Process analysis

Meaning and Definition

Process

:- a step-by-step movement from a

beginning point to an point ending.
Analysis :- a careful examination; a close, detailed
look at something
Definition:-Understanding process elements and the
relationships between them, and identification of
opportunities for improvement. And how various
tools can be used.
The order of step
Parallel versus sequential
Who and what will perform

Objectives
Recognize overlaps between functional areas.
Minimize and eliminate bottlenecks.(Water

flow through bottleneck).

Skills and knowledge necessary for process
analysis.
Correlation between components.
Improvement in process.

Process of Process
analysis
Identify opportunities (for customer and

supplier satisfaction )
Define the scope (small work one person big
project one team)
Document the process(through charts tables
diagrams)
Evaluate performance (for improvement)
Redesign the process
Implement changes

Techniques of PA
Flow charts
Service blueprints
Process chart
Bar chart
Block diagram
Pareto analysis

Flow chart

PA
terms

Cycle time the elapsed time between starting and completing a job
(Average time
between completion of units)
Run time is the time required to produce a batch of parts(this is calculated by
multiplying the time required to produce each unit by the batch size)
Set-up time is the time required to prepare a m/c to produce an item
Operation time is the sum of set-up time and runtime for a batch of parts that are
run on a m/c
Pacing
Refers to the fixed timing of the movement of items
through the process
Make-to-order
Activated only in response to an actual order by

customer.
Both work-in-process and finished goods inventory kept

to a minimum.
Make-to-stock
Process activated to meet expected or forecast demand.
Customer orders are served from target stocking level.

Flow chart
Flow charts are easy-to-understand diagrams showing how

steps in a process fit together.

This makes them useful tools for communicating how processes
work, and for clearly documenting how a particular job is done.
The act of mapping a process out in flow chart format helps you
clarify your understanding of the process, and helps you think
about where the process can be improved.
A flow chart can therefore be used to:
(i)Define and analyze processes
(ii)Build a step-by-step picture of the process for analysis,
discussion, or communication and
(iii)Define, standardize or find areas for improvement in a process

Service Blueprints
Is the process of recording in graphical form

the activities and interactions in a service

process.
Used to reinforce the idea that services need
to be as carefully designed as a physical
product and document with a blueprint of its
own.

Process charts
Diagrammatic representation of various tasks

and activities in sequence of operation

passing through the production process,
beginning with the first operation to the last
operation for the completion of product .

Pareto Analysis
Technique for ordering causes or problems

from the most to the least significant.

The most significant aspects are identified
and the efforts can be concentrated on those,
thus getting the maximum benefit with the
least effort.