CNT & CNTs NANOCOMPOSITES

FABRICATION
BY: UDAY PRADHAN
REG.NO:2014129002
DEPTT:CMSNT(MTECH)

Carbon nano tube

CNTs are allotropes of carbon with a
cylindrical nanostructure.
Nanotubes have been constructed with L/D
ratio of up to 132,000,000:1
The walls formed by one-atom-thick sheets
of carbon, called Graphene.
These sheets are rolled at specific and
discrete ("chiral") angles,
The combination of the rolling angle and
radius decides the nanotube properties
(metal or semiconductor)

From the picture,

-Sin = (h/n a1)

-Sin(180-120-)
-Sin(60-)=sin60.cos cos60.sin
-n sin =
(h/a1) .............. (i)
-[(3^.5/2)cos+(1/2)sin
..... (ii)

From equation (i) & (ii) we

equate both
(n/m)sin = {(3^.5)/2}cos(1/2)sin
[(n/m)+(1/2)] sin =
{(3^.5)/2}cos
{(2n+m)/2m}sin =
{(3^.5)/2}cos

(0,0) (1,0)
(1,1)

(2,0) (3,0)

(4,0) (5,0)

(2,1) (3,1) (4,1)

(2,2)

(6,0) (7,0)

(5,1) (6,1) (7,1)

(3,2) (4,2)
(3,3)

(4,3)

(5,3)

(6,3)

(5,4)

(5,5)

(9,1)

(8,2)

(7,3)

(6,4)

Zigzag

(9,0) (10,0) (11,0)

(8,1)

(5,2) (6,2) (7,2)

(4,4)

a1

(8,0)

(9,2)

(8,4) (9,4)

(7,5)

(6,6)

(10,2)

(9,3)

(8,3)

(7,4)

(6,5)

(10,1)

(8,5)

(7,6)

(8,6)
(7,7)

a2

Armchair

Armchair geometry shows metallic behavior

Zig-zag geometry shows semiconducting

behavior
The conductivity of chiral CNTs varies

A CNTs can be viewed as a rolled Graphene sheet

along its circumferential direction, is determined
by its chiral vector (Ch)
The chiral vector is defined as Ch = na1 + ma2.

tan = m{(3^.5)/2}/(2n+m)
{ here = chiral angle}

If the chiral angle is 0,m=0 CNTs is classified as

zig-zag
If the chiral angle is 30, m=n, CNTs classified as
armchair
All other angles between 0 and 30 are referred
to as chiral nanotubes.
STM can determine the chirality of the structure

Armchair arrangement of
carbon atoms

Zig-zag arrangement of
carbon atoms

Chiral arrangement of carbon

atoms

CNTs/ METAL MATRIX

COMPOSITE
MWCNTs
(passivated by
elastomer) mixing

Aluminum powder

by hot
press
353 K
CNT/AL MATRIX COMPOSITE

 The process comprises two steps:

1) A precursor in which CNTs were
uniformly dispersed in an elastomer
(natural rubber and ethylenepropylene rubber) matrix was
prepared;
) The elastomer matrix was displaced
by Al
a)EPDM matrix
b) NR
matrix

MOLECULAR LEVEL MIXING

PROCESS
This process enables CNTs to be mixed
and react with ions of inorganic matrix in
molecular level overcoming
agglomeration
Mixing of CNTs and matrix material done
in solution instead of conventional powder
mixing
Homogeneous mixing distribution of CNTs
and high interfacial strength between
CNT and inorganic matrix obtained

STEPS OF FABRICATION
MOLECULAR LEVEL MIXING

A soluble salt
containing matrix
ion

CNTs passivated by
functional group

Mixing

CNT/Metal Nanocomposite

DISINTEGRATED MELT DEPOSITION

(DMD) METHOD
To fabricate the Mg nanocomposites
containing 0.3, 1.3, 1.6 and 2 weight
percentage of carbon nanotubes (CNTs)
respectively
Matrix :Elemental magnesium of >99.9%
purity
Reinforcement : CNTs
Involved heating Mg and CNTs placed in
alternate layers to 750C under Ar gas
atmosphere.

Impeller coated with ZIRTEX 25 (86%

ZrO2, 8.8% Y2O3, 3.6% SiO2, 1.2% K2O
and Na2O and 0.3% trace inorganics) to
avoid iron contamination to the molten
metal.

Fabrication process
(DMD)
METHOD
Magnesium>99.99% purity

CNTs

AT 720 C, Ar gas

Stirred by
impeller at 450
rpm for 5 min
Cooled in
metallic mould

Mg /CNT
nanocomposi
te

Electroless plating process

CNTs/Ni-P nanocomposites
Electroless plating method can deposit many
metals on almost any substrates regardless of size
&shape
Functionalization of CNTs : oxidized by 0.38M
potassium bichromate and 4.5M sulfuric acid at 60
for 30 min
Electroless plating solution: nickel sulfate(15
kg/m3), sodium hypophosphite(16 kg/m3), lactic
acid(8 kg/m3), sodium acetate(10 kg/m3),
potassium antimony tartrate(0.001 kg/m3) & 0.005
kg/m3 surfactant (cetyltrimethylamine bromide)
Condition: 851 and 4.670.1(pH) for 2hrs

ELECTROLESS PLATING PROCESS

CNTs ultrasonically dispersed

Functionalization
of CNTs

CNTs/SiC MATRIX NANOCOMPOSITES

FUNCTIONALIZAT
ION OF THE CNTS
10%wt

SiC
nanoparticl
es

Hot
pressing
2272k

CNTs/SiC MATRIX
NANOCOMPOSITES