The Hearst Tower

959 Eighth Avenue

New York, NY

Jessica Lucas
Mechanical Option

The Hearst Tower

New York, NY

Presentation Outline
Introduction

Background

Background

Current System

Current System

Proposed System

Proposed System

Cost Analysis

Cost Analysis

Electrical Breadth

Electrical Breadth

Structural Breadth

Structural Breadth

Conclusions

Conclusions
Jessica Lucas
Mechanical Option

The Hearst Tower

New York, NY

Site and Location

Located along 8th Avenue between 56th

& 57th Street in Midtown Manhattan

Introduction

Background

Current System

Proposed System

Cost Analysis

Electrical Breadth

Structural Breadth

Conclusions

Constructed through the center of the

original Hearst Headquarters (1928)
Landmark building will be hollowed with
new Tower constructed through center

Jessica Lucas
Mechanical Option

The Hearst Tower

New York, NY
Project Team
Building Owner: Hearst C orporation
A rchitect: Foster and Partners
A ssociate Architect: Adamson Associates
MEP: Flack+Kurtz
CM: Turner C onstruction

Introduction

Background

Current System

Proposed System

Cost Analysis

Electrical Breadth

Structural Breadth

Conclusions
Jessica Lucas
Mechanical Option

The Hearst Tower

New York, NY

Size and Architecture

42 stories

Introduction

Background

Current System

Proposed System

Cost Analysis

Electrical Breadth

Structural Breadth

Conclusions

856,000 SF
2000 Hearst Employees

Architectural Program
Open Office
Auditorium
Test Kitchens
Television Studio

Most notable features:

Diagrid Facade
LEED Gold certification
Jessica Lucas
Mechanical Option

The Hearst Tower

New York, NY

Existing Mechanical System

Introduction

Background

Current System

Proposed System
Cost Analysis

Central Chilled Water Plant serving a low

temperature Variable Air Volume system
Waterside System

4-1000 ton cooling towers on roof level

in

2-1200 ton & 1-400 ton electric chillers

basement chiller plant

Airside System

Electrical Breadth

4-110,000 CFM AHUs, serve office

tower

Structural Breadth

Indoor Design Conditions

75F for cooling/50% RH cooling

Conclusions

70F for heating

Jessica Lucas
Mechanical Option

Air supplied to spaces at 45F

The Hearst Tower

New York, NY
Proposed Mechanical System:
Combining Steam Driven Absorption Cooling with a Dedicated Outdoor Air/ Radiant Floor System

Introduction

Background

Current System

Proposed System

Cost Analysis

Electrical Breadth

Structural Breadth

Conclusions

Replace electric chillers with

double effect steam driven
absorption
Replace the central VAV AHUs
with dedicated outdoor air (DOAS)
units
Install radiant floors to parallel
DOAS for both heating & cooling

Jessica Lucas
Mechanical Option

The Hearst Tower

New York, NY
Goals of Proposed System

Introduction

Background

Current System

Ensure ASHRAE Std. 62.1-2004

compliance

Obtain the LEED point for IAQ

Lessen the Towers dependence on an

overextended electric grid

Lower annual operating cost

Meet the original criteria to create a reliable C lass A office building

Proposed System

Cost Analysis

Electrical Breadth

Structural Breadth

Conclusions
Jessica Lucas
Mechanical Option

The Hearst Tower

New York, NY
Proposed Mechanical System:
Dedicated Outdoor Air System
(DOAS)

What is DOAS?

