TAR1 Chapter 11d

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The American Republic To 1877

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Chapter Introduction
Section 1
Jacksonian Democracy
Section 2
Conflicts Over Land
Section 3
Jackson and the Bank
Chapter Summary
Chapter Assessment
Click on a hyperlink to view the corresponding slides.
Click the Speaker button

to replay the audio.
Chapter Objectives
Section 1: Jacksonian Democracy
Explain why the nations sixth president was
chosen by the House of Representatives.
Identify the changes President Jackson brought to
the American political system.
Click the mouse button or press the

Space Bar to display the information.
Chapter Objectives
Section 2: Conflicts Over Land
Understand how Native Americans were forced
off their lands in the Southeast.
Explain how President Jackson defied the Supreme
Court.

Chapter Objectives
Section 3: Jackson and the Bank
Examine the reasons why Jackson wanted to
destroy the Bank of the United States.
Understand why the Whigs came to power in 1840.

Why It Matters
The struggle for political rights took shape in the
1820s and 1830s, when many people questioned
the limits of American democracy.
The Impact Today

In the years since the Jackson era:
Women, African Americans, and other
minorities have won the right to vote and
to participate in the political process.
Today every United States citizen aged 18
or older, regardless of gender, race, or
wealth, has the right to vote.

Guide to Reading
Main Idea
The United Statess political system changed under
Andrew Jackson.
Key Terms
favorite son
majority
plurality
mudslinging
landslide
suffrage
bureaucracy
spoils system
caucus
nominating
convention
tariff
nullify
secede

Guide to Reading (cont.)

Reading Strategy
As you read Section 1, create a chart like the one on
page 334 of your textbook and in the boxes describe the
political parties in 1828.
Read to Learn
why the nations sixth president was chosen by the
House.
what political changes came under President
Jackson.


Section Theme
Continuity and Change James Monroes decision not to
seek a third term was followed by two hotly contested
presidential elections.
Jackson sewing box

The Election of 1824

John Quincy Adams was elected president in
1824.
William Crawford, Andrew Jackson, and
Henry Clay were the other Republican Party
candidates.
No candidate received a majority of the
electoral votes, so the House of
Representatives selected the president.
(pages 334335)
The Election of 1824 (cont.)

- Clay and Adams struck a deal.
- Clay agreed to use his influence as Speaker of the
House to defeat Jackson, hoping to gain the
secretary of state post in return.
- Adams did name Clay as secretary of state.
- Andrew Jacksons followers accused the two men
of making a corrupt bargain and stealing the
election.
(pages 334335)

During the Adams presidency, his policies ran
against popular opinion.
He wanted a stronger navy, scientific
expeditions supported by government funds,
and direct federal involvement
in economic growth.
Congress turned down many of his proposals.
Some members of Congress wanted

a more limited role for the federal government.
(pages 334335)
Why do you think Clay and Adams got

together to defeat Jackson in the election of
1824?
Clay and Adams were politicians, while
Jackson was a war hero. Clay also had ulterior
motives to improve his political status. If
Adams won the presidency,
then he would make Clay the secretary
of state. Adams won, and Clay became
(pages 334335)
secretary of state.
Space Bar to display the answer.
The Election of 1828

The election was a vicious campaign between
Jackson and Adams.
The party divided into two: the DemocraticRepublicans nominated Jackson, and the
National Republicans nominated Adams.
Democratic-Republicans favored states rights.
(pages 335336)

New elements were introduced in the 1828
election, and many became a permanent part of
election campaigns.
- Mudslinging, or attempts to ruin the opponent with
insults
- Election slogans, rallies, buttons, and campaign
events
(pages 335336)

Jackson won the election in a landslide.
He received the most votes of the new frontier
states and many votes in the South.
John C. Calhoun of South Carolina, who had
served as Adamss vice president, switched
parties to run with Jackson.
(pages 335336)
What was so different about the election

campaign of 1828?
The party divided into two, new campaign
tactics were used, and John C. Calhoun
switched parties to run with Jackson.

