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IRRIGATION PRINCIPLES
SPRING 2005
INSTRUCTOR:
OFFICE HOURS:
GRADER:
PREREQUISITE:
mkizer@okstate.edu
Normally available in office daily;
Call before making a special trip to be sure that I am in.
TBA
Exams are open book and open notes. Homework will be collected at the
beginning of class on the date due. Late homework may be turned in (for half
credit) up to the beginning of the next class. For homework turned in after that
time, no credit will be given. Homework is to be done neatly and in pencil, with
the answers clearly identified. Show all work if you wish to receive any partial
credit for an incorrect answer. Staple all pages together and be sure your name
is on each page.
Attendance is not explicitly a part of the grading criteria. However experience
has shown that class attendance has a high correlation with performance on
homework and exams. Its very difficult to learn the material if you arent in class
on a regular basis.
In assigning letter grades at the end of the semester, the numerical scores will be
curved. In other words, your grade will depend on how well you perform
relative to the rest of the class, and how well the entire class performs relative to
previous classes. The curve cant hurt you, meaning that any score above 90
will be an A, 80-90 will be at least a B, 70-80 at least a C, and 60-70 at least a D.
Academic dishonesty will not be tolerated. You are encouraged to discuss
concepts and homework problems with your fellow students, but direct copying of
someone else's homework answers is not allowed. Failure to work the
homework problems yourself is almost always reflected in poor performance on
the examinations.
READING ASSIGNMENTS
Chapter Topic
1.
Introduction
2.
Soil Water-Plant Relationships
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Salinity Management
Irrigation Hydraulics
9.
10.
11.
12.
Sprinklers
Set Move/Traveler Systems
13.
14.
15.
Landscape Irrigation
Pages
1-12
13-52
53-76
77-123
124-161
162-195
196-220
221-253
254-277
278-309
310-351
352-387
388-415
416-447
448-474
Reading
Assignment
Approx.
# of Periods
A. Introduction
Class orientation
Chapter 1
Importance of irrigation
pp. 124-127; 159-160
Types of irrigation systems, Irrigation in OK
B. Water Measurement
Chapter 3
Units; Volume balance (Qt=Ad); Flow measurement
C. Soil-Water Relationships
Chapter 2
Soil properties; Water in soils; Infiltration;
Soil water measurement
D. Irrigation Water Requirements
Chapter 4
Evapotranspiration
pp. 127-160
Efficiencies and uniformities; System capacity
E. Irrigation Scheduling
Chapter 6
Principles; Moisture accounting; Other methods
F. Irrigation Water Supply
Chapter 9
Surface water; Ground water and wells;
Chapter 7
Water quality; Water law
Hour Exam 1
(TBA)
1
1
3
1
2
3
Reading
Assignment
Approx.
# of Periods
G. Pipeline Hydraulics
pp. 222-236
Basic relationships; Friction loss
pp. 458-464
H. Pumping Plants
Types of pumps; Pump characteristics; Pump selection
pp. 237-252
Power units; Pumping costs
I. Sprinkler Irrigation
pp. 124-125
Types of systems
pp. 159-160
System components
Chapter 11
Sprinkler performance
Chapter 12
Hydraulics of laterals
Chapter 13
Other design/management considerations
pp. 448-457; 465-473
Hour Exam 2
(TBA)
J. Microirrigation
pp. 126-127
Types of systems; System components
p. 159
Emitter and lateral hydraulics
Chapter 14
Other design/management considerations
K. Landscape Irrigation
pp. 126-127
Types of systems; Control systems
pp. 159-160
Other design/management considerations
Chapter 15
Final Exam
Tuesday, May 1, 10:00 11:50 AM
2
4
5
1
2
Class Notes
The lecture notes for class are available online on Dr. Kizers
personal web page:
http://biosystems.okstate.edu/Home/mkizer/index.htm
The notes are in MS PowerPoint and can be viewed with the
web browser of any campus computer with a network
connection. They can also be viewed from off-campus
computers which have Internet service. However, be warned
that many of the PowerPoint files are large (1 MB to 8 MB in
size). If you do not have a high-speed cable modem or DSL
service, it will take a long time to read the files via the typical
dial-up internet connection. Once you have finished all the
slides of a particular file (or any time you want to quit viewing)
click on the Back arrow of your browser and you will be
returned to the Home page.
Introduction
Importance of Irrigation
Definition
the supply of water to crops and landscaping
plants by artificial means
Estimates of magnitude
world-wide: 544 million acres
(17% of land 1/3 of food production)
Purpose
Raise a crop where nothing would grow
otherwise (e.g., desert areas)
Grow a more profitable crop (e.g., alfalfa
vs. wheat)
Increase the yield and/or quality of a given
crop (e.g., fruit)
Increase the aesthetic value of a
landscape (e.g., turf, ornamentals)
Leaching of salts
Frost protection
Plant/soil cooling
Chemical application
Wind erosion control
Waste disposal
An Historical Perspective
Nile River Basin (Egypt) - 6000 B.C.
Tigris-Euphrates River Basin (Iraq, Iran, Syria) 4000 B.C.
Yellow River Basin (China) - 3000 B.C.
Indus River Basin (India) - 2500 B.C.
Maya and Inca civilizations (Mexico, South
America) - 500 B.C.
Salt River Basin (Arizona) - 100 B.C.
Western U. S. - 1800s
Involvement of federal government - 1900 (only
about 3 million acres then)
Types of Systems
Sprinkler
Surface
Rainfall Distribution
Temperature Profile
Normal Year
190
34
20
61
16
21 68
52
Irrigation in Oklahoma
2000 Irrigation Survey
Irrigation in Oklahoma