systematic administration of activities which provide for segregation at
source, segregated transportation, storage, transfer, processing, treatment, and disposal of solid waste and all other waste management activities which do not harm the environment
Ecological Solid Waste Management should start at
the household level.Management of waste materials in the householdsare normally carried out by the servants and often thehousewives. Thus, they must be well-informed about properwaste handling and management. SOLID WASTE refers to all discarded household, commercial waste, nonhazardous institutional and industrial waste, street sweeping, construction debris, agricultural waste and other non-hazardous and non-toxic solid waste A. COMPOSTABLE WASTES. Compostable wastes are biodegradable wastes such as food waste, garden waste, animal waste and human waste. They undergo biological degradation under controlled conditions and can be turned into compost (soil conditioner or organic fertilizer) by mixing them with soil, water, air and biological additives/activators (optional). Examples are: · Fruit and vegetable peelings · Leftover foods · Vegetable trims · Fish/fowl/meat/animal entrails · Soft shells · Seeds · Leaves · Flowers · Twigs · Branches · Stems B. RECYCLABLE WASTES. Recyclable materials refer to any waste material retrieved from the waste stream and free from contamination that can still be converted into suitable beneficial use. These may be transformed into new products in such a manner that the original products may lose their identity. Examples are: · Newspaper · Ferrous scrap metal · Non-ferrous scrap metal · Corrugated cardboard · Aluminum · Glass · Office paper · Tin cans C. RESIDUAL WASTES. Residual wastes are solid waste materials that are non-compostable and non-recyclable. It should be disposed ecologically through a long-term disposal facility or sanitary landfill. Examples are: · Sanitary napkins · Disposable diapers · Worn-out rugs · Cartons which contain a plastic lining usually used for milk and juice containers · Ceramics · Candy wrappers/sachets · Other soiled materials that cannot be composted and recycled D. SPECIAL WASTES. Special wastes refer to household hazardous wastes. Examples are: · Paints · Thinners · Household batteries · Lead-acid batteries · Spray Canisters · BulkyWastes such as: · Large worn-out or broken furniture · Lamps · Bookcases · Filing Cabinets · Consumer Electronics which refer to worn-out, broken and other discarded items such as · Radios · Stereos · TV sets · White Goods which refer to large worn-out or broken household appliances such as: · Stoves · Refrigerators · Dishwashers · Clothes Washers · Dryers · Oil · Tires AVOIDANCE * Avoid disposable goods such as throwaway razors, pens, diapers, etc. * Eliminate household toxic waste from the garbage stream * Avoid products that are made from non-renewable resources REDUCE* * Reduce the amount of unnecessary packaging. * Adopt practices that reduce waste toxicity REUSE* * Consider reusable products. * Maintain and repair durable products. * Reuse bags, containers, and other items. * Borrow, rent, or share items used infrequently. * Sell or donate goods instead of throwing them out. RECYCLE* * Choose recyclable products and containers and recycle them. * Select products made from recyclable materials. * Compost yard trimmings, food scraps and other biodegradable wastes. * Do not burn. APPROACHES TO ECOLOGICAL SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT 1.Segregation of wastes at source. All the members of the household must be informed how to segregate wastes into compostable, nonrecyclable, recyclable and special or hazardous waste. 2.There must be a separate container for each type of waste. Segregated recyclables must be properly cleaned before storing them in their respective containers. 3.The use of special collection schedules and/or separate trucks or haulers must be required for specific types of wastes 4.Recyclable wastes materials should be taken to the Materials Recovery Facility (MRF) in every barangay or cluster of barangays where they are received, sorted, processed and stored efficiently and in an environmentally sound manner. Compostable wastes on the other hand, should be composted either in the backyard or the community composting site. Hazardous wastes are further screened and sent to appropriate hazardous waste treatment and disposal plants. 5.The residual wastes or the non-recyclable and non-compostable wastes shall be transferred to a long-term storage or disposal facility or sanitary landfill.
David Freemantle - What Customers Like About You - Adding Emotional Value For Service Excellence and Competitive Advantage-Nicholas Brealey Publishing (1999)