Jackson as President
Jackson was an American success story.
He went from being a member of a poor farm
family to being a war hero to becoming the
president of the United States.
(pages 336337)
Jackson as President (cont.)

Democracy broadened under Jackson.
He promised equal protection and equal
benefits for all Americans, at least for white
American men.
Between 1824 and 1828, the percentage of
white voting males in presidential elections
increased from 36.9 to 57.6 percent.
The right to vote, or suffrage, continued to
expand for white men.
In 1840 more than 80 percent of white males
voted in the presidential election.
(pages 336337)

By 1828 state constitutions changed to allow
people, not state legislatures, to choose
presidential electors.
(pages 336337)

Jackson instituted the spoils system.
He replaced government employees with his
supporters.
The fired workers were angry and protested.
Jackson felt that a new group of employees
would be good for democracy.
(pages 336337)

Jacksons supporters made the political system
more democratic by abandoning the caucus
system and replacing it with nominating
conventions.
Instead of major political candidates being
chosen by committees of members of
Congress, state delegates would select the
partys presidential candidate.
More people could now participate in the
selection process.
(pages 336337)

The first national party convention for the
Democrats was in Baltimore, Maryland, in
1832.
The convention drew delegates from each state
that would nominate a candidate receiving
two-thirds of the vote.
Jackson was nominated.
(pages 336337)
How did democracy broaden under Jackson?

More white males voted in presidential elections than
previously; voters, not state legislatures, chose
presidential electors; the nominating convention
replaced the caucus system, which allowed more
people to participate in the selection of political
candidates. Although the spoils system backfired,
Jackson thought he was being more democratic by
replacing government employees with ordinary
citizens.
(pages 336337)
The Tariff Debate

In 1828 Congress passed a very high tariff on
goods imported from Europe.
This tariff made European goods more
expensive.
Manufacturers in the United States, especially
the Northeast, were happy because they thought
Americans would now be even more likely to
buy American-made products.
(pages 338339)
The Tariff Debate (cont.)

Southerners hated the tariff and protested
because they traded their cotton with Europe
for manufactured goods.
Now they would have to pay more for these
items.
(pages 338339)

Some Southerners called for the Southern
states to secede, or break away and form their
own government.
John C. Calhoun, a believer in states rights,
argued for nullification, or canceling a federal
law it considered unconstitutional, and for
secession.
He said that states have rights and powers
independent of the federal government, that
states had created the federal government, and
they should be able to have the last word on
decisions affecting them.
(pages 338339)

The Webster-Hayne Debate was a response to
these issues.
In January 1830, Senator Daniel Webster
challenged the speech given by Robert
Hayne, a senator from South Carolina who
defended the right of states to nullify acts
of the federal government and to secede.
Webster defended the Constitution and the
Union arguing that nullification would
cause the end of the Union.
(pages 338339)

Jackson defended the Union, saying it must be
preserved.
Vice President Calhoun was shocked.
When he won election to the Senate in
December 1832, he resigned as vice president.
(pages 338339)

The nullification crisis grew, and the threat of
the Union splitting apart intensified.
In 1832 Congress passed a new, lower tariff,
hoping that the Southern protest would die
down. But it did not.
South Carolinas state legislature passed the
Nullification Act, saying that it would not pay
the illegal tariffs of 1828 and 1832.
The South Carolina legislature threatened to
secede if the federal government interfered.
(pages 338339)

Jackson supported a compromise bill by Clay,
lowering the tariff.
He also made sure that the South would accept
it.
He persuaded Congress to pass the Force Bill,
which allowed the president to use the United
States military to enforce acts of Congress.
(pages 338339)

South Carolina accepted the compromise tariff
and state leaders voted to put aside the
Nullification Act.
The crisis between a state and the federal
government was over for the time being.
(pages 338339)
Do you agree with South Carolina or the

federal government over the issues of
nullification and secession?
(pages 338339)
Checking for Understanding

Define Match the terms on the right with their definitions on the
left.
__
E 1. to leave or withdraw
A. favorite son
__
C 2. attempt to ruin an opponents
reputation with insults
B. plurality
__
A 3. candidate that receives the
backing of his home state rather
than of the national party
__
D 4. an overwhelming victory
B 5. largest single share
__

Space Bar to display the answers.
C. mudslinging
D. landslide
E. secede

Reviewing Facts Why did the House of
Representatives select the president in the 1824
presidential election?
No candidate received a majority of electoral

votes.

