is

more viscous that gasoline
2. Turbine fuel votality: is important
because it is a compromise between
conflicting factors be higth enought for
good cool weather starting and aerial
restarting

FUEL SYSTEM REQUEREMENTS

AND PARTS
Fuel
Fuel
Fuel
Fuel
Fuel
Fuel
Fuel
Fuel
Fuel

system indpendence
flow
beetwen interconected tanks
tank sump
pump
valves and controls
strainer or filters
system drains
jettisoning system

FUEL

TANKS
In aircrafts are used three types of
tanks.
Build up tanks
Integral tanks
Bladder tanks

FUEL PUMPS
Several types of fuel pumps are
used in aircraft fuel systems.
Electrical auxiliary pumps
Plunger type pumps
centrifugal boost pump
Ejector pumps systems
Engine driver fuel pumps
Turbine engine fuel pump

FUEL FILTERS AND

STRAINERS
Types

of contaminants: water,
solid particles, surfactants and
microorganisms

 Requeried

fuel strainers: the strainer

in the tanks outlet is normally a
coarse mesh finger screen that traps
any large contaminants to prevent
their obstructing the fuel line

FUEL VALVES
the

valves that control the flow of

fuel througth these systems are
vital components of the fuel
system
1. Plug type valves
2. Poppet type selector valves
3. Electric motor operated sliding
gate valve
4. Solenoid operated popet type fuel
shutoff valve

FUEL SYSTEMS
INSTRUMENTS
All aircraft regardless of their size
must have some means of
indicating the quantity of fuel in
each tank
Fuel quantity measuring sistems
Drip gage and sight gage
Fuel flowmeters
Computarized fuel sistem

FUELING AND DEFUELING

Aviation

maintenance technicians
are often required to fuel aircraft
and to maintain the fueling
equipment, and so should be
intimately familiar with fuel
handling

The fuel filters should be cleaned

before pumping begins, and all of the
water traps must be carefully
checked for any indication of water.
It is extremely important to identify
the fuel properly when fueling an
aircraft. The use of fuel with a lowerthan-allowed octane or performance
rating can cause detonation, which
can destroy an engine

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