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Unit 1
Learning Objectives
Understanding Science & Technology &
Discovery.
Types of Technology & Technology Portfolio
Relationship of Technology with wealth of
nations
Firms Specific Knowledge
Management of Technology at National &
Enterprise Level
Technology Life cycle
Technology Defined
Technology: systematic treatment of an art.
Technos meaning technique/art/ skill
logy meaning study of.
technical language
application of science
the totality of the means employed to provide
objects necessary for human sustenance and
comfort.
Technology Definition
A few of the major definitions of technology include:
The process used to change inputs into outputs
The application of knowledge to perform work
The theoretical and practical knowledge, skills and
artifacts used to develop products as well as their
production & delivery system.
The technical means people use to improve their
surroundings
The application of science, especially to
industrial or commercial use.
Technology Definition
Technology is defined as:
The practical implementation of learning and
knowledge by individuals and organizations to
aid human endeavor.
Technology is the knowledge, products,
processes, tools and systems used in the creation
of goods or in the provision of services.
Technolo
gy Wave
technology waves
Biotechnology
ITC
Space
Environmental
technologies
mass
production
Computers
Telecomms
Advanced
materials
Software
heavy
engineering
Cars
Robotics
Airlines
Internet
Petrochemicals
Electrical &
heavy
engineering
steam power
Steam engines
Synthetic
dyes
Machine tools
Electricity
Process plants
Plastics
Motorways
Weapons
Aluminium
Railways
mechanisatio
n
Steamships
Textiles
Waterpower
Canals
1770
1840
cotton
coal
iron
transpor
t
1890
1940
steel
energy
(oil)
1990
years
microelectronicskey industries
TECHNOLOGY
Types of Technologies
Generic Technology- Common use , greater the
range of application in industries, more generic.
Basic Technology provides flexibility to
particular users.
Key Technology- Proprietary and indigenous to
the firm, provides competitive edge , Unavailable
for commercial use.
Types of Technologies
Embodied Technology- encapsulated in products
and physical equipments.
Disembodied Technology- Intangible in nature,
no particular character, involves social &
management sciences. E.g. Quality assurance
program in a factory.
Types of Technologies
System Technology- other technologies evolve
by combining information technology for
development of different applications. E.g.
computer-aided flexible manufacturing system
Infra Technology- group of technologies which
support R & D, manufacturing & marketing
functions in the industry.
Types of Technologies
Hybrid Technology- technology evolves by combining
features of different technologies. Hybrid technology
combines a rechargeable energy source (i.e. a battery) with a
combustible source (I.e. an engine). Hybrid technology is
employed in vehicles such as cars, buses and trucks to cut
fuel costs and to meet goals for emissions reductions.
Implementation done on a more wide scale basis, for
example, in fleets, ships, and trains.
Emerging Technology- technology is under advanced
development stage , probability indicates high technical
success. E.g. Bio-genetics, Nanotechnology.
Technology Portfolio
Numerous technologies are embodied in a
portfolio of technology, e.g. products or
manufacturing processes, automobile
technology.
Technologies are interrelated and influence each
other.
Technology portfolio needs proper management
by the organization.
Performance Characteristics
Stage
1
Stage
2
Stage
3
Time
Stage
4
Performance Characteristics
Technology Management
Technology Management (MOT) is concerned with the :
Planning
Assessment of technological capabilities
Development
Implementation
Technology Management
Technology Management can also be defined as
the integrated planning, design, optimization,
operation and control of technological products,
processes and services,
Management of the use of technology for human
advantage
Technology Management is set of management
disciplines that allows organizations to manage
its technological fundamentals to create
competitive advantage.
Management of Technology at
National Level
Main objective at national level is to
Assure nations and business firms to gain
technological competitiveness internationally.
Maintain strong position in international business
on a long term basis.
Management of Technology at
Enterprise Level
Main objective at enterprise level is to
Assure that business firms gain & maintain strong
hold in their core technologies relevant to its
product-market relationship.
Technologies should support the firms
competitive strategies.
Technology
Monitoring
Technology
Assesment
Technology
Maturity
Technology
Utilization
Technology
Transfer
Technology
Acceptance
Thank You.