Reviewing Themes
Continuity and Change What election
practices used in the 1828 presidential
campaign are still used today?
Mudslinging, election slogans, rallies, buttons,

and staged events to arouse voter enthusiasm are
still used today.

Critical Thinking
Drawing Conclusions What was the main reason
President Adams was not popular with the
Democratic-Republicans?
He tried to make the federal government too

powerful.

Analyzing Visuals
Analyzing Political Cartoons Look at the
cartoon on page 338 of your textbook. What
symbols are used to represent the United
States? How does the cartoonist use labels?
What does the cartoonist want readers to think
of President Jackson?
The eagle and the Constitution represent the
United States. The cartoonist uses labels to stand
for an item, institution, or concept. The cartoonist
wants readers to think Jackson is assuming the
powers of a king.

Interviewing Prepare a list of five questions that you

might have asked President Jackson if you had
interviewed him.
Guide to Reading
Main Idea
As more white settlers moved into the Southeast, conflict
arose between the Native Americans who lived there and
the United States government.
Key Terms
relocate
guerrilla tactics


Reading Strategy
As you read Section 2, create a chart like the one on
page 341 of your textbook that describes what
happened to each group of Native Americans as the
United States expanded.
Read to Learn
how Native American peoples were forced off their
lands in the Southeast.
how President Jackson defied the Supreme Court.


Section Theme
Groups and Institutions In the 1830s many Native
American peoples were forced to relocate.
Sequoya

Moving Native Americans

President Andrew Jackson supported
relocating Native Americans to lands west of
the Mississippi River.
Congress passed the Indian Removal Act in
1830.
The federal government paid Native
Americans to move west.
(pages 341344)
Moving Native Americans (cont.)

Jackson also sent officials to negotiate treaties
with the southeastern Native Americans.
In 1834 Congress created the Indian Territory
(a region in present-day Oklahoma) for Native
Americans from
the southeast.
(pages 341344)

The Cherokee Nation refused to give up
its land in Georgia.
Treaties of the 1790s recognized the Cherokee
people as a separate nation with their own
laws, but Georgia did not recognize the
Cherokee laws.
In the Supreme Court case Worcester v.
Georgia in 1832, the Cherokee sued the state.
Chief Justice Marshall ruled that Georgia had

no right to interfere with the Cherokee.
(pages 341344)

Further, the Court stated that only the federal
government had authority over matters
involving the Cherokee.
President Jackson disagreed and supported
Georgias efforts to remove
the Cherokee.
(pages 341344)

In 1832 a few Cherokee signed a treaty giving
up their land, but most of the 17,000 Cherokee
refused to honor it.
General Winfield Scott and an army of 7,000
federal troops came to remove the Cherokee
and threatened force if they did not leave.
The long Cherokee march west began and
became known as the Trail of Tears, the trail
along which they cried.
(pages 341344)
How did the federal government treat the

Native Americans?
The government treated them poorly. It
wanted to remove them from their lands.
Eventually the government sent in federal
troops to enforce a treaty requiring them to
give up their lands. Even though a Supreme
Court case ruled in favor of the Cherokee
peoples rights in Georgia, the president did
(pages 341344)
not support the ruling.
Native American Resistance

Black Hawk led a group of Sauk and Fox
people back to Illinois in 1832 to recapture the
land given up in a treaty.
State and federal troops used force to chase
them into the Mississippi River and
slaughtered most of the Native Americans as
they tried to flee westward into present-day
Iowa.
The troops killed hundreds.
(pages 344345)
Native American Resistance (cont.)

