FUR FASHION

Fashion is a general term for a popular style or

practice, especially in clothing, footwear,
accessories, makeup, body piercing, or furniture.
Fashion refers to a distinctive and often habitual
trend in the style with which a person dresses, as
well as to prevailing styles in behavior. Fashion also
refers to the newest creations of textile designers.
The more technical term costume, has become so
linked to the term "fashion" that the use of the
former has been relegated to special senses like
fancy dress or masquerade wear, while "fashion"
means clothing more generally and the study of it.
Although aspects of fashion can be feminine or
masculine, some trends are androgynous.

Fur fashion

Fur fashion is all about men's and women's

variety of choices in terms of clothing. They can
be long and short coats, sporty jackets, vests, and
other products in a variety of colors. When fur
fashion first came, people had limited choices;
and purchased only a long or short coat in mink,
raccoon or beaver and in light brown or dark
brown. In other words, Fur Fashion is all about
Fake Fur Fashion luxury garments Jacket, Coats
Cravats, Scarf's Shrugs Cushions, and Throws
Hats Weddings made of fur from animals.

Fur clothing

Fur clothing is clothing made of furry

animal hides. Fur is one of the oldest forms
of clothing; thought to have been widely
used as hominids first expanded outside of
Africa. Some view fur as luxurious and
warm; however others reject it due to moral
beliefs. The term 'a fur' is often used to refer
to a coat, wrap, or shawl made from the fur
of animals. Controversy exists regarding the
wearing of fur coats, due to animal cruelty.

Uses of Fur Fashion

Used by indigenous people and developed societies, due to its

availability and superior insulation properties. The Inuit peoples
of the Arctic relied on fur for most of their clothing, and it also
forms a part of traditional Russian, Scandinavian and Japanese
clothing.

Associated with glamour and lavish spending. A number of

consumers and designer and outspoken animal rights activist
Stella McCartneyreject fur due to moral beliefs and perceived
cruelty to animals.

Animal furs used in garments and trim may be dyed bright

colors or with patterns, often to mimic exotic animal pelts:
alternatively they may be left their original pattern and color.
Fur may be shorn down to imitate the feel of velvet, creating a
fabric called shearing.

Sources of Fur

Common animal sources for fur clothing and fur trimmed

accessories include fox, rabbit, mink, beaver, stoat (ermine),
sable, seals, cats, dogs, coyotes, chinchilla, and possum.
Some of these are more highly prized than others, and there
are many grades and colors.

In Europe and Asia, cheap and plentiful dog and cat fur is sold
under different names to disguise the origin from shoppers in
the United States, such as dog fur being labeled "Mongolian
Wolf". In a study by the Humane Society of the United States,
all twenty-five fur trim coats from twenty different retailers
were found to be mislabeled, usually in the case of fur from
an animal that it is illegal to kill for fur being labeled as a legal
animal. One example of this was a coat being labeled as
having fur from a raccoon, when in reality DNA testing proved
that he fur came from a raccoon dog.

Every year, millions of animals are killed for the clothing

industry. Whether they come from Chinese fur farms, Indian
slaughterhouses, or the Australian outback, an
immeasurable amount of suffering goes into every furtrimmed jacket, leather belt, and wool sweater.

Animals on fur farms spend their entire lives confined to

cramped, filthy wire cages. Fur farmers use the cheapest
and cruelest killing methods available, including
suffocation, electrocution, gassing, and poisoning. More
than half the fur in the U.S. comes from China, where
millions of dogs and cats are bludgeoned, hanged, bled to
death, and sometimes even skinned alive for their fur.
Chinese fur is often deliberately mislabeled, so if you wear
any fur, there's no way of knowing whose skin you're in.

Fur Farms

Approximately 90 per cent of the furs

used by the United States fur industry
are from fur farms. Mink, fox, chinchilla,
nutria, and rabbit are raised there. The
animals are fed a well-balanced diet.
Animals selected for pelts are placed in
individual enclosures, called furring
pens, in the fall. Here their fur reaches
its prime (best quality) condition.

Marketing of Furs

Fur farmers generally sell their pelts at auction, but

many pelts are sold at private sales. Trappers may
sell their pelts to country stores that in turn sell to
dealers, or trappers may sell directly to dealers. The
dealers, in turn, sell to exporters or manufacturers.

Trade in certain furs, including those from tiger, seal,

leopard, ocelot, and bear, is prohibited by law in the
United States because these animals are rare or
endangered species; that is, their numbers have
been so reduced that they are in danger of
extinction. Animal-rights advocates oppose the use
of furs of any kind.

Processing of fur

The manufacturing of fur clothing involves obtaining animal

pelts where the hair is left on. Depending on the type of fur
and its purpose, some of the chemicals involved in fur
processing are table salts, alum salts, acids, soda ash,
sawdust, cornstarch, lanolin, degreasers and less commonly
bleaches, dyes and toners (for dyed fur). Workers exposed to
fur dust created during fur processing have been shown to
have reduced pulmonary function in direct proportion to their
length of exposure.

In contrast, leather made from any animal hide involves

removing the fur from the skin and using only the tanned
skin. The use of wool involves shearing the animal's hair from
the living animal, so that the wool can be re-grown. Fake fur
or "faux fur" designates any synthetic material that attempts
to mimic the appearance and feel of real fur.

