MUMPS

MUMPS VIRUS
VIRUS

Genus Rubulavirus
 Paramyxovirinae
PARAMYXOVIRIDAE
Genus respirovirus:
Genus Rubulavirus
Genus morbillivirus
Pneumovirinae
Genus Pneumovirus
RSV
Genus Meta-
pneumovirus
 Clinical Manifestations
• Mumps is an acute contagious disease
characterised by non suppurative
enlargement of one or both parotid
glands.

• Other organs that may be also involved

include the pancreas, testes, ovaries and
central nervous system.
• Only one serotype of mumps virus
exists.
 Pathogenesis and
Pathology:
Transmission occurs through droplet infection.

Primary replication occurs in upper respiratory tract

epithelial cells.

Viraemia then disseminates the virus to the salivary

glands and other various organs where it replicates
in epithelial cells mainly Parotitis .

Incubation period varies from 18-21 days.

 Pathogenesis and Pathology:

• One third of infected individuals are asymptomatic.

• Virus may infect the testes and ovaries: atrophy of

the organs may occur due to pressure necrosis and
sterility may result.

• Virus may infect the kidneys, and it could be detected

in the urine.

• The central nervous system may also be infected.

• Other areas may be affected: Pancreas

joints
Complications in the form of:
Aseptic meningitis,
Meningoenchephalitis may occur.

Rare complications include;

polyarthritis,
pancreatitis
nerve deafness.
 Immunity:

Immunity is permanent since one

serotype only exist.
 Laboratory Diagnosis:

A. Direct detection

B. Isolation:

A. Serology:
 Laboratory Diagnosis:

A. Direct detection of virus antigen in clinical specimens by

immunoflourescent technique.

B. Isolation:

- SPECIMENS for viral isolation include; saliva, CSF, and urine.

- CELL LINE
Monkey kidney cells are preferred for virus isolation.
- OUTCOME
Cytopathic effect in the form of multinucleate giant cell
formation is detected.
Haemadsorption test.
Haemadsorption of erythrocytes on the surface
of cells infected with mumps virus
 Laboratory Diagnosis:

C. Serology:

Test employed include;

- HAI test,
- CFT test
- ELISA test.
 Treatment:

• Treatment is symptomatic.

• No specific antiviral agents are

available.
 Prevention and Control:
A live attenuated virus vaccine prepared in tissue
culture is available either in:

• monovalent form (mumps only)

or

• combination with rubella and measles vaccines

(trivalent vaccine = MMR vaccine).
 Prevention and Control:
• The trivalent vaccine (MMR) is administered to
children 15 months of age to give the best
immune response.

• The monovalent form is recommended for:

- adolescents
and
- adults who have not had mumps parotitis
before.