The Seminole people of Florida successfully
resisted removal.
They went to war instead.
In 1835 the Seminole and a group of African
Americans together attacked white settlements
along the Florida coast.
They used guerrilla tactics successfully
against the American soldiers.
By 1842 more than 1,500 American soldiers
had died.
(pages 344345)

The government finally gave up and let some
of the Seminole remain in Florida.
However, many of them had died in the long
war, and many were captured and forced to
move west.
(pages 344345)

Only a few scattered groups of Native
Americans lived east of the Mississippi River
after 1842.
Most had been removed from their lands.
They gave up more than 100 million acres east
of the Mississippi and received about $68
million and 32 million acres of land west of the
Mississippi.
They lived in reservations, divided by nations.
(pages 344345)
How were the Seminole people in Florida

successful in remaining on their land?
They fought a long war with the United States
to be able to remain. The federal government
gave up after seven years, but not after both
sides saw casualties, deaths, and upheaval.
(pages 344345)

left.
__
B 1. referring to surprise attacks or
raids rather than organized
warfare
__
A 2. to force a person or group of
people to move

A. relocate
B. guerrilla tactics

Analyzing Analyze how President Jackson
reacted to the Supreme Court decision supporting
the Cherokees rights.
He ignored the ruling and sided with Georgia in

its efforts to remove the Cherokee.

Reviewing Themes
Groups and Institutions How were the
Seminole able to resist relocation?
They waged a guerrilla war until the United

States allowed the Seminole survivors to stay in
Florida.

Critical Thinking
Drawing Conclusions How was Georgias
policy toward the Cherokee different from the
previous federal policy?
The previous federal policy had recognized the

Cherokee people in the state of Georgia as a
separate nation with their own laws.

Analyzing Visuals
Geography Skills Study the maps on page
342 of your textbook. Which groups of Native
Americans were located in Alabama? What
does the inset map show? In what area of
Florida was the Seminole reservation?
The Cherokee and Creek were located in
Alabama. The inset map shows Seminole areas in
Florida. The Seminole reservation was in central
Florida.

Persuasive Writing Write a letter to Andrew Jackson

telling him why the Native Americans should or
should not be allowed to stay in their homelands.
Guide to Reading
Main Idea
Economic issues affected the presidencies of Andrew
Jackson and Martin Van Buren.
Key Terms
veto
depression
laissez-faire
log cabin campaign


Reading Strategy
Sequencing Information As you read the section,
recreate the diagram on page 348 of your textbook. In the
spaces provided, describe the steps Andrew Jackson took
that put the Bank of the United States out of business.
Read to Learn
why Jackson wanted to destroy the Bank of the
United States.
how the Whigs came to power in 1840.


Section Theme
Economic Factors Economic issues influenced
politics in the mid-1800s.
Bank note issued in

the mid-1800s

War Against the Bank

President Jackson challenged the Bank of the
United States.
He attacked it for being an organization of the
wealthy in which the people had no control.
Private bankers ran the Bank even though it
was chartered, or given a government permit,
to operate by the federal government.
(pages 348351)
War Against the Bank (cont.)

- In 1832 Nicholas Biddle, the Banks president,
applied early for a new charter even though the
charter was good until 1836.
- Senators Clay and Webster, friends of Biddle,
used the Bank as a ploy to try to defeat Jackson
and allow Clay to become president in 1832.
- They figured that Jackson would veto the charter
and lose support.
- Jackson did veto the bill and denounced the Bank
for not caring about the poor, only the wealthy.
(pages 348351)

In the 1832 presidential election, many people
supported Jacksons veto of the Bank charter.
He was reelected, receiving 219 electoral
votes to Clays 49.
Martin Van Buren was elected vice president.
(pages 348351)

Jackson decided on a plan to kill the Bank
after he was reelected.
He ordered the withdrawal of all government
deposits from the Bank
and placed them in smaller state banks.
In 1836 Jackson refused to sign a new charter
for the Bank, and it closed.
(pages 348351)

