Why is Energy Conservation important ?

More pollutants in the air

Protect your wallet

Fossil fuels wont last forever

There are many reasons that conservation is important, ranging from

the environment to the economy. It is important that energy not only be
conserved, but also that research continues to find cleaner and better
solutions for future generations.

Energy resources are limited - India has approximately 1% of

worlds energy resources but it has 16% of world population

About 75 per cent of our crude oil needs are met from imports which
would cost about Rs.1,50,000 crore a year

Energy saved is energy generated - when we save one unit of

energy, it is equivalent to 2 units of energy produced

Our Proposal

Intelligent Energy Saving System, the aim of the project is to save the
energy. In this project we are using various sensors, controlling and
display.

It targets to save the energy or power, used in places like libraries where
lighting is very important for the people who come to read books.

When people are not present at a particular reading place the lighting can
be made off by using dimmer and when people come to that area,
according to the LDR lighting can be made sufficiently brighter.

Principle of Operation

When a person entering into that place the PIR sensor absorbs the black
body radiation emitted by that person and activates it. The LCD display will
display the PIR ON

The Thermostat sensor measures the room temperature and the speed of the
Fan varies according to the temperature of Thermostat. The LCD display
will display the room temperature in degree centigrade.

When a person is leaving that place, the PIR sensor will activate again and
firstly the Fan will be OFF and after some time delay the lamp also will be
OFF. Now the LCD display is in stand by mode state. And the main supply
power will be switched OFF.

System Features
Easy

operation

Convenient
Affordable

Equipments Needed

Printed Circuit Board

Micro controller PIC 16F72

5V, 12V Dc Power supply

IR sensor Passive Infrared Sensor

LDR Light Dependent Resistor

Thermostat

LCD Display

Zero Crossing Detector

Lamp

Fan

PIR SENSOR

A PIR detector is a motion detector that senses the heat emitted by a

living body. They are very effective in enhancing home security
systems.

LDR (Light Dependent Resistor)

LDRs or Light Dependent Resistors are very useful especially in

light/dark sensor circuits. These help in automatically switching ON /OFF
the street lights and etc., normally the resistance of an LDR is very high,
sometimes as very high as 1000000 ohms, but when they are illuminated
with light, resistance drop dramatically.

ZCD (Zero Crossing Detector)

A zero crossing detector literally detects the transition of a signal waveform

from positive and negative, ideally providing a narrow pulse that coincides
exactly with the zero voltage condition.

THERMOSTAT

In this project we are making use of a thermostat which is a noncontact digital type temperature transducer suitable for measuring room
temperature. The word thermistor is an acronym for thermal resistor,
i.e., a temperature sensitive resistor. It is used to detect very small
changes in temperature. The variation in temperature is reflected
through appreciable variation of the resistance of the device.

DIMMERS

Dimmers are devices used to vary the brightness of a light. By decreasing

or increasing the RMS voltage and hence the mean power to the lamp it
is possible to vary the intensity of the light output. Although variablevoltage devices are used for various purposes, the term dimmer is
generally reserved for those intended to control lighting.