Introduction

Background

Current System

Decouples Sensible & Latent Loads

Proposed System

Utilizes Energy Recovery

Cost Analysis

Electrical Breadth

Structural Breadth

Conclusions

100% OA unit based on ASHRAE

Std.62.1

DOAS for Hearst:

Std. 62.1 +30% OA for IAQ LEED
point
Utilize an Enthalpy Wheel for total
energy
recovery

Jessica Lucas
Maintain 45F supply air temperature
Mechanical Option

The Hearst Tower

New York, NY

Proposed Mechanical System:

Introduction

Background

Current System

Proposed System

The resulting DOAS Design:

3-40,000 CFM Semco units with a
molecular
sieve desiccant coated
enthalpy wheel

Chiller plant downsized by 30%

Cost Analysis

Cooling coil load decreased from 44

tons to
10.5 tons

Electrical Breadth

Structural Breadth

Conclusions

Supply Air at 45F and saturation

Jessica Lucas
Mechanical Option

The Hearst Tower

New York, NY
Proposed Mechanical System:
Radiant Floor Heating and Cooling

Introduction

Background

Current System

Optimize layout based on daylighting

study using AGI32 software

Proposed System

Cost Analysis

Electrical Breadth

Structural Breadth

Conclusions
Jessica Lucas
Mechanical Option

The Hearst Tower

New York, NY
Proposed Mechanical System:
Absorption Chillers

Introduction

Background

Current System

Proposed System

Cost Analysis

Electrical Breadth

Structural Breadth

Conclusions

3-600 ton Double-effect chillers

arranged in parallel
Lithium Bromide/Water- no CFCs or
HCFCs
New chiller plant requires 60 kW of
electric input, compared to 1,941 kW
used in the electric chiller plant
Con Edison offers incentives for
steam driven cooling during the
cooling season
Jessica Lucas
Mechanical Option

The Hearst Tower

New York, NY
Proposed Mechanical System:
Additional Alternative

Introduction

Background

Current System

Proposed System

Cost Analysis

Electrical Breadth

Structural Breadth

Conclusions

Can I save even more with an Electric

Chiller Plant w/DOAS System?
Still 30% reduction in chiller plant size
Still only minimum CFM
Higher COP with vapor compression
cycle

Jessica Lucas
Mechanical Option

The Hearst Tower

New York, NY
Proposed Mechanical System:
Cost Analysis

Introduction

Background

Current System

Proposed System

Cost Analysis

Electrical Breadth

Structural Breadth

Conclusions

Electric
w/VAV

Total
Electricity
Total
Steam
Total
O&M
20 year
LCC

Electric
w/DOAS

Absorption
w/DOAS

$93.1 M

$41.2 M

$33.9 M

$31 M

$29.4 M

$39.4 M

$25.6 M

$14.5 M

$15.9 M

$156.4 M

$93.4 M

$98.8 M

Jessica Lucas
Mechanical Option

The Hearst Tower

New York, NY
Proposed Mechanical System:
Mechanical Summary

Electric/DOAS

Introduction

Background

Current System

Proposed System

Cost Analysis

Electrical Breadth

Structural Breadth

Conclusions

Lowest LCC
Lowest Operating Cost
Higher COP
However
Still dependent on electric grid
Black-outs = diminished reliability
Recommendation: Absorption/DOAS
Radiant
Jessica Lucas
Mechanical Option

The Hearst Tower

New York, NY

Electrical System Breadth

Current Electrical System:

Introduction

Background

Current System

Proposed System

Cost Analysis

Electrical Breadth

Structural Breadth

Conclusions

4-4000 amp service take-offs

Each takeoff is served by 1-6000

amp
service switch

Each takeoff provides 480/277 V 3

phase service from primary
transformers

Daylighting & Occupancy sensors used

throughout for energy conservation
High efficiency ballasts, helped obtain
rebates from NYSERDA
Jessica Lucas
Mechanical Option

The Hearst Tower

New York, NY

Electrical System Breadth

Existing Chiller Plant

Introduction

Background

Chiller 1&2: 2000 A fuses, 6 sets of 3- 400

MCM with 1-#3/0 ground in 3conduit

Current System

Chiller 3: 800 A fuse, 2 sets of 3-500 MCM

with 1-#2/0 ground in 3.5 conduit

Proposed System

Cost of wiring & conduit: $932.00/LF

Cost Analysis

New Plant

Electrical Breadth

Structural Breadth

Conclusions

Chiller 1,2,3: 40 A fuses, 1 set of 3-#6

with 1-#10 ground in 1conduit
Cost of wiring & conduit: $46.80/LF
Jessica Lucas
Mechanical Option