Jackson did not run for a third term.
The Democrats selected Martin Van Buren,
who faced opposition from the Whigs, a new
political party that included former National
Republicans and others opposed to Jackson.
Van Buren easily defeated his Whig opponents
and became president.
(pages 348351)

The Panic of 1837 hit right after Van Buren
took office.
Land values dropped, investments suddenly
fell off, and banks failed.
People lost confidence.
The panic led into a recession that lasted for
about six years.
(pages 348351)

During the depression, thousands of
businesses closed and hundreds of thousands of
people lost jobs.
Prices rose so high that people could hardly
afford their basic needs.
Van Buren believed in laissez-faire, or the
principle that the government should not
involve itself in the nations economy, so he
did little to help the economic problems.
(pages 348351)

- The situation worsened and the administration did
take a few steps although they had little effect on
the crisis.
- The depression turned all the Jackson supporters
against his friend and colleague President Van
Buren.
(pages 348351)
Although Jackson supported Van Buren in the 1836

presidential election and Jacksons popularity helped
Van Buren win, do you think Jackson supported Van
Burens laissez-faire policy of very little interference in
the nations economy?
Jackson may have expected Van Buren to take more
action to end the depression and help the country out
of its economic crisis. Jackson, although he made
enemies, was outspoken and concerned for the rights
of the people.
(pages 348351)
The Whigs Come to Power

Democratic presidents had been in office for 12
years.
Now the Whigs thought it was time to win the
1840 election.
They nominated William Henry Harrison, a
War of 1812 hero, like Jackson.
John Tyler was Harrisons running mate.
The Democrats nominated Van Buren.
(page 351)
The Whigs Come to Power (cont.)

The Whigs needed the support of the laborers
and farmers who had voted for Jackson.
A log cabin was their symbol to show that
Harrison was a man of the people.
Their campaign slogan was Tippecanoe and
Tyler, Too, because Harrison gained fame in
the Battle of Tippecanoe, defeating
Tecumsehs followers.
(page 351)

William Henry Harrison became the first Whig
president.
He died in office four weeks later of
pneumonia.
(page 351)

John Tyler became the president.
Although winning the election as a Whig, he
had once been a Democrat.
As president he was a strong supporter of
states rights and vetoed some bills sponsored
by the Whigs.
Many members of his cabinet resigned.
The Whigs expelled him from the party due to
his disloyalty.
(page 351)
Why were the Whigs a weak party, only

holding the presidency for one term?
The Whigs could not agree on a party
platform and goals. They often voted along
sectional ties. They were a divided party
without much clout.
(page 351)

left.
__
A 1. to reject a bill and prevent
it from becoming a law
A. veto
__
D 2. name given to William
Henry Harrisons campaign
for the presidency in 1840,
from the Whigs use of a log
cabin as their symbol
C. laissez-faire
B. depression
D. log cabin
campaign
__
C 3. policy that government should interfere as little as
possible in the nations economy
__
B 4. a period of low economic activity and widespread
unemployment


Reviewing Facts List Jacksons reasons for
wanting to kill the Bank of the United
States.
He believed it favored the rich, hurt the poor,

and that it had too much power.

Reviewing Themes
Economic Factors Why did President Van
Buren do little to solve the nations economic
problems during the depression?
He believed in the principle of laissez-faire, that

government should not interfere in the nations
economy.

Critical Thinking
Analyzing Information What tactics did the
Whigs borrow from Jacksons campaign to win
the election of 1840?
They tried to appeal to the common man by

portraying Harrison as a man of the people. They
ridiculed Van Buren, calling him King Martin to
suggest that he was interested only in the welfare
of the rich.

Analyzing Visuals
Analyzing Political Cartoons Study the
cartoon on page 349 of your textbook. Do you
think the Bank of the United States is portrayed
positively or negatively? Explain your answer.
Possible answer: The portrayal is negative
because it is drawn as an ugly, green monster
with claws, sharp teeth, and several heads.

