Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
Intellectual perspective
Metaphysical perspective mainly from
religious point of view
Wisdom from value perspective
Hikmah dari perspektif
- intelek
- metafizik kebanyakannya dari sudut agama
- hikmah dari perspektif nilai
Copyright (C) 2004 Dr. Habsah
Ismail
3.
6.
Prescriptive/normative
- prescription of standards on acts of conduct;
moral and ethics and aesthetics; social and
cultural norms
Preskriptif /normatif
- menetapkan garis panduan dan tatacara
menyentuh perlakuan, moral etika dan estetika ;
sosial dan norma budaya masyarakat
Copyright (C) 2004 Dr. Habsah
Ismail
9.
Metaphysics
Derived from the Greek meta ta physika ("after the
things of nature"); referring to an idea, doctrine, or
posited reality outside of human sense perception.
Berasal dari istilah Yunani meta ta physika (selepas
benda-benda dalam alam semulajadi , merujuk
kepada idea, doktrin dan realiti di luar persepsi dan
pengalaman biasa manusia.
Epistemology
(Defined as Theory of knowledge/ Teori Ilmu
Pengetahuan)
- process of knowing
- source of knowledge
- structure of knowledge
- category of knowledge
-proses mengetahui
-sumber imu pengetahuan
-struktur ilmu pengetahuan
-kategori ilmu pengetahuan
Focus of epistemology:
Tumpuan epistemologi:
1. Revealed knowledge.
2. Intuitive knowledge -Knowing, or perceiving, by intuition;
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Revealed knowledge
- Knowledge derived from revelation and not human
thinking; in Islam truth of knowledge is absolute
(haqq); knowledge which contradicts the haqq is
known as bathil.
Rationalist
truth of knowledge derived from method pure
reasoning
total reliance on the mind or cognitive element;
total
exclusion of the affective element
(Bertrand Russell,
Gilbert Ryle, Israel Scheffler ).
(Eg. Plato belief in mathematics as knowledge of
the
highest truth due to its a priori naturetruth not dependent on empirical proof but purely
deduction
process).
Empiricist
Pragmatist
Basic principle of knowledge rooted in
Empiricism; belief in knowledge of science as a
functional knowledge ( to be used in everyday
living eg Life Skills, technology)
processes:
- knowing that (propositional knowledge)
- knowing how (procedural knowledge)
- knowing and believing are the meanings
the
same?
Concept
Its importance in the teaching and learning process
conceptualization leads to understanding of mental
schemes, principles and logically-derived conclusion.
FACTS
- Statements of truth value (TRUE or NOT TRUE) based on
observation using the sense experience on
- Facts of pure or physical sciences known as sense datum
used in scientific investigation to prove a certain theory or
principle in science.
Value
Philosophy of education
Conceptual discipline
Main function is to analyse terms used in
Issues:
What is the goal/aim of any system of
education?
What is my belief as a teacher?
Is my belief system congruent to with
practice?
What is my philosophical assumption of the
individual I am teaching?
(Issues to be addressed in a holistic or
synoptic manner and grounded on universal
Copyright (C) 2004 Dr. Habsah
values).
Ismail
FALSAFAH PENDIDIKAN
Matlamat pendidkan Mengapa
seseorang perlu dididik?
Kandungan pendidikan Apakah menjadi bahan/kandungan
Ilmu dalam pendidikan?
Proses Pendidikan Bagaimanakah guru mendidik?
Persekitaran (milieu) pendidikan persekitaran, suasana pendidikan
(autokratik, laissez faire, demokratik)
Guru-Murid/Pelajar Siapa yang terlibat dalam pendidikan?