SEMINAR

ON
AUTOMATION
Submitted by
VISHNU KANT MISHRA
Reg. no.:- 0601222248
8th sem

INTRODUCTION

The application of machines to tasks once

performed by human beings or, increasingly,
to tasks that would otherwise be impossible.
Although the term mechanization is often used
to refer to the simple replacement of human
labour by machines, automation generally
implies the integration of machines into a selfgoverning system. Automation has
revolutionized those areas in which it has been
introduced, and there is scarcely an aspect of
modern life that has been unaffected by it.

HISTORICAL
DEVELOPMENT OF
AUTOMATION
The technology of automation has evolved from
the related field of mechanization, which had its
beginnings in the Industrial Revolution.
Mechanization refers to the replacement of
human (or animal) power with mechanical power
of some form. The driving force behind
mechanization has been humankind's propensity
to create tools and mechanical devices. Some of
the important historical developments in
mechanization and automation leading to
modern automated systems are described here.

Principles
Principlesand
andtheory
theoryof
ofautomation
automation
FEEDBACK CONTROLS

MACHINE PROGRAMM
ING

Industrial
Industrial robotics
robotics

Development of
robotics
The robot
manipulator
Robot
programming

Manufacturing
applications
of
Manufacturing applications of
automation
automationand
androbotics
robotics

TYPES OF AUTOMATION:1. Fixed automation

2. Programmable automation
3. Flexible automation.

Robots
Robots in
in manufacturing
manufacturing

Application in manufacturing operations :

(1) Material handling
(2) Processing operations
(3) Assembly and inspection

Flexible
Flexiblemanufacturing
manufacturingsystems
systems

A flexible
manufacturing
system (FMS) is a
form of flexible
automation in which
several machine tools
are linked together by
a material-handling
system, and all
aspects of the system
are controlled by a
central computer.

Computer
Computerprocess
processcontrol
control

In computer
process control, a
digital computer is
used to direct the
operations of a
manufacturing
process

Computer process
control system
generally includes
following :1. Measurement of
temperature, flow
rate, and pressure.
2. Execution.
3. Actuation of devices
4. Generation of
reports

Computer-integrated
Computer-integratedmanufacturing
manufacturing

In manufacturing firms toward the use of

computers to perform many of the functions
related to design and production is computerintegrated manufacturing (CIM).
Computer-aided design (cad) makes use of
computer systems to assist in the creation,
modification, analysis, and optimization of a
design.
Computer-aided manufacturing (cam) involves
the use of computer systems to assist in the
planning, control, and management of
production operations.

Automation
Automationin
indaily
dailylife
life

In addition to the manufacturing

applications of automation technology,
there have been significant achievements
in such areas as communications,
transportation, service industries, and
consumer products. Some of the more
significant applications are described in
this section.

Advantages and disadvantages of automation

Advantages and disadvantages of automation
ADVANTAGES

Higher production
rates and increased
productivity,
More efficient use of
materials,
Better product quality,
improved safety,
Reduced factory lead
times

DISADVANTAGES

Worker displacement.
Leads to Emotional
stress for workers.

THANK YOU