The Hearst Tower

New York, NY

Electrical System Breadth

Existing VAV System

8 supply fans- 124 FLA
4 return fans- 65 FLA
MCC total connected load of 1,697 FLA

Introduction

Background

Current System

Proposed System

Cost Analysis

3 supply fans- 77 FLA

Electrical Breadth

3 return fans- 65 FLA

Structural Breadth

Conclusions

Proposed DOAS System

MCC total connected load of 632

FLA
Jessica Lucas
Mechanical Option

The Hearst Tower

New York, NY
Electrical System Breadth:
Conclusions

Introduction

Downsizing equipment results in:

Background

First cost savings for wire & conduits

Current System

Proposed System

Cost Analysis

Decreased switch sizes

Increased distribution board space
Allows for easier installation

Electrical Breadth

Structural Breadth

Conclusions
Jessica Lucas
Mechanical Option

The Hearst Tower

New York, NY
Structural System Breadth:
Current System
Half of the foundation is supported by
spread footings, half by caissons
Primary lateral support provided by the
perimeter Diagrid
Secondary lateral system defined by braced
frame at the service core
Structure below 10th floor
uses a mega-column system
to support a large unbraced
height

Introduction

Background

Current System

Proposed System

Cost Analysis

Electrical Breadth

Structural Breadth

Conclusions
Jessica Lucas
Mechanical Option

The Hearst Tower

New York, NY
Structural System Breadth:
Effect of Radiant Floors

Introduction

Background

Current System

Proposed System

Cost Analysis

Electrical Breadth

Structural Breadth

Conclusions

International Fire Code 2003 2 hour fire

rating
Vulcraft Deck 6 slab
Radiant tubes 1.5 concrete cover
Check deck, beams, girders with
additional
concrete load

LRFD Manual example for

Composite W-shape flexural
member
Jessica
Lucas
Mechanical Option
design (unshored construction)

The Hearst Tower

New York, NY
Structural System Breadth:
Conclusion
Allowable Shear Stud Capacity greater than
Maximum shear under applied loading
Vu < Qn i.e. 42.8 k < 451 k
Allowable Flexural Capacity exceeds
Maximum moment under the applied
factored loading
Mu < Mn i.e. 428 ft-k < 450 ft-k
No changes needed to member sizes!

Introduction

Background

Current System

Proposed System

Cost Analysis

Electrical Breadth

Structural Breadth

Conclusions
Jessica Lucas
Mechanical Option

The Hearst Tower

New York, NY
Conclusions

Proposed mechanical system satisfied

criteria set forth at the beginning of the
design process:

Introduction

Background

Lower annual operating costs

Current System

Obtain LEED point for IAQ

Proposed System

Lessen dependence on electric grid

Cost Analysis

Electrical Breadth

Structural Breadth

Conclusions

Increase reliability
Maintain Class A market status
Positively impact electrical system by
lowering first cost & allowing for easier
installation
No nominal impact on Structural
system
Jessica Lucas
Mechanical Option

The Hearst Tower

New York, NY

Acknowledgements

A huge Thank You to:

Introduction

Background

Current System

Proposed System

Cost Analysis

Electrical Breadth

Structural Breadth

Conclusions

JJ, Dr. Freihaut, Dr. Bahnfleth, Dr. Mumma,

Dr. Srebric and the rest of the AE Faculty.
My fellow classmates especially Jenny, Jayme,
Yulien, Dave, Bryan, and Adam.
Paul Reitz of Flack+Kurtz

Jessica Lucas
Mechanical Option

The Hearst Tower

New York, NY

Introduction

Background

Current System

Proposed System

Cost Analysis

Electrical Breadth

Structural Breadth

Conclusions

Questions??

Jessica Lucas
Mechanical Option