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Chapter 1
Traditional Malay Kingdom

Introduction

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Powerful Malay Kingdoms existed in the

Malay Archipelago since the 1st century.
Centres of trade, government and the
spread of religion.
A few of them had extensive vassal
states.

Islands of the Malay

Archipelago

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Also known as Malay Worlds. They free

to move, no boundary.
It was characterized as a nation with one
Malay language and culture.
Western Colonialist divided the Island of
Malay Archipelago.

Islands of the Malay

Archipelago
The English Peninsula Malaysia and
part of Borneo Island.
Dutch Indonesia.
French Indochina.
Spanish Phillipines.

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Old Kedah (5 Century)

th

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Monarchy System.
Strategic Location.
Important Entrepot.
Influenced by Hinduism and Buddhism.

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Ancient Artifact found in Kedah

Chih-Tu (6th Century)

Kelantan.
Influenced by Buddhism.
Strong relationship with China.
Ruling system influenced by Hindu
Culture.

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Gangga Negara (5th Century)

Perak.
Port and trade centre.

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Left - 6th century

Buddha statues
found at Ipoh.
Right - 9th century
Hindu priest teacher
statue found at
Jalong, Perak.

Tan-Tan (6th Century)

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Terengganu.
Ruling system influenced by Indian ruling
system.
Strong relationship with China.

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The Malay Kingdom of Melaka

The concept of modern Malaysia started
with Melaka prior to 1400.
It was the most influential kingdom and
marked the beginning of socio politics
tradition of the Malays in Malaysia.

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The Golden Age of Melaka

Geography
Economy
Governance

Geography

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Land Where The Winds Meet.

Crossroad of Chinese, Indian and Arabian
trade routes.

Economy
International Trading Port.
Fabled Spice Islands.
Reasonable taxation system.
Usage of currency.

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Governance
Islam as official religion.
Centre of spreading Islam.
Malay Language as lingua franca.

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Governance

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Expansion of Its Empire Building (the

whole of Peninsula Malaysia and part of
Sumatra).
Strong military system.
Diplomatic Relations: China, Java, India
and Siam.

Governance

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Systematic and Efficient Administration.

Important officials: Finance Minister,
Admiral, The Chief of Defense, Chief
Bursar and the Harbour-Master.
Maintenance of law and order: Laws of
Melaka, Maritime Laws of Melaka.

Fall of Melaka
Weak leaders.
Bribery and Corruption.
Disunity among the people.
Attacked from Portuguese in 1511.

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Other Malay Kingdoms

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Kedah, Perak, Pahang, Negeri Sembilan,

Terengganu, Kelantan, Johor and
Selangor.
After Melaka, Brunei Kingdom became a
powerful state in the Malay Archipelago.
Sabah & Sarawak were part of Brunei
Kingdom.

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The End
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