Art Write a campaign slogan for Van Buren or

Harrison in the election of 1840. Then design a
campaign button that incorporates your slogan.

left.
__
G 1. a period of low economic
activity and widespread
unemployment
__
F 2. to leave or withdraw
__
B 3. an overwhelming victory
__
A 4. largest single share
E 5. to cancel or make ineffective
__
C 6. the right to vote
__
D 7. more than half
__

A. plurality
B. landslide
C. suffrage
D. majority
E. nullify
F. secede
G. depression
Reviewing Key Facts

Which Americans were prohibited from voting in
most states before the 1800s?
Women, African Americans, and Native

Americans were still excluded from voting.
Only white male property owners could vote
before the 1800s.

Reviewing Key Facts

Why was the South against high tariffs?
The South, with little manufacturing, bought its

manufactured goods from abroad. The tariffs
made them expensive.

Reviewing Key Facts

Who did the Seminoles join forces with as they
fought against removal from their land?
The Seminoles joined forces with escaped

slaves.

Reviewing Key Facts

How did the Panic of 1837 affect the nations
economy?
Businesses closed. Many people lost their jobs.

Reviewing Key Facts

Why was Harrisons log cabin campaign
successful?
By focusing on the common man, it appealed

to the same voters that were attracted to
Jackson.

Critical Thinking
Drawing Conclusions President Andrew
Jackson promised equal protection and equal
benefits for all Americans. Do you think he
included Native Americans in his promise? Why
or why not?
No; he supported their relocation, showing that
he did not consider them to have the same rights
as other Americans.

Critical Thinking
Analyzing Themes: Groups and Institutions
What agreement did the Cherokee Nation make
with the federal government that Georgia refused
to recognize?
In treaties of the 1790s, the federal
government acknowledged the Cherokee in
Georgia as a separate nation with its own
laws.

Geography and History Activity

Study the map below and answer the questions on the following
slides.

Region Which
general areas of
the United States
voted for Andrew
Jackson in the
election of 1828?
The West and the South
voted for Andrew
Jackson.


Location Which
candidate won
more votes in
Adamss home
state of
Massachusetts?
Adams won the most
votes in his home state
of Massachusetts.


Place Which three
states divided their
total electoral
count between the
two candidates?
Maine, New York, and
Maryland
divided their total
electoral count between
the two candidates.

Standardized Test Practice

Directions: Choose the best answer to the following question.
Which of the following statements expresses an opinion about
Andrew Jackson?
A
Jackson served two terms as president.
He spoke out against South Carolinas Nullification Act.
Because of Jackson, the United States has the best system of

filling government positions.
Jackson supported the Indian Removal Act.
Test-Taking Tip An opinion is a persons belief. It is not a proven

fact (such as answer A). Opinions often contain subjective words,
like easier or best.
Who was the first president to be born a United

States citizen?
Martin Van Buren was the first president

to be born a United States citizen.

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Economics The Cherokee Nation in Georgia enjoyed

economic success. The nation owned 22,000 head of
cattle, 2,000 spinning wheels, 700 looms, 10 sawmills,
and 1,300 enslaved persons.
During his presidency Andrew Jackson surrounded

himself with a group of trusted advisers. Because they
met in the White House kitchen, Jacksons critics referred
to the group as the kitchen cabinet. Martin Van Buren
was the only member of this influential group who also
belonged to the presidents official cabinet. Like Jackson,
many later presidentsoften mistakenlyput their trust in
their kitchen cabinet of friends rather than in officially
appointed cabinet members.
Political Terms Caucus probably is derived from the

Algonquin word caucauasu, which means counselor or
adviser. The first recorded use of the word to mean a
meeting of political leaders came in the 1770s.
Analyzing Primary
Sources
Why Learn This Skill?
Historians determine what happened in the past by
combing through bits of evidence to reconstruct events.
This evidenceboth written and illustratedis called
primary sources. Examining primary sources can help
you understand history.
This feature can be found on page 340 of your textbook.