The chemical treatment of fur to

increase its felting quality is known as
carrotin, as the process tends to turn
the tips of the fur a carrot orange color.
A furrier is a person who makes fur
products as fur garments, fur blankets
etc. and repairs, alters, cleans, or
otherwise deals in furs of animals.

Get the bigger dirt particles out of the fur by

shaking the fur and brushing it with Lanas Fur
Brush.
Hang the fur.
Spray the entire fur evenly with fur solution. One
spray per area. Do not soak the fur. Do not spray the
lining. For fur close to the lining, spray the fur pad. Make
accurate strokes in the direction of the fur.
Use the Fur Pad to gently rub in the solution into
the entire fur by wiping in the direction of the fur .
If the pad becomes dirty, wash it with soap and water and
continue to use. For a fur that has been maintained, you
will only need to wash the pad at the end of the cleaning.
Check your Fur Pad periodically while cleaning to make
sure that you arent just moving dirt around.

After wiping, wait for the fur to

completely dry. 30 min.-1 hr. For fast
results, use a blow dryer on a cold setting
while holding it 2 feet away from fur. For
best results, dry the fur outside in a
natural breeze but not in direct sunlight.
Once completely dry, use Lanas Fur
Brush to brush the entire coat, again
in the direction of the fur.

Process Flowchart

sections)

chalked)

Matching of the skins

Choosing skins

Cut into proper size

Sent to the nailer (wets the

Stretches into the proper shape

Nails to a board (garment pattern is

PROCESSING OF FAR

process)

Dressing (Dry

process)

Dyeing (Wet

process)

Pointing (Dry

How Furs Are Processed

Dressing
The fur dresser receives pelts that have been
stretched and dried to preserve them. A pelt is
first soaked in saltwater to soften the skin and
stop bacterial action. Workers called fleshers
scrape away bits of fat and flesh adhering to
the skin. The pelts are then placed in a
pickling bath of potash alum or ammonia alum
and salt, to which hydrochloric or sulfuric acid
is added to decompose the salts and make the
skin opaque.

Dyeing
Furs are dyed for any of several reasonsto
improve the colors, to eliminate the work of
matching skins, or to make them look like
more valuable furs. The furs most often dyed
to resemble better furs are marmot, red fox,
rabbit, muskrat, squirrel, opossum, raccoon,
and lamb processed as mouton. Many of
these furs can be made to resemble marten,
seal, chinchilla, mink, or sable.

Pointing

consists of gluing badger hairs

(sometimes one by one) into other
pelts, such as fox. The process is often
used on pelts that are sparsely haired,
or when better quality furs are to be
imitated.

How Fur Garments Are

Made

The first step is matching of the skins, that is,

choosing skins that are as nearly alike as possible.
The furs are then cut to the proper size and sent to
the nailer, who wets the sections, stretches them
into the proper shape, and nails them to a board on
which the garment pattern is chalked.
After the stretched sections are sewn together,
finishers install the buttons, tapes (reinforcing strips
of cloth), and linings. The finished garment is then
glazed by wetting and ironing the fur to increase its
luster. Glazing from time to time throughout the life
of a fur garment is recommended by furriers.

Trapping

In colonial America, most of the furs were

supplied by Indians and white trappers who
spent their winters tending lines of traps.
Today, most trapping is done by woodsmen
and by farmers who operate trap lines to
supplement their incomes. The most
important trapping areas in North America
are Canada, the northern United States
(including Alaska), and Louisiana. Trapping is
closely regulated by state and provincial
governments.

END PRODUCTS

long and short coats,

sporty jackets,
vests, long or short coat in mink,
raccoon or beaver and in light brown or
dark brown.
Luxury garments Jacket,
Coats Cravats,
Scarf's Shrugs Cushions, and
Throws Hats Weddings made of fur from
animals.

Prospectus of Fur
fashion

Fur Futures is an international initiative aiming to

provide support for the next generation working
with fur, as we believe young people are the
future of the fur trade. Fur Futures is building a
support network for this next generation and in
doing so we intend to secure a bright future for
our young members as well as the fur industry.
Being a part of Fur Futures gives members the
chance to network with others like them from
different countries around the world and gain
financial and professional support.

PROCESS SEQUENCE FOR

MANUFACTURING WOOLEN (FUR)
PRODUCTS

1. Automatic Bale Plucker

2. Hopper Fidder
3. Ultra cleaner
4. Multi Mixer
5. Scutcher
6. Carding
7. Mini Lap Forming
8. Combing
9. Drawing-1
10. Drawing-2
11. Fly Frame
12. Mule Spinning Frame.

Dyeing process of wool

The processing sequence of dyeing is given bellow :

Winding

Hank formation

Scouring & Bleaching

Dyeing

Hydro-extructing

Drying

KNITTING :
Wool is mostly used for sweater
manufacturing. The knitting m/c used for
sweater knitting is widely known as COSSES
KNITTING M/C It is actually the V BED
KNITTING M/C.

LINKING:
The purpose of linking section is to link
together the different pars of sweaters.

FINISHING & DELIVERY:

The finishing process of sweater follows

Calendaring

Folding

Packing

Storage and Delivery

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