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Sistem Transmisi
TE-09-1313
2 sks
Versi-2
Disusun oleh
M Aries Purnomo
TE-09-1313-021011-03-Transmisi-2
TRANSMISI
The transfer of
information from one
point to one or more
other points by means
of signals
( Rec ITU-R V.662-32000 )
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SINYAL
A physical phenomenon one or
more of whose characteristics
may vary to represent information.
NOTE The physical phenomenon may be for
instance an electromagnetic wave or acoustic wave
and the characteristic may be an electric field,
a voltage or a sound pressure.
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TELEVISI
Bentuk telekomunikasi untuk transmisi gambar
diam atau gambar bergerak
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Telecommunication Network
TMN
Operations
system
Operations
system
Operations
system
Exchange
Transmission
system
Exchange
Transmission
system
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Workstation
Exchange
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Transmission loss
The ratio, expressed in decibels, of the transmitted power (Pt )
to the received power (Pr ):
L = 10 log (Pt / Pr ) dB
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Antenna gain
Amplifier gain
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Antenna gain
the power required at the input of a loss free reference antenna
(P0) to the power supplied to the input of the given antenna
(Pa ) to produce, in a given direction, the same field strength or
the same power flux-density at the same distance in a given
direction (when not specified otherwise in the direction of
Maximum radiation).
G = 10 log (P0 / Pa ) dB
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P=VxI
V=IxR
dimana R : tahanan, Ohm ()
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Gain
Power Ratio Voltage Ratio
1.00
1.26
1.58
2.00
2.51
3.16
3.98
5.01
6.31
7.94
10.00
100.00
1000.00
10000.00
1.00
1.12
1.26
1.41
1.58
1.78
2.00
2.24
2.51
2.82
3.16
10.00
31.62
100.00
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Loss
Power Ratio Voltage Ratio
1.0000
0.7943
0.6310
0.5012
0.3981
0.3162
0.2512
0.1995
0.1585
0.1259
0.1000
0.0100
0.0010
0.0001
1.0000
0.8913
0.7943
0.7079
0.6310
0.5623
0.5012
0.4467
0.3981
0.3548
0.3162
0.1000
0.0316
0.0100
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Power
Voltage
1
2
4
8
10
16
32
64
100
128
256
512
1000
0.00
3.01
6.02
9.03
10.00
12.04
15.05
18.06
20.00
21.07
24.08
27.09
30.00
0.00
6.02
12.04
18.06
20.00
24.08
30.10
36.12
40.00
42.14
48.16
54.19
60.00
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Contoh
dBm = 10 Log ( power ratio ) dg ref. 1 mW
dBm = 10 Log ( power / 1mW )
dBW = 10 Log ( power ratio ) dg ref. 1 W
dBW = 10 Log ( power / 1W )
power output = 20 W
= 10 Log (20W/1W)
= 13 dBW
= 10 Log (20.000mW/1mW) = 43 dBm
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25
dBmV
Digunakan pada transmisi video
Tegangan ( Voltage ) referensi = 1 mVolt
pada beban 75 Ohm
dBmV = 20 Log ( tegangan/1 mVolt )
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dBmV
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Power density
Definition:
Quotient of a power by another quantity, for example, an area,
a bandwidth, a temperature.
NOTE 1 :
The quotient of a power by an area is called power flux-density
(puissance surfacique) and is commonly expressed in
watts per square metre (symbol: W m2 or W/m2).
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30
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32
33
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attenuation, loss :
1.A decrease between two points of an electric, electromagnetic
or acoustic power.
2. The quantitative expression of a power decrease, by the ratio
of the values at two points of a power or of a quantity related to
power in a well-defined manner.
NOTE 1 : By extension, the words attenuation or loss may represent the
ratio of powers in a given situation and in a reference condition;
for example insertion loss.
NOTE 2 : Although the term loss is not synonymous in English with
attenuation in every context, it is used to express the ratio of two
powers in certain specified conditions as for example in insertion
loss and return loss equivalent in French to
affaiblissement d'insertion and facteur d'adaptation.
NOTE 3 : Attenuation is generally expressed in logarithmic units by a positive
value.
In some cases, attenuation could be used instead of gain, when
the logarithmic unit value of a gain is negative.
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Gain :
1. An increase between two points of an electric, electromagnetic,
or acoustic power.
2. The quantitative expression of a power increase, by the ratio of
the values at two points of a power or of a quantity related to
power in a well-defined manner.
NOTE 1 : By extension, the word gain may represent the ratio of
powers in a given situation and in a reference condition;
for example the gain of an antenna.
NOTE 2 : Gain is generally expressed in logarithmic units by a positive
or negative value. When a gain has a negative value in
logarithmic units, attenuation may be used instead of gain.
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LOSS
1000
Watt
Inpu
t
Kabel
1
Watt
Outpu
t
38
LOSS
1000
Watt
Inpu
t
Kabel
Output = ?
Loss = 10 dB = 10 x
Power Output = Power Input : Loss
= 1.000 Watt : 10 = 100 Watt
Power Output = Power Input - Loss
= 30 dBW - 10 = 20 dBW
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GAIN (PENGUATAN)
1
Watt
Input
Amplifier
2 Watt
Output
40
GAIN (PENGUATAN)
1
Watt
Input
Amplifier
Output
=?
Gain = 6 dB =
4x
Power Output = Power Input x
Gain
Power Input = 1 Watt = 30 dBm
Power Output = 1 Watt x 4 = 4
Watt
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Power Output
= Power Input +
41
Loss
10 dB
Power Input :
- 10 dBm
Media
Transmisi
Penerima
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Power Output
1 kW = 30 dBW
Pemancar
Power Input
27 dBW
Gain = 10 dB
Loss = 3 dB
Antena
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Effective
Radiated
Power
(ERP) :
37 dBW
43
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-32 dBm
Loss = 100 dB
Gain
10 dB
Wireless / Radio
Loss = 3 dB
Loss = 2 dB
Pemancar
Gain
10 dB
Power
Input =
-25 dBm
Penerima
Power Output
1 kW = 60 dBm
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Series Network
G
3 dB
L
5 dB
G
3 dB
N1
N2
N3
10dBm
13
dBm
8
dBm
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dBm
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