Click the Speaker button to replay the audio.
Analyzing Primary
Sources
Learning the Skill
Primary sources are records of events made by the people who
witnessed them. They include letters, diaries, photographs and
pictures, news articles, and legal documents. To analyze primary
sources, follow these steps:
Identify when and where the document was written.
Read the document for its content and try to answer the five
W questions: Who is it about? What is it about? When did it
happen? Where did it happen? Why did it happen?
Identify the authors opinions.
This feature can be found on page 340 of your textbook. Click the
mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.
Analyzing Primary
Sources
Practicing the Skill
The primary source on page 340 of your textbook comes from
Speckled Snake, an elder of the Creek Nation, in 1829. He was
more than 100 years old at the time he said these words. Read the
quote, then answer the questions on the following slide.
Analyzing Primary
Sources
Brothers! I have listened to many talks from our Great Father.
When he first came over the wide waters, he was but a little
man. But when the white man had warmed himself before the
Indians fire and filled himself with their hominy, he became
very large. With a step he bestrode the mountains and his feet
covered the plains and the valleys. His hand grasped the eastern
and the western sea, and his head rested on the moon. Then he
became our Great Father. Brothers, I have listened to a great
many talks from our Great Father. But they always began and
ended in thisGet a little further; you are too near me.
Analyzing Primary
Sources
1. What events are described?
The coming of white people and the forcing of Native
Americans from their land are described.
2. Who was affected by these events?
Native Americans were affected by these events.
mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers.
Analyzing Primary
Sources
3. What is the general feeling of the person who stated this
opinion?
The writer feels disgust, anger, distrust, and resentment
because the white settlers have overpowered the Native
Americans and taken their lands, pushing them farther and
farther west.
mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.
Old Hickory
Objectives
After viewing Old Hickory, you should:
Understand why some consider Andrew Jackson to be the first

real American president.
Know why Andrew Jacksons
presidential terms were
controversial.
Appreciate why it is said that
anyone can grow up to be
president.
Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Click in the window
above to view a preview of The American Republic to 1877 video.
Old Hickory
Discussion Question
What was the significance of President Jacksons
reaction to South Carolinas threat to secede?
His firm stance on South Carolina illustrated
Jacksons belief that his country was more than a
confederation of statesit was a nation of peopleand
that individual states had a national responsibility.

Old Hickory
Discussion Question
How was Jacksons use of veto power different from
that of previous presidents?
Previous presidents exercised their veto power
only when they believed proposed legislation was
unconstitutional. Jackson used the veto when he
thought legislation would be harmful or when it
conflicted with his beliefs.

Osceola could be described as strong, proud, defiant, and selfconfident.


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TAR1 Chapter 11d

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The American Republic To 1877

Conflicts Over Land

Jackson and the Bank

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The Impact Today

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Guide to Reading (cont.)

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Guide to Reading (cont.)

Jackson sewing box

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The Election of 1824

The Election of 1824 (cont.)

The Election of 1824 (cont.)

Some members of Congress wanted

The Election of 1824 (cont.)

Why do you think Clay and Adams got

The Election of 1828

The Election of 1828 (cont.)

The Election of 1828 (cont.)

The Election of 1828 (cont.)

What was so different about the election

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Jackson as President (cont.)

Jackson as President (cont.)

Jackson as President (cont.)

Jackson as President (cont.)

Jackson as President (cont.)

Jackson as President (cont.)

How did democracy broaden under Jackson?

The Tariff Debate

The Tariff Debate (cont.)

The Tariff Debate (cont.)

The Tariff Debate (cont.)

The Tariff Debate (cont.)

The Tariff Debate (cont.)

The Tariff Debate (cont.)

The Tariff Debate (cont.)

The Tariff Debate (cont.)

Do you agree with South Carolina or the

Checking for Understanding

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Checking for Understanding

No candidate received a majority of electoral

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Mudslinging, election slogans, rallies, buttons,

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He tried to make the federal government too

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Interviewing Prepare a list of five questions that you

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Guide to Reading (cont.)

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